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An. Fac. Med. (Perú) ; 80(3): 389-396, jul.-set. 2019. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1054843

RESUMO

Introducción: La esquizofrenia es un trastorno psicótico caracterizado por alteración sustantiva del funcionamiento mental y efectos sobre la funcionalidad social de la persona afectada. Objetivo: Brindar recomendaciones basadas en la mejor evidencia disponible para abordaje temprano, tratamiento farmacológico y psicosocial. Métodos: Se elaboró una guía de práctica clínica basada en evidencias (GPC-BE), adaptada mediante proceso sistemático, riguroso, transparente, desarrollado por un grupo elaborador integrado por metodólogos y psiquiatras expertos en el manejo de esquizofrenia. La guía comprende cuatro preguntas clínicas y recomendaciones, se realizó búsqueda de guías que respondan al tema priorizado, se preseleccionaron y evaluaron guías mediante el instrumento "Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II" (AGREE-II), la de mejor calidad metodológica fue elegida para adaptación. La búsqueda sistemática de evidencias para cada pregunta clínica fue realizada en múltiples bases de datos: MEDLINE/Ovid, EMBASE/Ovid, EMB reviews/Ovid. La selección y análisis de evidencias se realizó mediante pares clínicos y metodológos, las recomendaciones fueron elaboradas aplicando metodología Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). Resultados: Con participación del panel de expertos clínicos de institutos y hospitales del Perú referentes en el manejo de esquizofrenia, se elaboraron cuatro recomendaciones para la intervención temprana, tratamiento farmacológico y mixto de pacientes adultos con esquizofrenia. Conclusiones: Se recomienda el abordaje temprano del primer episodio psicótico a través de centros de salud mental comunitarios (CSMC) y hospitales especializados y tratamiento farmacológico junto a terapia psicosocial estandarizada. El presente artículo resume la guía de práctica clínica basada en evidencias elaborada por un hospital público peruano especializado en salud mental.


Introduction: Schizophrenia is a psychotic disorder characterized by substantive alteration of mental functioning and effects on the social functionality of affected individuals. Objective: Provide recommendations based on the best available evidence for early approach, pharmacological and psychosocial treatment. Methods: An Evidence-based Clinical Practice Guide (GPC-BE) was developed, adapted through a systematic, rigorous, transparent process, by a working group composed of methodologists and psychiatrists who are experts in the management of schizophrenia. The guide includes four clinical questions and recommendations, we searched for guides that respond to the prioritized topic, guides were pre-selected and evaluated using the "Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II" (AGREE-II) instrument, the one with the best methodological quality was chosen for adaptation. The systematic search for evidence for each clinical question was performed in multiple databases: MEDLINE / Ovid, EMBASE / Ovid, EMB reviews / Ovid. The selection and analysis of evidence was carried out using clinical pairs and methodologists, the recommendations were prepared using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology. Results: With the participation of the panel of clinical experts from institutes and hospitals in Peru in the management of schizophrenia, four recommendations were established for the early intervention, pharmacological and mixed treatment of adult patients with schizophrenia. Conclusions: The early approach of the first psychotic episode through community mental health centers (CSMC) and specialized hospitals and pharmacological treatment together with standardized psychosocial therapy is recommended. This article summarizes the evidence-based clinical practice guideline developed by a Peruvian public hospital specializing in mental health disorders.

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