RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Plasmacytoid and micropapillary variants of high-grade urothelial carcinoma (HGUC) exhibit unique histologic morphology and very aggressive clinical behavior. However, the morphology of these 2 variants in urinary cytology is not well studied and evaluated using The Paris System for reporting urinary cytology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A database search was performed in all patients with the diagnosis of plasmacytoid or micropapillary HGUC. A total of 5 patients with positive urinary cytology cases were identified. The cytomorphology of every urinary cytology case was correlated with the histologic features in the surgical specimens from the same patient. RESULTS: One urine and 4 bladder washings were evaluated. Cytologically, plasmacytoid HGUCs are characterized by single, large tumor cells with hyperchromasia, irregular nuclear membranes, and vacuolated cytoplasm. The nuclear-to-cytoplasmic (N:C) ratio was less than 0.5 in many of the malignant cells due to the abundant cytoplasm. The cytology features of micropapillary HGUC include the presence of micropapillae of tumor cells with no fibrovascular core. Individual high-grade urothelial cells were also identified in all 4 cases, but 1 (25%) of these had only rare cells meeting The Paris System criteria for HGUC due to abundant cytoplasm and lack of hyperchromasia in most malignant cells. CONCLUSIONS: Plasmacytoid and micropapillary variants of HGUC have unique cytomorphologic features in urinary cytology specimens, which are reflective of the corresponding histological findings. These 2 clinically aggressive variants of HGUC may not be as readily interpreted as malignant using The Paris System for reporting urinary cytology, creating potential diagnostic pitfalls.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Papilar/patologia , Detecção Precoce de Câncer , Plasmócitos/patologia , Urina/citologia , Neoplasias Urológicas/patologia , Urotélio/patologia , Idoso , Carcinoma Papilar/urina , Bases de Dados Factuais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Microscopia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gradação de Tumores , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Estudos Retrospectivos , Urinálise , Neoplasias Urológicas/urinaRESUMO
Extramedullary multiple myeloma (EMM) involving the liver as a focal space-occupying lesion is very rare, especially in the patients with cirrhosis. Here, we report a case of EMM in the liver and periportal lymph node, diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound guided-fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA). A 57-year-old male patient, with history of cirrhosis, presented with abdominal pain and pancytopenia. The abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated a 6.5 cm left hepatic mass with a 1.1 cm malignant-appearing periportal lymph node and diffuse osseous lesions. The cytology specimens from the hepatic mass and the periportal lymph node were obtained through EUS-FNA without rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE). The thin-layer preparations (ThinPrep) showed abundant plasmacytoid cells, which were confirmed to be Kappa-restricted neoplastic plasma cells by the cell block preparations. Later, his serum level of Kappa light chain was found significantly elevated by flow cytometry, which was identified as monoclonal IgA Kappa light chain by serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP) with immunofixation. The patient was diagnosed as IgA multiple myeloma with extramedullary involvement of the liver and periportal lymph node. This is the first case showing the ThinPrep cytomorphologic features of EMM in the liver and periportal lymph node. This case highlights the importance of distinguishing plasma cells from being hepatocytes and lymphocytes on the ThinPrep and also emphasizes the utility of the cell block in the diagnosis of plasma cell neoplasm.
Assuntos
Aspiração por Agulha Fina Guiada por Ultrassom Endoscópico/métodos , Cirrose Hepática/complicações , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico , Linfonodos/patologia , Mieloma Múltiplo/diagnóstico , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/complicações , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mieloma Múltiplo/complicaçõesRESUMO
As part of their community action plans, the Allies Against Asthma coalitions have developed efforts to improve quality of care and promote health care system change. All the coalitions have used an interdisciplinary collaborative approach to design these strategies and demonstrated a range of intervention approaches appropriate to their local context and circumstances. The coalitions' collective experience suggests that coalitions provide three key forces for quality improvement and change that may be lacking in the current fragmented U.S. health care system--motivation to change the status quo, integration across systems, and accountability for results. The collaborative and empowering processes that a coalition model encourages and the direct advocacy opportunity provided to the consumer appear to bring these forces into play.
Assuntos
Redes Comunitárias , Atenção à Saúde/organização & administração , Reforma dos Serviços de Saúde , Garantia da Qualidade dos Cuidados de Saúde , Papel (figurativo) , Asma/terapia , Humanos , Estados UnidosRESUMO
Asthma is a highly prevalent and frequently misunderstood chronic disease with significant morbidity. Integrating client services at the patient-centered level and using coalitions to build coordinated, linked systems to affect care may improve outcomes. All seven Allies Against Asthma coalitions identified inefficient, inconsistent, and/or fragmented care as issues for their communities. In response, the coalitions employed a collaborative process to identify and address problems related to system fragmentation and to improve coordination of care. Each coalition developed a variety of interventions related to its specific needs and assets, stakeholders, stage of coalition formation, and the dynamic structure of its community. Despite common barriers in forming alliances with busy providers and their staff, organizing administrative structures among interinstitutional cultures, enhancing patient and/or family involvement, interacting with multiple insurers, and contending with health system inertia, the coalitions demonstrated the ability to produce coordinated improvements to existing systems of care.
Assuntos
Asma/terapia , Redes Comunitárias/organização & administração , Modelos Organizacionais , Doença Crônica/terapia , Eficiência Organizacional , Humanos , Integração de Sistemas , Estados UnidosRESUMO
La realidad nos demanda, aceptar que el tiempo que estamos en la tierra, está circunscrito y morimos para que el mundo pueda continuar viviendo... Roldán. Resulta alarmante, como en nuestras sociedades los profesionales de la salud se ven frecuentemente involucrados en conflictos éticos-legales, especialmente por un soporte de vida artificial, sin contar con los argumentos éticos, morales y clínicos, que confieran los conocimientos suficientes para tomar una decisión objetiva. Ya que nuestra formación médica se basa en el modelo biopsicosocial, una visión personalizada e integral del paciente, es de nuestro particular interés evaluar la aplicación de modelos dominantes aprendidos en la práctica cotidiana del ejercicio médico, del cual hace parte el proceso de muerte frente a una medicina que abandona su propósito de prolongar la vida, por acciones que conducen a aumentar la agonía y retarda la llegada de una muerte tranquila, debemos aceptar la naturaleza mortal de la vida humana.