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BACKGROUND: Evidence suggests that involving General Practitioners in the care of patients with palliative care needs may improve patient outcomes. AIM: To evaluate whether a two-tiered intervention involving training in palliative care and a new consultation model in primary care for patients with palliative care needs is feasible and could reduce patients' symptom burden. DESIGN: Before-after study including an internal pilot. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS: Nine general practitioners working in a health region in Portugal and 53 patients with palliative care needs from their patient lists were recruited. General Practitioners received training in palliative care and used a new primary palliative care consultation model, with medical consultations every 3 weeks for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was physical symptom burden, self-reported using the Integrated Palliative care Outcome Scale (IPOS) patient version (min.0-max.1000). Secondary outcomes included emotional symptoms (min.0-max.400) and communication/practical issues (min.0-max.300). RESULTS: Of the 35/53 patients completed the 12-week intervention (mean age 72.53 years, SD = 13.45; 54.7% female). All had advanced disease: one third had cancer (n = 13), one third had congestive heart failure (n = 12); others had chronic kidney disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. After the 12 weeks of intervention, there was a reduction in physical symptom burden [mean difference from baseline of 71.42 (95%CI 37.01-105.85) with a medium-large effect size (0.71], and in emotional symptom burden [mean difference 42.86 (95%CI 16.14-69.58), with a medium effect size (0.55)]. No difference was found for communication/practical issues. CONCLUSIONS: Our intervention can be effective in reducing patients' physical and emotional symptoms. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov ID - NCT05244590. Registration: 14th February 2022.
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INTRODUCTION: Depressive symptoms have been reported as prevalent after bariatric surgery. This study aims to analyze the role of weight, eating behaviors and body image in depressive symptomatology in bariatric surgery patients assessed post-operatively. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study including 52 bariatric surgery patients assessed post-operatively with a follow-up time ranging from 22 to 132 months. Psychological assessment included a clinical interview (Eating Disorder Examination) to assess eating disorders psychopathology, and three self-report measures: Outcome Questionnaire 45--general distress; Beck Depression Inventory--depressive symptoms; and Body Shape Questionnaire--body image. RESULTS: Our data show that depressive symptoms after surgery are associated with loss of control over eating, increased concerns with body image, and body mass index regain. Multiple linear regressions was tested including these variables and showed that body mass index regain after surgery, loss of control over eating and concerns with body image significantly explained 50% of the variance of post-operative depressive symptoms, being the concern with body image the most significant variable: greater dissatisfaction with body image was associated with more depressive symptoms. DISCUSSION: The results of this study showed that a subgroup of patients presents a significant weight gain after bariatric surgery, which is associated with episodes of loss of control over eating, concerns with body image and depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION: These results stress the relevance of body image concerns after surgery and the importance of clinically addressing these issues to optimize psychological functioning after bariatric surgery.
Introdução: A sintomatologia depressiva tem-se revelado prevalente após a cirurgia bariátrica. Este estudo teve como objetivo compreender o papel do peso, alimentação e imagem corporal na sintomatologia depressiva após realização da cirurgia bariátrica. Material e Métodos: Segue um design transversal e possui uma amostra pós-cirúrgica de 52 indivíduos, com um tempo de follow-up entre os 22 e os 132 meses. A avaliação foi realizada através de duas entrevistas clínicas semiestruturadas, incluindo a perturbação de comportamento alimentar (Eating Disorder Examination), e de três instrumentos de autorrelato: Outcome Questionnaire 45 - comprometimento psicológico geral, Beck Depression Inventory - sintomatologia depressiva e Body Shape Questionnaire - imagem corporal. Resultados: Os resultados mostram que a sintomatologia depressiva está associada à ingestão alimentar compulsiva, à preocupação com a imagem corporal e à percentagem do índice de massa corporal ganho. Segundo os resultados da análise de regressão linear múltipla que incluiu estas variáveis, a percentagem de índice de massa corporal ganho após cirurgia, a ingestão alimentar compulsiva e a preocupação com a imagem corporal são os factores que explicam 50% da variância da sintomatologia depressiva após a cirurgia, sendo a preocupação com a imagem corporal mais significativo, na medida em que uma maior insatisfação com a imagem corporal está associada a mais sintomas depressivos. Discussão: Os resultados deste estudo mostraram que um subgrupo de doentes apresenta um aumento de peso significativo após a cirurgia bariátrica que está associado a episódios de ingestão alimentar compulsiva, a preocupações com a imagem corporal e a sintomatologia depressiva. Conclusão: Estes resultados enfatizam a importância de considerar estas preocupações com a imagem corporal na avaliação psicológica da pessoa que fez cirurgia bariátrica de modo a otimizar o seu funcionamento psíquico e adesão ao tratamento.