Potentials of genotypes, morpho-physio-biochemical traits, and growing media on shelf life and future prospects of gene editing in tomatoes.

Background: To study the genetic basis of the impact of genotypes and morpho-physio-biochemical traits under different organic and inorganic fertilizer doses on the shelf life attribute of tomatoes, field experiments were conducted in randomized block designs during the rabi seasons of 2018-2019 and 2019-2020. The experiment comprised three diverse nutrient environments [T1-organic; T2-inorganic; T3-control (without any fertilizers)] and five tomato genotypes with variable growth habits, specifically Angoorlata (Indeterminate), Avinash-3 (semi-determinate), Swaraksha (semi-determinate), Pusa Sheetal (semi-determinate), and Pusa Rohini (determinate). Results: The different tomato genotypes behaved apparently differently from each other in terms of shelf life. All the genotypes had maximum shelf life when grown in organic environments. However, the Pusa Sheetal had a maximum shelf life of 8.35 days when grown in an organic environment and showed an increase of 12% over the control. The genotype Pusa Sheetal, organic environment and biochemical trait Anthocyanin provides a promise as potential contributor to improve the keeping quality of tomatoes. Conclusion: The genotype Pusa Sheetal a novel source for shelf life, organic environment, and anthocyanin have shown promises for extended shelf life in tomatoes. Thus, the identified trait and genotype can be utilized in tomato improvement programs. Furthermore, this identified trait can also be targeted for its quantitative enhancement in order to increase tomato shelf life through a genome editing approach. A generalized genome editing mechanism is consequently suggested.

Tinea pseudoimbricata: observations from a clinicoepidemiological and mycological study from eastern India.

The characteristic ring with ring appearance in patients with dermatophytosis should raise the suspicion of application of topical corticosteroids (alone or in combination with topical antifungals). Such patients be counselled about the harmful effects applying such inappropriate combinaiton.

Stewart-Bluefarb syndrome revisited.

Stewart-Bluefarb syndrome (SBS) is a subtype of pseudo-Kaposi sarcoma (PKS), which is associated with congenital arteriovenous malformation. It is a rare syndrome, characterized by cutaneous lesions with onset in the second decade of life. We report a case of SBS in a 33-year-old man presenting with a 15-year history of unilateral, reddish-brown, raised lesions on his right lower leg and the dorsum of his foot. Diagnosis of PKS was confirmed by histopathology and radiology. We report the clinical features, aetiopathogenesis, differential diagnosis and treatment of this rare condition.

The "mystery" of cutaneous sarcoidosis: facts and controversies.

The reason why the cutaneous form of sarcoidosis is well known in the literature is because of its spectrum of manifestations granting it the fame of a Great Imitator. The mystery shrouding the pathogenesis of this rare cutaneous disease is still there (in spite of the fundamental progress of the various diagnostic methods in current day medicine). The production of the morphological substrate - the epithelioid cell granuloma - which is considered to be characteristic of skin sarcoidosis, could, however, also be the end result of a reaction to i) various specific infectious agents such as Leishmaniasis cutis, coccidioidomycosis, etc., ii) certain residual bacterial or other mycobacterial antigens which, at the moment of setting the diagnosis are - by definition - non-infectious but still immunogenic, as well as iii) different tumor antigens in lesional tissue or other location. Often, differentiating between sarcodiosis and a sarcoid-like reaction, based on the updated criteria for cutaneous sarcoidosis, is problematic to downright impossible. A future characterization of the genetic signature of the two conditions, as well as the implementation of additional mandatory panels for i) the identification of certain infectious or ii) non-infectious but immunogenic and iii) tumor antigens in the epithelioid cell granuloma (or in another location in the organism), could be a considerable contribution to the process of differentiating between the two above-mentioned conditions. This will create conditions for greater accuracy when setting the subsequent therapeutic approaches.

Dermatological signs in South Asian women induced by sari and petticoat drawstrings.

The sari, the elegant garment worn by Indian and many South Asian women, is associated with many cutaneous signs. With millions of South Asians settled all over the world, it is important for clinicians to be aware of the cutaneous associations of wearing a sari that is tied tightly around the waist with a drawstring. Lichenified linear hyperpigmented grooves, vitiligo, postinflammatory depigmentation, lichen planus and superficial cutaneous infections are some of the conditions seen in women wearing this garment. This review is one of the very few detailed reports of this widely worn garment and its dermatological associations.

Canal-like median raphe cysts: an unusual presentation of an unusual condition.

Median raphe cysts are an uncommon dermatology. Even more uncommon is their presentation as a cordlike or canaliform induration in the median raphe, confusingly called a median raphe cyst. Two such cases are reported in children, and the term 'canaliform median raphe cysts' is suggested.

Striae: stretching the long list of precipitating factors for 'true koebnerization' of vitiligo, lichen planus and psoriasis.

AIMS: To document the role of striae distensae and striae gravidarum in causing Koebner phenomenon in cases of vitiligo, psoriasis and lichen planus. RESULTS: Striae are documented to cause Koebner phenomenon in patients with preexisting vitiligo, psoriasis and lichen planus, the three conditions where 'true kobenerisation' has been suggested according to Boyd and Nelder classification. CONCLUSIONS: Striae distensae and striae gravidarum are examples of blunt trauma. Just as happens with penetrating trauma, striae too are shown to be responsible for causing the Koebner phenomenon.

Lymphangiectasias of the skin: victims of confusing nomenclature.

Lymphangiectasias are known by a variety of names, in the dermatology literature, including lymphangiectasis, acquired lymphangiomas, secondary lymphangiomas and acquired lymphangioma circumscriptum, which has led to confusion. The condition itself, especially in the genital region, is difficult to diagnose. This article attempts to resolve the issues of the confusing nomenclature and reviews the condition, which can arise under a variety of clinical circumstances. The relevant anatomical and histological details are described, with relevant clinical illustrations, to facilitate understanding of the aetiopathogenesis of this enigmatic condition. The available medical and non-medical treatments are discussed.

Eyebrow threading: a popular hair-removal procedure and its seldom-discussed complications.

Removal of eyebrow and facial hair by 'threading' has gained popularity worldwide. Threading is an ancient Eastern method of removing unwanted facial and eyebrow hair by a technique whereby one end of a cotton thread is held in the mouth of the technician and the other end looped around individual hair shafts, which are then pulled out. This is repeated in quick, successive movements. In India, this is used extensively for shaping and removing eyebrow hair. Threading now enjoys immense popularity with women worldwide, irrespective of race or colour, and is an accepted method for removing eyebrow hair and shaping the eyebrows. However, this popular cosmetic procedure has some significant dermatological side-effects and is not familiar to many dermatologists. To our knowledge, this is the first report of verrucae occurring in threaded eyebrows. Other complications include erythema, folliculitis, pseudofolliculitis, hyperpigmentation, and depigmentation, including koebnerization of vitiligo. This report should alert dermatologists to the possible complications that may arise from this popular aesthetic epilatory procedure.