[Epizootiology, prevention and control of salmonellosis in swine]. / Epizootologiia, profilaktika i borba sus salmonelozite po svinete.

Microbiologic studies were carried out in 1981-1985 with a total of 25,561 samples--12,878 were cadavers and viscera, 574 were fetuses, 6,208 were swabs of rectal samples. 844 were feces, 4,096 were washings, 493--feed samples, etc. A number of prophylaxis and control programmes were tested under productional conditions with the use of drugs and vaccinations with a live and a killed autovaccine. Salmonella organisms were isolated as follows: 9.05% from cadavers, 2.5% from fecal samples, 1.35% from rectal swabs, 1.2% from washings from the environment, 0.6% from feed samples--all belonging to 19 serologic types. Greatest importance was shown to have S. cholerae suis, which was epizootically specific for swine, however, the part played by var. america also grew as compared to var. kunzendorf. With the exception of several sporadic cases all other serologic types of Salmonellae were isolated from carriers, rectal and fecal samples, and others. In the event of swine salmonellosis under productional conditions better results were obtained with the use of drugs. Both morbidity and mortality rate dropped twice as low with animals treated with a live vaccine once, and with a killed autovaccine four times. Suggested is a prophylactic and control program, following a definite pattern in dealing with swine salmonellosis in enzootic foci, with the use of complex measures.

[Isolation and use of a farm-specific hyperimmune serum against transmissible gastroenteritis]. / Poluchavane i prilagane na obornospetsifichen khiperimunen serum sreshtu transmisiven gastroenterit.

A specific stationary hyperimmune serum was obtained in a pigbreeding complex with a transmissive gastroenteritis infection via trifold (at a fourteen-day interval) i/m injection of sows with 5 cm3 each of undiluted virus (10(6) TCCPE50 per cm3). Tested were hyperimmunization programmes with pigs in the final fattening period. It was found that the use of undiluted virus led to the equation of sows in terms of their immunologic state and to the essential rise of the titer of humoral antibodies. In order to obtain high titer immune serum against transmissive gastroenteritis it is sufficient to proceed with the i/m injection of pigs or adult swine in the final stage of fattening at rising amounts (from 3 to 10 cm3) of attenuated virus of sufficiently high titer (10(6) TCCPE50 per cu. cm). The hyperimmune serum produced a very good prophylactic effect with newborn pigs on the same farm - the twofold oral administration of 5 to 10 cm3 on the day of birth and a couple of days later led to a drop of both morbidity and mortality rate as well as to the improvement of body development.

[Plans for using vaccination in Aujeszky's disease]. / Skhemi za prilozhenie na vaksinatsiia pri bolestta n a Aueski.

A number of clinical, serological, virological and pathomorphological investigations were carried out on pigs bred on a swine-breeding farm, enzootic with regard to AD. One hundred and forty pigs, born by mothers vaccinated with ethanol-saponin vaccine, were inoculated with different quantities of living MK-25 vaccine against AD at the moment of their weaning, as well as on the 15th, 90th and 150th days after the vaccination, were nasally infected in doses 4 cm3 with a virulent/5 x 10(6) CCIU in 1 cm3/virus. No encephalitic clinical symptoms were observed but pathomorphologically was proved a non-suppurative meningoencephalitis with the 1 dose vaccinated pigs, provoked on the 15th day after the vaccination, with those pigs used for control and vaccinated with 1 dose on 90th day and with one control pig on the 180th day. We also proved the presence of lymphohistiocyte interstitial pneumonia as well as intranuclear inclusions in the macrophages of the tonsils. A virus was isolated from the tonsils and from the lungs. Serologically was proved an increase in the titre of antibodies with all test pigs. It was proved that the passively acquired (colostrum) immunity against AD which the pigs, born by vaccinated mothers, possess neutralized the vaccinal virus and prevented the acquisition of an active immunity after vaccination. Its inhibitory action could be overcome by vaccinating with increased quantities of vaccine.