Respiratory Effects of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Administered during Recovery from General Anesthesia in Brachycephalic Dogs.

This study aimed to evaluate the benefits of applying 5 cmH2O of CPAP using a pediatric helmet during the recovery phase from general anesthesia in brachycephalic dogs. Brachycephalic dogs undergoing various surgical procedures were included in this study, and a total of 64 subjects were randomly assigned to receive either standard oxygen supplementation (NO-CPAP group) or oxygen supplementation combined with CPAP (CPAP group). This study evaluated arterial blood pH, blood gas partial pressures of O2 and CO2, arterial blood O2 saturation, and related parameters during recovery. The dogs were monitored, and helmet tolerance was assessed using predefined criteria. Of the initially assessed 69 dogs, 64 were enrolled: 32 in the CPAP group and 32 in the NO-CPAP group. Fifteen dogs in the NO-CPAP group were excluded based on predetermined criteria. The CPAP group showed significant improvements in PaO2, PaO2/FiO2, P(A-a)O2, F-Shunt, and respiratory rate compared with the NO-CPAP group (p < 0.001). The incidence of reintubation and helmet intolerance was higher in the NO-CPAP group (18% and 15.6%, respectively) than in the CPAP group (0%). This study highlights the potential benefits of incorporating CPAP, delivered through a pediatric helmet, in the perioperative management of brachycephalic dogs.

Effects of two alveolar recruitment maneuvers in an "open-lung" approach during laparoscopy in dogs.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of a sustained inflation alveolar recruiting maneuver (ARM) followed by 5 cmH2O of PEEP and a stepwise ARM, in dogs undergoing laparoscopic surgery. Materials and methods: Twenty adult dogs were enrolled in this prospective randomized clinical study. Dogs were premedicated with methadone intramuscularly (IM); anesthesia was induced with propofol intravenously (IV) and maintained with inhaled isoflurane in pure oxygen. The baseline ventilatory setting (BVS) was as follows: tidal volume of 15 mL/kg, inspiratory pause of 25%, inspiratory to expiratory ratio of 1:2, and the respiratory rate to maintain the end-tidal carbon dioxide between 45 and 55 mmHg. 10 min after pneumoperitoneum, randomly, 10 dogs underwent sustained inflation ARM followed by 5 cmH2O of PEEP (ARMi), while 10 dogs underwent a stepwise recruitment maneuver followed by the setting of the "best PEEP" (ARMc). Gas exchange, respiratory system mechanics, and hemodynamic were evaluated before the pneumoperitoneum induction (BASE), 10 min after the pneumoperitoneum (PP), 10 min after the recruitment (ARM), and 10 min after the pneumoperitoneum resolution (PostPP). Statistical analysis was performed with the ANOVA test (p < 0.05). Results: Static compliance decreased in both groups at PP (ARMc = 1.35 ± 0.21; ARMi = 1.16 ± 0.26 mL/cmH2O/kg) compared to BASE (ARMc = 1.78 ± 0.60; ARMi = 1.66 ± 0.66 mL/cmH2O/kg) and at ARM (ARMc = 1.71 ± 0.41; ARMi = 1.44 ± 0.84 mL/cmH2O/kg) and PostPP (ARMc = 1.75 ± 0.45; ARMi = 1.89 ± 0.59 mL/cmH2O/kg), and it was higher compared to PP and similar to BASE. The PaO2/FiO2, in both groups, was higher at ARM (ARMc = 455.11 ± 85.90; ARMi = 505.40 ± 31.70) and PostPP (ARMc = 521.30 ± 66.20; ARMi = 450.90 ± 70.60) compared to PP (ARMc = 369.53 ± 49.31; ARMi = 394.32 ± 37.72). Conclusion and clinical relevance: The two ARMs improve lung function in dogs undergoing laparoscopic surgery similarly. Application of PEEP at the end of the ARMs prolonged the effects of the open-lung strategy.

Wound Retractor Laparoscopic Port System for Laparoscopic Ovariectomy in Panthera leo.

The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and intraoperative complications of performing ovariectomies in African lionesses (Panthera leo) using a wound retractor laparoscopic platform. Six lionesses (n = 6) were included. The surgical procedures were carried out through three portals, with a retractor platform positioned at the umbilical port and cannulas placed 3-4 cm from the cranial and caudal regions to the device at the level of the midline. An ovariectomy was performed with a vessel-sealing device. We evaluated the surgery time and the intraoperative and early postoperative complications. The mean weight was 172.83 kg. The total surgery time was 49.33 min. The installation step took a mean of 10.33 min to complete. The mean ovariectomy time was 20 min. Controlled bleeding was observed at the tip of the uterine horn in two cases due to excessive tissue thickness. The retrieval of dissected ovarian tissue and annexes was easily performed. No other complications were observed. The use of the laparoscopic platform during three-portal surgeries for laparoscopic ovariectomy in adult overweight lionesses is feasible and without intraoperative problems. The retractor meant that there were no entry-related issues due to the 25 mm mini-laparotomy. It also made it simpler to extract thick ovaries and promptly re-establish the pneumoperitoneum.