Assuntos
Angina Pectoris/terapia , Angioplastia Coronária com Balão , Oclusão de Enxerto Vascular/imunologia , Antígeno-1 Associado à Função Linfocitária/metabolismo , Infarto do Miocárdio/terapia , Stents , Linfócitos T/imunologia , Idoso , Angina Pectoris/imunologia , Feminino , Oclusão de Enxerto Vascular/diagnóstico , Humanos , Integrinas/sangue , Molécula 1 de Adesão Intercelular/sangue , Antígeno de Macrófago 1/sangue , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infarto do Miocárdio/imunologia , Receptores de Colágeno , Recidiva , Fatores de RiscoAssuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/efeitos adversos , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/tratamento farmacológico , Mesalamina/efeitos adversos , Pielonefrite/induzido quimicamente , Adulto , Contagem de Células Sanguíneas , Sedimentação Sanguínea , Hematúria , Humanos , Masculino , Proteinúria , Pielonefrite/sangue , Pielonefrite/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
To assess by autoregressive model the frequency domain heart rate variability (HRV) during clinostatism and after passive orthostatic load (head-up tilt), 81 hypertensive and normotensive subjects (42 men and 39 women) were subdivided into four groups: 20 adult normotensive subjects (Group 1); 21 elderly normotensive subjects (Group 2); 20 elderly hypertensive subjects with nocturnal blood pressure (BP) falls (Group 3); and 20 elderly hypertensive subjects without nocturnal BP falls (Group 4). They were chosen to assess the influence of aging and arterial hypertension on sympathetic-parasympathetic balance. The age-related decrease observed in nearly all HRV spectral frequency components (normalised units [NUs], high frequency [HF] and low frequency [LF]) was reported in elderly patients in rest conditions. LF indexes resulted in decreases in Group 3 and these data seemed to be emphasised in Group 4. After passive tilt, spectral data were recorded as follows: 25.3+/-1.8 vs 17.8+/-2.2 HF, Group 2 vs Group 1, P<0.001; 72.5+/-0.8 vs 75.6+/-1.8 LF, P< 0.001, Group 2 vs Group 1. Both sympathetic and parasympathetic indexes were lower in Group 3 (44.6+/-1.1 vs 72.5+/-0.8 LF, P< 0.001, Group 3 vs Group 2; 9.9+/-1.8 vs 25.3+/-1.8 HF, P < 0.001, Group 3 vs Group 2) and data became clearer in Group 4 (8.5 2.1 vs 9.9+/-1.8 HF, P< 0.001; 40.4+/-1.5 vs 44.6+/-1.1 LF, Group 4 vs Group 3). The established influence of aging on autonomic nervous system activity appears to be increased by arterial hypertension due to worsening of the sympathetic-parasympathetic response to standardised stimulation. The loss of nocturnal BP declines in arterial hypertension was found to occur in association with a decrease in autonomic nervous system activity.
Assuntos
Ritmo Circadiano/fisiologia , Frequência Cardíaca/fisiologia , Hipertensão/fisiopatologia , Adulto , Idoso , Envelhecimento/fisiologia , Sistema Nervoso Autônomo/fisiopatologia , Monitorização Ambulatorial da Pressão Arterial , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Teste da Mesa InclinadaRESUMO
To assess the comparative effects of benazepril and nitrendipine monotherapies on left ventricular mass index (LVMI) in hypertensive patients with echocardiographically determined left ventricular hypertrophy, patients with diastolic blood pressure (BP) > or = 100 mm Hg were randomized to benazepril, 10 mg, or nitrendipine, 20 mg, both given once or twice daily. After 4 weeks, only the responders (diastolic BP <90 mm Hg) entered a 5-month maintenance period. At baseline, and after 3 and 6 months, LVMI was blindly estimated by means of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and, for comparison, by means of echocardiography. Of the 50 randomized patients, three were excluded from the study as nonresponders after 4 weeks; moreover, two patients taking benazepril and one taking nitrendipine discontinued the treatment after 2 months for adverse effects. Both monotherapies reduced systolic and diastolic BP to a similar extent. After 3 months, MRI-estimated LVMI decreased by 21.5 g/m2 in the benazepril and 8.8 g/m2 in the nitrendipine group, with an adjusted mean difference between the two groups of 11.1 g/m2 (95% CI, 7.3-14.8 g/m2; p = 0.0001). After 6 months, it decreased by 23.6 g/m2 and 10.0 g/m2, respectively, with an adjusted mean difference of 11.3 g/m2 (95% CI, 7.5-15.5; p = 0.0001) in favor of benazepril. In conclusion, despite a similar antihypertensive effect, benazepril led to a greater reduction in MRI-measured LVMI than did nitrendipine (-16.2% vs. -7.2%) in hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy.
Assuntos
Inibidores da Enzima Conversora de Angiotensina/uso terapêutico , Benzazepinas/uso terapêutico , Bloqueadores dos Canais de Cálcio/uso terapêutico , Hipertensão/tratamento farmacológico , Hipertrofia Ventricular Esquerda/tratamento farmacológico , Nitrendipino/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Idoso , Pressão Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Ecocardiografia , Feminino , Frequência Cardíaca/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Função Ventricular Esquerda/efeitos dos fármacosAssuntos
Coração/fisiologia , Trigêmeos , Adolescente , Função Atrial , Eletrocardiografia , Feminino , Testes de Função Cardíaca , HumanosRESUMO
High resolution tracings of atrial depolarization can be obtained by surface signal averaging technique. A study was conducted on 4 male and 4 female healthy MZ twin pairs aged 10.4 +/- 1.3 yrs. Each subject underwent 3 or more recordings, at 10-days intervals. The essential reproducibility could be confirmed, with personal characteristics, as well as the reliability of the technique and the electrophysiological value of the spikes complex. In 3/8 pairs the cotwins showed a significant likeness of the atriogram, while in 5/8 pairs the tracings were not quite resembling between the twins and that is attributed to variations in the chronogenetic characteristics of MZ twins.