[The effectiveness of auditory training using virtual reality technologies in persons with chronic sensorineural hearing loss]. / Effektivnost' slukhovykh trenirovok s ispol'zovaniem tekhnologii virtual'noi real'nosti u lits s khronicheskoi sensonevral'noi tugoukhost'yu.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effectiveness of auditory training using virtual reality technologies in people with chronic sensorineural hearing loss in dynamics. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 68 patients aged from 24 to 97 years (mean age 57.63±15.87 years) with latent hearing loss (hearing loss at high frequencies), I degree of hearing loss and its variations. Auditory training was carried out on the basis of the Diagnostic and Rehabilitation System for spatial and speech hearing based on virtual reality using various audiovisual scenarios ReviAudio and control of speech perception, spatial hearing and hearing quality using the SSQRus questionnaire. RESULTS: A comparative analysis of the training results using the ReviAudio software revealed positive trends in the patient's response time and the patient's accuracy in determining the direction of the target signal, regardless of the symmetry and asymmetry of hearing loss. Patients with asymmetric hearing impairment observe an improvement in spatial hearing parameters, patients with symmetric hearing loss - speech perception and hearing quality, patients with latent hearing loss report an improvement in the quality of hearing. The auditory training is effective in individuals with mild chronic sensorineural hearing loss and in individuals with latent hearing loss as an adjunctive treatment.

[Features of tinnitus in older patients with autonomic dysfunction]. / Osobennosti tinnitusa u patsientov starshikh vozrastnykh grupp s vegetativnoi disfunktsiei.

OBJECTIVE: To establish the features of tinnitus in older age patients with autonomic dysfunction. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We examined 94 patients aged 60 to 93 years (average age is 75.4±3.2 years). Patients with an imbalance of the autonomic nervous system were identified according to the questionnaire of A.M. Wayne and Kerdo's autonomic index. The questionnaires assessing the strength of subjective ear noise, the psychoemotional state of patients, the impact of tinnitus on various spheres of life were used in this study. RESULTS: It was revealed that more than 50% of patients of older age groups with tinnitus had a dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system. Patients with parasympathicotonia more often noted bilateral persistent subjective ear noise than patients with sympathicotonia. CONCLUSIONS: Autonomic dysfunction could be the cause of sleep disturbances, psychoemotional disorders and a decrease in the quality of life.

[Mobile solutions in hearing assessment]. / Mobil'nye resheniya v otsenke slukha.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: To evaluate the effectiveness of the application of the web application "Automated system of primary hearing assessment" created by us for the diagnosis of hearing impairment in different age groups. MATERIAL AND METHODS: With the help of this web application, 712 patients were examined in 3 age groups: group 1 - patients aged 18 to 44 years, 196 people (average age 25.6±2.7 years), group 2 - patients aged 45 to 59 years, 265 people (mean age 46.3±3.6 years), 3rd group - patients 60 years old and older, 251 people (mean age 75.4±1.1 years). RESULTS: It was revealed that 61.8% of patients had risk factors for the development of hearing loss. In the 1st age group, one risk factor for hearing loss prevailed, in the 2nd and 3rd groups, up to 5-9 factors were simultaneously combined. Clinically significant hearing loss was found in 24.3% of patients. Hearing studies at frequencies of 10 and 12 kHz revealed latent hearing loss in 31.3% of patients, 57% of them had risk factors for the development of hearing loss. Comparative analysis in the groups showed that hearing impairment at high frequencies was found in 47.4% of patients in older age groups and in 15.8% of young people. The possibility of performing otoscopy images made it possible to identify changes in the tympanic membrane in 17.1% of patients, to give a correct conclusion about the state of their hearing and to propose an algorithm for further examination. It was found that the sensitivity of the study in the web application was 98%, the specificity - 99.9%. FINDINGS: The use of the web application allows assessing the risk factors for the development of hearing loss, identifying patients with latent hearing loss, objectifying the study with otoscopy images, and remotely obtaining a conclusion about the state of hearing from a specialist doctor.

[Speech and spatial characteristics of hearing in older age groups using virtual reality technologies]. / Rechevye i prostranstvennye kharakteristiki slukha v starshikh vozrastnykh gruppakh pri ispol'zovanii tekhnologii virtual'noi real'nosti.

Spatial and speech characteristics of hearing are needed to monitor the rehabilitation of sensorineural hearing loss in patients of older age groups. Using the created «Program for the assessment of speech, spatial and qualitative characteristics of hearing using virtual reality¼ increases the level of hearing diagnostics using a computerized audiovisual script. The purpose of the study is a comparative analysis of the speech, spatial and qualitative characteristics of hearing before and after using virtual reality in patients of older age groups. The results of the study showed that with good tolerance of virtual reality in 48.3% of patients, the answers to the questions of the SSQrus-12 questionnaire for assessing the spatial and speech characteristics of hearing became more objective. The developed methodology supplemented the group of modern diagnostic methods for spatial and verbal hearing by immersing the patient in a virtual environment in the created audiovisual scenario.

[Resolution of the Council of Experts «Bioregulatory drugs in the complex treatment of common ENT diseases¼]. / Rezolyutsiya Soveta ekspertov «Bioregulyatsionnye preparaty v kompleksnoi terapii rasprostranennykh LOR-zabolevanii¼.

Within the framework of the III All-Russian scientific and practical conference of otorhinolaryngologists, audiologists, somnologists and maxillofacial surgeons with international participation, a meeting of experts in the field of ENT diseases was held with the support of Heel RUS LLC, October 17-18, 2019, Kazan.

[Applicability of antibacterial agents in chronic tonsillitis treatment]. / Vozmozhnosti primeneniia antibakterial'nykh sredstv pri khronicheskom tonzillite.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of nitrofuranes applied for the treatment of chronic tonsillitis. A total of 92 subjects divided into three cohorts were involved in this study. Cohort 1 included 43 patients presenting with decompensated chronic tonsillitis and having pathogens in palatine tonsil lacunae. Cohort 2 was comprised of 13 patients with compensated chronic tonsillitis having pathogenic microflora of the same localization, while Cohort 3 was composed of 36 patients resembling those of cohort 1 in terms of clinical presentation, pathogen composition, and microbial spectrum. While the patients of cohort 1 and cohort 2 were treated by rinsing their tonsil lacunae with a furasol solution as a single-drug therapeutic procedure, those comprising Cohort 3 underwent treatment with furacilinum for the same purpose. The results of the study give evidence of the important advantages of furasol therapy over other modalities for the conservative treatment of chronic tonsillitis.