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1.
mSystems ; 8(5): e0057923, 2023 Oct 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37747204

RESUMO

IMPORTANCE: Identifying the mechanisms underlying microbial community succession is necessary for predicting how microbial communities, and their functioning, will respond to future environmental change. Dispersal is one mechanism expected to affect microbial succession, yet the difficult nature of manipulating microorganisms in the environment has limited our understanding of its contribution. Using a dispersal exclusion experiment, this study isolates the specific effect of environmental dispersal on bacterial and fungal community assembly over time following a wildfire. The work demonstrates the potential to quantify dispersal impacts on soil microbial communities over time and test how dispersal might further interact with other assembly processes in response to environmental change.


Assuntos
Microbiota , Micobioma , Incêndios Florestais , Bactérias , Microbiologia do Solo
3.
ISME J ; 16(10): 2295-2304, 2022 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35778440

RESUMO

Recent evidence suggests that, similar to larger organisms, dispersal is a key driver of microbiome assembly; however, our understanding of the rates and taxonomic composition of microbial dispersal in natural environments is limited. Here, we characterized the rate and composition of bacteria dispersing into surface soil via three dispersal routes (from the air above the vegetation, from nearby vegetation and leaf litter near the soil surface, and from the bulk soil and litter below the top layer). We then quantified the impact of those routes on microbial community composition and functioning in the topmost litter layer. The bacterial dispersal rate onto the surface layer was low (7900 cells/cm2/day) relative to the abundance of the resident community. While bacteria dispersed through all three routes at the same rate, only dispersal from above and near the soil surface impacted microbiome composition, suggesting that the composition, not rate, of dispersal influenced community assembly. Dispersal also impacted microbiome functioning. When exposed to dispersal, leaf litter decomposed faster than when dispersal was excluded, although neither decomposition rate nor litter chemistry differed by route. Overall, we conclude that the dispersal routes transport distinct bacterial communities that differentially influence the composition of the surface soil microbiome.


Assuntos
Microbiota , Solo , Bactérias/genética , Folhas de Planta , Solo/química , Microbiologia do Solo
4.
PLoS One ; 15(9): e0233872, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32966309

RESUMO

Bacteria are essential parts of ecosystems and are the most diverse organisms on the planet. Yet, we still do not know which habitats support the highest diversity of bacteria across multiple scales. We analyzed alpha-, beta-, and gamma-diversity of bacterial assemblages using 11,680 samples compiled by the Earth Microbiome Project. We found that soils contained the highest bacterial richness within a single sample (alpha-diversity), but sediment assemblages displayed the highest gamma-diversity. Sediment, biofilms/mats, and inland water exhibited the most variation in community composition among geographic locations (beta-diversity). Within soils, agricultural lands, hot deserts, grasslands, and shrublands contained the highest richness, while forests, cold deserts, and tundra biomes consistently harbored fewer bacterial species. Surprisingly, agricultural soils encompassed similar levels of beta-diversity as other soil biomes. These patterns were robust to the alpha- and beta- diversity metrics used and the taxonomic binning approach. Overall, the results support the idea that spatial environmental heterogeneity is an important driver of bacterial diversity.


Assuntos
Bactérias/classificação , Ecossistema , Microbiologia do Solo , Bases de Dados Genéticas , Microbiota , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética
5.
Trends Microbiol ; 26(4): 250-252, 2018 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29523393

RESUMO

Despite the enormous diversity of bacteria, a recent study reveals that soils are globally dominated by a small list of taxa. Characterizing the traits of these bacteria offers the potential for predicting functional differences among soil communities.


Assuntos
Microbiologia do Solo , Solo , Bactérias/classificação , Biodiversidade
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