Our experience with a modified prying-up technique for closed reduction of irreducible supracondylar humeral fractures.

Satisfactory reduction of some displaced pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures is not achievable via closed reduction, thus necessitating open procedure, which increases the incidence of complications. Using percutaneous prying-up technique to assist closed reduction may reduce the requirement for transform to an open operation. We retrospectively reviewed displaced pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures treated by the same surgeon from September 2021 to January 2024,with 134 subjects meeting criteria for inclusion. These children were divided into two groups. In Group A(n = 61),the prying-up technique was used to assist with closed reduction of fractures. Group B(n = 73) included fractures treated with conventional manual traction. To balance group size,12 fractures from group A were randomly removed, leaving a final 61 patients in each group. Demographics, operative time, the rate of failed closed reduction, complications and radiographic results were analyzed. The operative time was significantly less in Group A as compared with Group B(mean difference, - 7.22; [95% confidence interval (CI), - 8.49 to - 5.94]; p < 0.001). The rate of failed closed reduction were significantly lower in Group A as compared to Group B(2 of 61 vs. 10 of 61, p = 0.015).However, we found no difference in terms of the radiographic results and complications between the two groups(p > 0.05). percutaneous prying-up technique significantly improves the efficiency of surgery and reduces rate of failed closed reduction of supracondylar humeral fractures in pediatric patients. Level III, retrospective comparative study.See Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

KLF15 ATTENUATES LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE-INDUCED APOPTOSIS AND INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE IN RENAL TUBULAR EPITHELIAL CELLS VIA PPARΔ.

ABSTRACT: Background: The kidney is the most commonly affected organ in sepsis patients, and Krüppel-like transcription factor 15 (KLF15) has a kidney-protective effect and is highly enriched in the kidneys. This study aims to explore the role of KLF15 in sepsis-related acute kidney injury. Methods: A septic injury model in HK2 cells was established through the administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), followed by the transfection of an overexpression plasmid for KLF15. Cell viability was assessed using Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, and apoptosis was measured via flow cytometry. The levels of inflammatory cytokines were detected using ELISA, and western blot assay was employed to assess the expression of KLF15, PPARδ, as well as inflammatory and apoptosis-related proteins. The interaction between KLF15 and PPARδ was confirmed through the utilization of online databases and immunoprecipitation experiments. The mechanism was further validated using PPARδ agonists and small interfering RNA. Results: LPS-induced HK2 cells showed downregulated expression of KLF15 and PPARδ, along with decreased viability, accompanied by increased levels of apoptosis, TNFα, IL-1ß, and IL-6. Additionally, LPS upregulated the expression of Bax, cytoplasmic cytochrome C [Cytc (cyt)], Cox-2, and p-NF-κB-p65 in HK2 cells, while simultaneously downregulating the expression of Bcl2 and mitochondrial cytochrome c [Cytc (mit)]. immunoprecipitation experiment revealed a possible interaction between KLF15 and PPARδ in HK2 cells. Ov-KLF15, Ov-PPARδ, or administration of PPARδ agonists effectively alleviated the aforementioned alterations induced by LPS. However, interference with PPARδ significantly attenuated the protective effect of Ov-KLF15 on HK2 cells. Conclusion: KLF15 attenuates LPS-induced apoptosis and inflammatory responses in HK2 cells via PPARδ.

Altered brain function in treatment-resistant depression patients: A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study.

BACKGROUND: It has been established that there are functional changes in the brain of treatment-resistant depression (TRD) patients, but previous studies of functional connectivity (FC) usually involved selection of regions of interest based on accumulated a priori knowledge of the disorder. In this study, we combine amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and FC; this approach, based on the abnormal ALFF, may provide some insights into the neural basis of the disease in terms of fMRI signals of low-frequency fluctuations. METHODS: A total of 16 TRD patients, who visited the Qingdao Mental Health Center, Shandong Province, China between March 2023 and January 2024, along with 16 normal subjects, were enrolled into this study for functional imaging. In this study, we first explored the ALFF changes of TRD patients at a baseline resting state. Second, we selected the regions that were significantly changed in the ALFF as seeds and calculated the regional activity and functional connectivity (FC) of these regions using a seed-based approach. We also calculated correlations between the percent change in the PDQ-5D scores and ALFF values in brain regions with differing activity for TRD patients. RESULTS: During the baseline resting state, by using the ALFF, we found a significantly decreased or increased ALFF in the TRD patients relative to the controls. These regions were located in the left/right postcentral gyrus (PoCG.L/PoCG.R), right cuneus(CUN.R). We found that the ALFF values of the right hippocampus (HIP.R) in the TRD group were negatively correlated with the PDQ-5D score. Then, we selected these brain regions as seeds to investigate the FC changes in brains of TRD patients. We found abnormal functional connectivity in left/right middle frontal gyrus(MFG.L/MFG.R), the right Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part (IFGoperc.R), the left/right Anterior cingulate and paracingulate gyri (ACC.L/ACC.R), the right supramarginal gyrus (SMG.R), and the right Calcarine fissure and surrounding cortex (CAL.R). CONCLUSION: We found a larger range of altered brain regions in TRD patients compared to healthy controls, especially in the central executive network (CEN), salience network (SN) and default mode network (DMN).

Atomically Dispersed Palladium Catalyst for Chemoselective Hydrogenation of Quinolines.

Chemoselective hydrogenation of quinoline and its derivatives is a significant strategy to achieve the corresponding 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines (py-THQ) for various potential applications. Here, we precisely constructed a titanium carbide supported atomically dispersed Pd catalyst (PdSA+NC/TiC) for quinoline hydrogenation, delivering above 99% py-THQ selectivity at complete conversion with an outstanding turnover frequency (TOF) of 463 h-1. AC-HAADF-STEM and XAFS demonstrate that the atomic dispersion of Pd includes Pd-Ti2C2 single atoms and Pd clusters with atomic-layer thickness. Theoretical calculation and experimental results revealed that H2 dissociation and subsequent hydrogenation rates were greatly promoted over Pd clusters. Although the adsorption of quinolines and intermediates are easier on Pd clusters than on Pd single atoms, the desorption of py-THQ is more favored over Pd single atoms than over Pd clusters. The desorption step may be the main reason for 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline (bz-THQ) and decahydroquinoline (DHQ) formation. Thus, a low reaction activity and py-THQ selectivity were received over PdSA/TiC and PdNP/TiC, respectively.

Resveratrol liposomes reverse sorafenib resistance in renal cell carcinoma models by modulating PI3K-AKT-mTOR and VHL-HIF signaling pathways.

RCC is a malignant tumor arising from the urothelium of renal parenchyma that remains challenging to be treated. In this study, we assessed the anti-tumor effects of Resveratrol liposomes (RES-lips) combined with sorafenib on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and explored the potential mechanisms underlying the improvement of sorafenib resistance models. Tumor growth and survival following treatment with sorafenib alone or in combination with RES-lips was evaluated in a RCC xenograft mouse model. Flow cytometry results demonstrated that the combination of RES-lips and sorafenib significantly enhanced the G1/S phase arrest of sorafenib-resistant cells. When compared with the PBS or monotherapy groups, treatment with RES-lips combined with sorafenib exhibited significant inhibition of tumor growth in the RCC xenograft mouse model with tumor growth inhibition (TGI) rates and complete remission (CR) rates of 90.1 % and 50 %, respectively. Concersely, the maximum TGI rate was 53.6 % in the RES-lips monoherapy group and 29.2 % and in the sorafenib monotherapy group, and no animals achieved CR. Additionally, the current combination therapy promoted the proliferation of unactivated splenic lymphocytes and the proliferation of soybean protein A- and lipopolysaccharide-stimulated lymphocytes compared with PBS or monotherapy treatments. Further western blotting analysis suggested that RES-lips may enhance the resistance of RCC to sorafenib by inhibiting PI3K-AKT-mTOR and VHL-HIF signaling pathways, ultimately augmenting the tumor growth inhibition effect of the combination therapy. RES-lips may improve the sorafenib resistance in RCC, and the underlying mechanism may be related to the regulation of PI3K-AKT-mTOR and VHL-HIF signaling pathways.

Point-of-care ultrasound in the diagnosis and treatment of Budd-Chiari syndrome: A rare case report and literature review.

Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is a life-threatening disease characterized by the partial or complete obstruction of hepatic venous outflow anywhere from the liver to the heart. In China, secondary BCS is rare. We present a case of secondary BCS caused by compression of the suprahepatic inferior vena cava (IVC), mainly due to local bile accumulation in the caudate lobe of the liver. This case highlights the scarcity of secondary BCS worldwide and the importance of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) in the diagnosis and treatment, especially in critical and comatose patients. Prompt diagnosis and recanalization with POCUS-guided puncture and drainage help improve patient prognosis.

Exploring the role of YBX3 in PEDV infection through the utilization of YBX3 knockout and overexpression cell lines.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is a highly contagious disease caused by the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), which results in significant economic losses. PEDV infection causes severe damage to the midgut barrier in the small intestine. YBX3, an important protein in tight junctions, promotes epithelial cell proliferation. However, its role in the process of PEDV infection remains unclear. In this study, we observed a significant increase in mRNA expression of YBX3 following PEDV infection. Additionally, the protein expression of YBX3 showed an initial increase followed by a decrease over time. Furthermore, treatment with 2% DSS resulted in a significant down-regulation of YBX3 mRNA and protein expression. Furthermore, we successfully generated knockout and overexpression cell lines of YBX3. Preliminary assays indicated that elevated expression of YBX3 inhibited the PEDV replication, while knockout of YBX3 had the opposite effect. In conclusion, our study has preliminarily revealed the functional role of YBX3 during PEDV infection. This finding lays the foundation for further investigation into its mechanism in future and also provides new insights into the mechanism of PEDV-host interactions.

Sarcopenia as a prognostic factor in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization plus sorafenib.

INTRODUCTION: Loss of skeletal muscle volume is an important aspect of sarcopenia in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients treated by surgical resection, transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE), or sorafenib. PURPOSE: This study determined the influence of sarcopenia and other laboratory results on survival in patients with HCC treated with TACE plus sorafenib. METHODS: The patients were divided into two groups based on the presence of sarcopenia. The skeletal muscle index was calculated by normalizing the cross-sectional muscle area at the L3 level on an abdominal computed tomography scan before embolization according to the patient's height. The clinical characteristics of the two groups were then compared. The progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates after treatment were determined. RESULTS: Sarcopenia was present in 75 of the 102 (74%) patients with HCC included in this study. The albumin, prealbumin, and cholinesterase levels were lower in those with sarcopenia. The OS (P = 0.001) and PFS (P = 0.008) were significantly prolonged in the nonsarcopenia group compared to the sarcopenia group. Sarcopenia, ECOG (≥2), and prealbumin (<180 mg/L) were significantly associated with PFS. Sarcopenia, ECOG (≥2), Child-Pugh B, BCLC stage C, prealbumin (<180 mg/L), and cholinesterase (<5,320 U/L) were significantly associated with OS. The prognostic factors for OS included sarcopenia, ECOG (≥2), and cholinesterase (<5,320 U/L), whereas only ECOG (≥2) was identified as a prognostic factor for PFS. CONCLUSION: Sarcopenia may be an indicator of poor clinical outcome in patients with HCC receiving TACE plus sorafenib.

Encapsulation of Pd Single-Atom Sites in Zeolite for Highly Efficient Semihydrogenation of Alkynes.

Palladium (Pd)-based single-atom catalysts (SACs) have shown outstanding selectivity for semihydrogenation of alkynes, but most Pd single sites coordinated with highly electronegative atoms (such as N, O, and S) of supports will result in a decrease in the electron density of Pd sites, thereby weakening the adsorption of reactants and reducing catalytic performance. Constructing a rich outer-shell electron environment of Pd single-atom sites by changing the coordination structure offers a novel opportunity to enhance the catalytic efficiency with excellent alkene selectivity. Therefore, in this work, we first propose the in situ preparation of isolated Pd sites encapsulated within Al/Si-rich ZSM-5 structure using the one-pot seed-assisted growth method. Pd1@ZSM-5 features Pd-O-Al/Si bonds, which can boost the domination of d-electron near the Fermi level, thereby promoting the adsorption of substrates on Pd sites and reducing the energy barrier for the semihydrogenation of alkynes. In semihydrogenation of phenylacetylene, Pd1@ZSM-5 catalyst performs the highest turnover frequency (TOF) value of 33582 molC═C/molPd/h with 96% selectivity of styrene among the reported heterogeneous catalysts and nearly 17-fold higher than that of the commercial Lindlar catalyst (1992 molC═C/molPd/h). This remarkable catalytic performance can be retained even after 6 cycles of usage. Particularly, the zeolitic confinement structure of Pd1@ZSM-5 enables precise shape-selective catalysis for alkyne reactants with a size less than 4.3 Å.

Atomic-Level Asymmetric Tuning of the Co1-N3P1 Catalyst for Highly Efficient N-Alkylation of Amines with Alcohols.

Despite the extensive development of non-noble metals for the N-alkylation of amines with alcohols, the exploitation of catalysts with high selectivity, activity, and stability still faces challenges. The controllable modification of single-atom sites through asymmetric coordination with a second heteroatom offers new opportunities for enhancing the intrinsic activity of transition metal single-atom catalysts. Here, we prepared the asymmetric N/P hybrid coordination of single-atom Co1-N3P1 by absorbing the Co-P complex on ZIF-8 using a concise impregnation-pyrolysis process. The catalyst exhibits ultrahigh activity and selectivity in the N-alkylation of aniline and benzyl alcohol, achieving a turnover number (TON) value of 3480 and a turnover frequency (TOF) value of 174-h. The TON value is 1 order of magnitude higher than the reported catalysts and even 37-fold higher than that of the homogeneous catalyst CoCl2(PPh3)2. Furthermore, the catalyst maintains its high activity and selectivity even after 6 cycles of usage. Controlling experiments and isotope labeling experiments confirm that in the asymmetric Co1-N3P1 system, the N-alkylation of aniline with benzyl alcohol proceeds via a transfer hydrogenation mechanism involving the monohydride route. Theoretical calculations prove that the superior activity of asymmetric Co1-N3P1 is attributed to the higher d-band energy level of Co sites, which leads to a more stable four-membered ring transition state and a lower reaction energy barrier compared to symmetrical Co1-N4.

Ratiometric fluorescence and smartphone-assisted sensing platform based on dual-emission carbon dots for brilliant blue detection.

In this study, an innovative ratiometric fluorescence and smartphone-assisted visual sensing platform based on blue-yellow dual-emission carbon dots (BY-CDs) was constructed for the first time to determine brilliant blue. The BY-CDs was synthesized via a facile one-step hydrothermal process involving propyl gallate and o-phenylenediamine. The synthesized BY-CDs exhibit favorable water solubility and exceptional fluorescence stability. Under excitation at 370 nm, BY-CDs show two distinguishable fluorescence emission bands (458 and 558 nm). Upon addition of brilliant blue, the fluorescence intensity at 558 nm exhibited a significant quenching effect attributed to fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), while the fluorescence intensity at 458 nm was basically unchanged. The prepared BY-CDs can effectively serve as a ratiometric nanosensor for determining brilliant blue with the ratio of fluorescence intensities at 458 and 558 nm (F458/F558) as response signal. In addition, the developed ratiometric fluorescence sensor exhibits a noticeable alteration in color from yellow to green under UV light with a wavelength of 365 nm upon addition of varying concentrations of brilliant blue, which provides the possibility of visual detection of brilliant blue by a smartphone application. Finally, the BY-CDs based dual-mode sensing platform successfully detected brilliant blue in actual food samples and achieved a desirable recovery rate. This study highlights the merits of fast, convenient, economical, real-time, visual, high accuracy, excellent precision, good selectivity and high sensitivity for brilliant blue detection, and paves new paths for the monitoring of brilliant blue in real samples.

Unveiling the link between ACR TI-RADS grading and Bethesda score of thyroid nodules in diabetic patients: A comprehensive analysis.

This study aimed to explores the factors influencing thyroid nodules (TNs) in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and evaluates the consistency between different American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (ACR TI-RADS) grades and Bethesda scores. Total of 642 T2DM patients were divided into TN group (245) and control group (397) based on the presence or absence of TNs. TN patients were further categorized into ACR TI-RADS classification (TR) 1 to 4 and TR5 subgroups. Diabetes-related clinical and biochemical parameters were collected, and differences were analyzed using univariate analysis. Logistic regression analysis was utilized to pinpoint independent influencing factors for TN occurrence and different TN classifications. Consequently, age, body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma glucose level (FBGL), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), diabetic progression, and family history of TNs emerged as independent risk factors for TN development in T2DM patients. Additionally, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), nodule diameter, and family history of TNs were identified as independent risk factors for TR5 TN development in T2DM patients. All TR1 to 2 nodules had a Bethesda score of 2 and all showed benign pathological findings. In 97.10% of cases (67/69), nodules classified as TR3 exhibited a Bethesda score of 2, with all pathological results indicating benign findings, aligning with the Bethesda score. In addition, the concordance between TR4 nodules and Bethesda score was only 78.57% (88/112). In conclusion, TNs and their malignancy in T2DM patients are significantly linked to blood glucose and lipid metabolism indexes. TR3 classification in T2DM patients poses a low malignancy risk, suggesting caution when conducting fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) testing.

Meta-Analysis on the Therapeutic Effect of Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization Combined with Portal Vein Embolization.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of the study was to conduct a systematic review to explore the therapeutic effect of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with portal vein embolization (PVE) for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: Chinese and English databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang database, and VIP database) were searched from database inception to August 15, 2023. Studies comparing TACE combined with PVE versus TACE alone for patients with HCC were included. The degree of heterogeneity was assessed using I2 statistics and a Q test. The effect size was represented by risk ratio and mean difference (MD), and the effect size range was estimated using a 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS: Eight eligible studies were included in the systematic review, involving 689 participants. The results showed that the future liver residual (FLR) of patients treated with TACE combined with PVE was significantly higher than that of those treated with PVE alone (MD = 3.99%; 95% CI: 1.03-6.94). Furthermore, compared with PVE alone, TACE combined with PVE had a positive effect on disease-free survival (odds ratio [OR] = 2.16; 95% CI: 1.20-3.88), recurrence rate (OR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.07-9.42), and complications (OR = 0.53; 95% CI: 0.30-0.96). There was no statistically significant impact on mortality with TACE combined with PVE treatment. CONCLUSION: The combination of TACE with PVE can significantly reduce the FLR of patients with HCC, with higher disease-free survival, lower recurrence rate, and fewer complications.

Optimizing focus: switchable modes and sub-diffraction spots in inverse circular Airy beams.

We report an experimental investigation into the tight-focusing characteristics of linearly polarized inverse circular Airy beams (ICABs). Our study reveals that tightly focused ICABs exhibit Bessel-like, needle-like, or dual foci profiles depending on whether the main ring's radius is smaller than, equal to, or larger than the critical radius. The emergence of the dual foci structure is attributed to the constrained entrance aperture of the microscope objective (MO). In contrast to traditional Gaussian beams (GBs), ICABs demonstrate remarkable advantages in terms of focal spot size. Notably, we observe a focal spot with a size of 245 nm, representing a 26.4% reduction compared to the diffraction limit. These unique properties open up promising avenues for potential applications in optical multi-plane particle trapping, conveying, and super-resolution optical imaging.

Population genetic analysis based on the polymorphisms mediated by transposons in the genomes of pig.

Transposable elements (TEs) mobility is capable of generating a large number of structural variants (SVs), which can have considerable potential as molecular markers for genetic analysis and molecular breeding in livestock. Our results showed that the pig genome contains mainly TE-SVs generated by short interspersed nuclear elements (51,873/76.49%), followed by long interspersed nuclear elements (11,131/16.41%), and more than 84% of the common TE-SVs (Minor allele frequency, MAF > 0.10) were validated to be polymorphic. Subsequently, we utilized the identified TE-SVs to gain insights into the population structure, resulting in clear differentiation among the three pig groups and facilitating the identification of relationships within Chinese local pig breeds. In addition, we investigated the frequencies of TEs in the gene coding regions of different pig groups and annotated the respective TE types, related genes, and functional pathways. Through genome-wide comparisons of Large White pigs and Chinese local pigs utilizing the Beijing Black pigs, we identified TE-mediated SVs associated with quantitative trait loci and observed that they were mainly involved in carcass traits and meat quality traits. Lastly, we present the first documented evidence of TE transduction in the pig genome.

Pd-Mn/NC Dual Single-Atomic Sites with Hollow Mesopores for the Highly Efficient Semihydrogenation of Phenylacetylene.

The direct pyrolysis of metal-zeolite imidazolate frameworks (M-ZIFs) has been widely recognized as the predominant approach for synthesizing atomically dispersed metal-nitrogen-carbon single-atom catalysts (M/NC-SACs), which have exhibited exceptional activity and selectivity in the semihydrogenation of acetylene. However, due to weak adsorption of reactants on the single site and restricted molecular diffusion, the semihydrogenation of large organic molecules (e.g., phenylacetylene) was greatly limited for M/NC-SACs. In this work, a dual single-atom catalyst (h-Pd-Mn/NC) with hollow mesopores was designed and prepared using a general host-guest strategy. Taking the semihydrogenation of phenylacetylene as an example, this catalyst exhibited ultrahigh activity and selectivity, which achieved a turnover frequency of 218 molC═CmolPd-1 min-1, 16-fold higher than that of the commercial Lindlar catalyst. The catalyst maintained high activity and selectivity even after 5 cycles of usage. The superior activity of h-Pd-Mn/NC was attributed to the 4.0 nm mesopore interface of the catalyst, which enhanced the diffusion of macromolecular reactants and products. Particularly, the introduction of atomically dispersed Mn with weak electronegativity in h-Pd-Mn/NC could drive the electron transfer from Mn to adjacent Pd sites and regulate the electronic structure of Pd sites. Meanwhile, the strong electronic coupling in Pd-Mn pairs enhanced the d-electron domination near the Fermi level and promoted the adsorption of phenylacetylene and H2 on Pd active sites, thereby reducing the energy barrier for the semihydrogenation of phenylacetylene.

The efficacy of progressive muscle relaxation training on cancer-related fatigue and quality of life in patients with cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies.

BACKGROUND: Cancer-related fatigue is one of the most common symptoms in cancer patients, usually accompanied by anxiety, depression and insomnia, which seriously affect patients' quality of life. Progressive muscle relaxation training is widely used for cancer-related fatigue, but the overall effect is unclear. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to summarize the evidence on the effects of progressive muscle relaxation training on cancer-related fatigue and quality of life in cancer patients. DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: Nine electronic databases (PubMed, Excerpta Medica Database (Embase), The Cochrane Library (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CENTRAL), Web of Science, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP) and Wanfang Database) were explored for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published before February 2023. This study was reported based on the PRISMA 2020 statement. The Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias assessment tool was used for methodological assessment, and the GRADE pro online assessment tool was used for evidence evaluation. The data were analyzed with the Review Manager 5.4 software. RESULTS: Twelve studies involving 1047 patients were included. Meta-analysis showed that progressive muscle relaxation training plus routine nursing produced more positive effects than routine nursing in improving cancer-related fatigue [SMD = -1.06, 95 % CI -1.49, -0.62, P < 0.00001], anxiety [SMD = -1.09, 95 % CI -1.40, -0.77, P < 0.00001], depression [SMD = -1.43, 95 % CI -1.76, -1.10, P < 0.00001], and quality of sleep [MD = -1.41, 95 % CI -1.74, -1.08, P < 0.00001]. However, there was no significant difference in improving quality of life [SMD = 0.27, 95 % CI -0.62, 1.15, P = 0.55]. Progressive resistance exercise plus routine nursing improved cancer-related fatigue more than progressive muscle relaxation training plus routine nursing [SMD = 1.11, 95 % CI 0.43, 1.78, P = 0.001]. There was low certainty of evidence that progressive muscle relaxation training improved cancer-related fatigue and quality of sleep, and the evidence that improved quality of life, anxiety and depression was very low. CONCLUSION: Current evidence suggested that progressive muscle relaxation training has the potential to improve cancer-related fatigue, anxiety, depression and quality of sleep in patients with cancer and is a low-load, simple exercise worthy of recommendation for cancer patients in fatigue state. Future research should focus on improving the methodological quality of randomized controlled trials to enhance the persuasive evidence of progressive muscle relaxation training efficacy.

Boosting Efficient and Sustainable Alkaline Water Oxidation on a W-CoOOH-TT Pair-Sites Catalyst Synthesized via Topochemical Transformation.

The development of facile methods for constructing highly active, cost-effective catalysts that meet ampere-level current density and durability requirements for an oxygen evolution reaction is crucial. Herein, a general topochemical transformation strategy is posited: M-Co9S8 single-atom catalysts (SACs) are directly converted into M-CoOOH-TT (M = W, Mo, Mn, V) pair-sites catalysts under the role of incorporating of atomically dispersed high-valence metals modulators through potential cycling. Furthermore, in situ X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy is used to track the dynamic topochemical transformation process at the atomic level. The W-Co9S8 breaks through the low overpotential of 160 mV at 10 mA cm-2. A series of pair-site catalysts exhibit a large current density of approaching 1760 mA cm-2 at 1.68 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) in alkaline water oxidation and achieve a ≈240-fold enhancement in the normalized intrinsic activity compare to that reported CoOOH, and sustainable stability of 1000 h. Moreover, the O─O bond formation is confirmed via a two-site mechanism, supported by in situ synchrotron radiation infrared and density functional theory (DFT) simulations, which breaks the limit of adsorption-energy scaling relationship on conventional single-site.