Hollow Core-Shelled Na4Fe2.4Ni0.6(PO4)2P2O7 with Tiny-Void Space Capable Fast-Charge and Low-Temperature Sodium Storage.

Iron-based mixed polyanion phosphate Na4Fe3(PO4)2P2O7 (NFPP) is recognized as a promising cathode for Sodium-ion Batteries (SIBs) due to its low cost and environmental friendliness. However, its inherent low conductivity and sluggish Na+ diffusion limit fast charge and low-temperature sodium storage. This study pioneers a scalable synthesis of hollow core-shelled Na4Fe2.4Ni0.6(PO4)2P2O7 with tiny-void space (THoCS-0.6Ni) via a one-step spray-drying combined with calcination process due to the different viscosity, coordination ability, molar ratios, and shrinkage rates between citric acid and polyvinylpyrrolidone. This unique structure with interconnected carbon networks ensures rapid electron transport and fast Na+ diffusion, as well as efficient space utilization for relieve volume expansion. Incorporating regulation of lattice structure by doping Ni heteroatom to effectively improve intrinsic electron and Na+ diffusion path and energy barrier, which achieves fast charge and low-temperature sodium storage. As a result, THoCS-0.6Ni exhibits superior rate capability (86.4 mAh g-1 at 25 C). Notably, THoCS-0.6Ni demonstrates exceptional cycling stability at -20 °C with a capacity of 43.6 mAh g-1 after 2500 cycles at 5 C. This work provides a universal strategy to design the hollow core-shelled structure with tiny-void space cathode materials for reversible batteries with fast-charge and low-temperature storage features.

Sodium alginate/gelatin hydrogel spheres loaded with Fructus Ligustri Lucidi essential oil: Preparation, characterization and biological activity.

The application of plant essential oils in the food industry is often hindered by their poor water solubility and high volatilize. Encapsulation has emerged as an effective solution to this problem. This study focuses on the preparation of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi essential oil gel spheres (FEOH) based sodium alginate and gelatin. The optimum formulation for FEOH was established by Box-Behnken Design response surface testing, resulting in a composition of 10 % FEO, 5 % TW20 and 2 % CaCl2. This formulation achieved an encapsulation efficiency of 85.56 %. FTIR and SEM results indicated the successful encapsulation of FEO within the gel spheres. Furthermore, DSC and TGA results showed that encapsulation enhanced the thermal stability of the essential oil. At room temperature, the water content of FEOH exceeded 90 %, and it showed the highest swelling ratio of 62.5 % in an alkaline medium at different pH conditions. The in vitro release behavior showed that FEOH was released up to 85.28 % in oil-based food simulants within 2 h. FEOH showed strong antibacterial activity, with a Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 128 mg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus and 256 mg/mL against Escherichia coli. The gel spheres obtained in this research show significant potential as food preservatives in food matrices.

Silver-palladium bimetallic nanoparticles stabilized by elm pod polysaccharide with peroxidase-like properties for glutathione detection and photothermal anti-tumor ability.

Noble metal nanoparticles show good application prospects in biosensors and anti-tumor drug research. Herein, the near-spherical silver­palladium bimetallic nanoparticles supported by elm pod polysaccharide (EPP-AgPd1.5 NPs) were prepared by using the elm pod polysaccharide (EPP). EPP acts as a stabilizer and reducing agent due to its water solubility and weak reducing ability. The particle size of EPP-AgPd1.5 NPs was 33.6 ± 5.5 nm. In addition, EPP-AgPd1.5 NPs had peroxidase-like activity to catalyze 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to oxidized TMB by catalyzing H2O2 to OH. Based on the peroxidase-like activity of EPP-AgPd1.5 NPs, a method for detecting glutathione was established, and the detection limit and linear range of glutathione concentration were 0.279 µM and 0-400 µM, respectively. More importantly, the photothermal conversion efficiency of EPP-AgPd1.5 NPs reached 39.7 %, and their inhibition rate in HeLa cells reached 69.9 %. Silver­palladium bimetallic nanoparticles stabilized by EPP had good performance in glutathione detection and anti-tumor drugs.

Acyltransferase zinc finger DHHC-type containing 2 aggravates gastric carcinoma growth by targeting Nrf2 signaling: A mechanism-based multicombination bionic nano-drug therapy.

The significant regulatory role of palmitoylation modification in cancer-related targets has been demonstrated previously. However, the biological functions of Nrf2 in stomach cancer and whether the presence of Nrf2 palmitoylation affects gastric cancer (GC) progression and its treatment have not been reported. Several public datasets were used to look into the possible link between the amount of palmitoylated Nrf2 and the progression and its outcome of GC in patients. The palmitoylated Nrf2 levels in tumoral and peritumoral tissues from GC patients were also evaluated. Both loss-of-function and gain-of-function via transgenic experiments were performed to study the effects of palmitoylated Nrf2 on carcinogenesis and the pharmacological function of 2-bromopalmitate (2-BP) on the suppression of GC progression in vitro and in vitro. We discovered that Nrf2 was palmitoylated in the cytoplasmic domain, and this lipid posttranslational modification causes Nrf2 stabilization by inhibiting ubiquitination, delaying Nrf2 destruction via the proteasome and boosting nuclear translocation. Importantly, we also identify palmitoyltransferase zinc finger DHHC-type palmitoyltransferase 2 (DHHC2) as the primary acetyltransferase required for the palmitoylated Nrf2 and indicate that the suppression of Nrf2 palmitoylation via 2-bromopalmitate (2-BP), or the knockdown of DHHC2, promotes anti-cancer immunity in vitro and in mice model-bearing xenografts. Of note, based on the antineoplastic mechanism of 2-BP, a novel anti-tumor drug delivery system ground 2-BP and oxaliplatin (OXA) dual-loading gold nanorods (GNRs) with tumor cell membrane coating biomimetic nanoparticles (CM@GNRs-BO) was established. In situ photothermal therapy is done using near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation to help release high-temperature-triggered drugs from the CM@GNRs-BO reservoir when needed. This is done to achieve photothermal/chemical synergistic therapy. Our findings show the influence and linkage of palmitoylated Nrf2 with tumoral and peritumoral tissues in GC patients, the underlying mechanism of palmitoylated Nrf2 in GC progression, and novel possible techniques for addressing Nrf2-associated immune evasion in cancer growth. Furthermore, the bionic nanomedicine developed by us has the characteristics of dual drugs delivery, homologous tumor targeting, and photothermal and chemical synergistic therapy, and is expected to become a potential platform for cancer treatment.

KBTBD2 promotes proliferation and migration of gastric cancer via activating EGFR signaling pathway.

BACKGROUND: To explore the role of Kelch repeat and BTB (POZ) domain containing 2 (KBTBD2) in Gastric cancer(GC) via studying the level of KBTBD2 and its impact on GC cells and mice model. METHODS: Expression of KBTBD2 in GC was analyzed by analysis of TCGA data, Western blotting and Real-time quantitative polymerasechain reaction (RT-qPCR). The role of KBTBD2 on GC cells proliferation, viability, invasion, migration and apoptosis in vitro were assessed by using western blotting，RT-qPCR，CCK-8, EDU, Colony Formation Assay, Wound healing assay, Transwell, JC-1 mitochondrial membrane potential and flow cytometry assay, respectively. And levels of Bcl-2, BAX, PARP, E-cadherin, Vimentin, N-cadherin, EGFR, SOS1, NROS, BRAF,ERK1/2 and GAPDH were tested by western blotting. Relation of KBTBD2 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was predicted by KEGG analysis. KBTBD2 gene GSEA enrichment was analyzed by using R language. Moreover, CCK-8, western blotting, and wound healing assays were used to verify the correlation of KBTBD2 and EGFR pathway. Finally, tumor growth in mice was also investigated. Cells proliferation, migration and apoptosis were detected by Ki67 staining, Tunnel staining and mouse lung metastasis model. RESULTS: KBTBD2 was highly expressed in GC, and was related to poor prognosis. Moreover, silencing KBTBD2 suppressed GC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, while also inhibited the EMT, but promoted apoptosis. At the same time, KBTBD2 overexpression showed opposite results. In addition, KBTBD2 regulated the EGFR pathway. Further, silencing KBTBD2 inhibited tumor growth, cell proliferation and migration but promoted apoptosis in vivo, and KBTBD2 overexpression showed opposite results. CONCLUSIONS: KBTBD2 was highly expressed in GC. KBTBD2 promotes the progress of GC by activating EGFR signal pathway. KBTBD2 may thus be a novel target for treating GC.

ZnO-ZnS Heterostructure as a Potent Photocatalyst in the Preparation of Some Substituted Chromenes and Remarkable Antigastrointestinal Cancer Activity.

The nanosized hybrid material ZnO-ZnS was synthesized using the well-known sol-gel method, as a simple and environmentally friendly procedure. The material was then characterized using various techniques including FESEM, TEM, UV-vis, DRS, EDS, XRD, and FT-IR. The characterization studies revealed the generation of ZnO-ZnS nanoparticles with a mean size of around 25 nm. Moreover, DRS analysis provided a band gap of 3.05 eV for this nanomaterial. The photocatalytic properties of the ZnO-ZnS heterojunction was investigated in the synthesis of some substituted chromenes under mild reaction conditions. The results showed that the prepared nanophotocatalyst exhibits significantly higher activity compared to its individual components (ZnO and ZnS) and provides 73-87% yield with 0.01 g of ZnO-ZnS after 30 min. In addition, the nanophotocatalyst demonstrated a high reusability in the desired condensation reaction. The enhanced photocatalytic activity of ZnO-ZnS can be attributed to the slower recombination of the electron-hole pairs in this semiconductor material. The reactive species OH•, •O2-, and h+ are believed to play important roles in the photocatalytic system. Furthermore, cellular toxicity of ZnO-ZnS nanoparticles was evaluated on HCT-116 human gastrointestinal cancer cell line by MTT assay. The results proved a distinct reduction of cell viability, proofing cytotoxicity of nanoparticles on the cancer cells. This study highlights the potential of the nanoparticles against gastrointestinal cancer.

Zwitterionic dendrimer self-assembled nanodrugs with high drug loading for enhanced anti-tumor ability.

Zwitterionic dendrimers have been used to construct many nanomedicines due to their ability to achieve controlled drug release, but their low drug loading content limits their application in nanodrug delivery. To solve this problem, the surface of second generation polypropylimine (G2 PPI) was modified with mercapturized paclitaxel (PTX-SH) and zwitterionic groups to prepare zwitterionic prodrug molecule (PPIMPC), and then zwitterionic dendrimer self-assembled nanodrugs (PPIMPC-DOX micelles) were prepared by incorporating doxorubicin (DOX) into the micelles. The DOX loading and paclitaxel (PTX) loading in PPIMPC-DOX micelles was 6.7% and 26.2%, respectively, and the total drug loading of PPIMPC-DOX was high to 32.9%. In addition, PPIMPC-DOX micelles showed enhanced cytotoxicity due to improved cell uptake of DOX. More importantly, the inhibition rate of tumor was much higher than free DOX. The zwitterionic property and high drug loading of PPIMPC-DOX micelles enhanced anti-tumor ability of chemotherapeutic drugs. The method of preparation of zwitterionic and high drug loading of nanodrugs shows good application prospects in the future.

Platinum nanoflowers stabilized with aloe polysaccharides for detection of organophosphorus pesticides in food.

Organophosphorus pesticides can inhibit the activity of acetylcholinesterase and cause neurological diseases. Therefore, it is crucial to establish an efficient and sensitive platform for organophosphorus pesticide detection. In this work, we extracted aloe polysaccharide (AP) from aloe vera with the number average molecular weight of 27760 Da and investigated its reducing property. We prepared aloe polysaccharide stabilized platinum nanoflowers (AP-Ptn NFs), their particle size ranges were 29.4-67.3 nm. Furthermore, AP-Ptn NFs exhibited excellent oxidase-like activity and the catalytic kinetics followed the typical Michaelis-Menten equation. They showed strong affinity for 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine substrates. More importantly, we developed a simple and effective strategy for the sensitive colorimetric detection of organophosphorus pesticides in food using biocompatible AP-Ptn NFs. The detection range was 0.5 µg/L - 140 mg/L, which was wider than many previously reported nanozyme detection systems. This colorimetric biosensor had good selectivity and good promise for bioassay analysis.

Vancomycin-Stabilized Platinum Nanoparticles with Oxidase-like Activity for Sensitive Dopamine Detection.

The development of efficient, reliable, and sensitive dopamine detection methods has attracted much attention. In this paper, vancomycin-stabilized platinum nanoparticles (Van-Ptn NPs, n = 0.5, 1, 2) were prepared by the biological template method, where n represented the molar ratio of vancomycin to Pt. The results show that Van-Pt2 NPs had oxidase-like activity and peroxidase-like activity, and the mechanism was due to the generation of reactive oxygen 1O2 and OH. Van-Pt2 NPs exhibited good temperature stability, storage stability, and salt solution stability. Furthermore, Van-Pt2 NPs had almost no cytotoxicity to A549 cells. More importantly, the colorimetric detection of DA in human serum samples was performed based on the oxidase-like activity of Van-Pt2 NPs. The linear range of DA detection was 10-700 µM, and the detection limit was 0.854 µM. This study establishes a rapid and reliable method for the detection of dopamine and extends the application of biosynthetic nanoparticles in the field of biosensing.

Platinum Palladium Bimetallic Nanozymes Stabilized with Vancomycin for the Sensitive Colorimetric Determination of L-cysteine.

Many diseases in the human body are related to the level of L-cysteine. Therefore, it is crucial to establish an efficient, simple and sensitive platform for L-cysteine detection. In this work, we synthesized platinum palladium bimetallic nanoparticles (Van-Ptm/Pdn NPs) using vancomycin hydrochloride (Van) as a stabilizer, which exhibited high oxidase-like catalytic activity. In addition, the catalytic kinetics of the Van-Pt1/Pd1 NPs followed the typical Michaelis-Menten equation, exhibiting a strong affinity for 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine substrates. More importantly, we developed a simple and effective strategy for the sensitive colorimetric detection of L-cysteine using biocompatible Van-Pt1/Pd1 NPs. The detection limit was low, at 0.07 µM, which was lower than the values for many previously reported enzyme-like detection systems. The colorimetric method of the L-cysteine assay had good selectivity. The established method for the detection of L-cysteine showed promise for biomedical analysis.

Biocompatible Palladium Nanoparticles Prepared Using Vancomycin for Colorimetric Detection of Hydroquinone.

Hydroquinone poses a major threat to human health and is refractory to degradation, so it is important to establish a convenient detection method. In this paper, we present a novel colorimetric method for the detection of hydroquinone based on a peroxidase-like Pd nanozyme. The vancomycin-stabilized palladium nanoparticles (Van-Pdn NPs, n = 0.5, 1, 2) were prepared using vancomycin as a biological template. The successful synthesis of Van-Pdn NPs (n = 0.5, 1, 2) was demonstrated by UV-vis spectrophotometry, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The sizes of Pd nanoparticles inside Van-Pd0.5 NPs, Van-Pd1 NPs, and Van-Pd2 NPs were 2.6 ± 0.5 nm, 2.9 ± 0.6 nm, and 4.3 ± 0.5 nm, respectively. Furthermore, Van-Pd2 NPs exhibited excellent biocompatibility based on the MTT assay. More importantly, Van-Pd2 NPs had good peroxidase-like activity. A reliable hydroquinone detection method was established based on the peroxidase-like activity of Van-Pd2 NPs, and the detection limit was as low as 0.323 µM. Therefore, vancomycin improved the peroxidase-like activity and biocompatibility of Van-Pd2 NPs. Van-Pd2 NPs have good application prospects in the colorimetric detection of hydroquinone.

Zwitterionic Targeting Doxorubicin -Loaded Micelles Assembled by Amphiphilic Dendrimers with Enhanced Antitumor Performance.

Chemotherapy is the main method of treating malignant tumors in clinical treatment. However, the commonly used chemotherapeutic drugs have the disadvantages of high biological toxicity, poor water solubility, low targeting ability, and high side effects. Zwitterionic micelles assembled by amphiphilic dendrimers modified with zwitterionic groups and targeting ligand should largely overcome these shortcomings. Herein, the zwitterionic group and targeting peptide c(RGDfC) were modified on the surface of generation 2 poly(propylene imine) dendrimers (G2 PPI), which was conjugated with hydrophobic N-(2-mercaptoethyl) oleamide to form amphiphilic dendrimers (PPIMYRC). PPIMYRC self-assembled into micelles with doxorubicin (DOX) loaded in the interior of micelles to prepare DOX-loaded micelles (PPIMYRC-DOX micelles). The PPIMYRC-DOX micelles had great stability in fibrinogen and pH-responsive drug release. Furthermore, PPIMYRC-DOX micelles had higher cellular uptake rates than free DOX, resulting in higher cytotoxicity of PPIMYRC-DOX micelles than that of free DOX. More importantly, PPIMYRC-DOX micelles inhibited tumors much better than free DOX. The tumor inhibition rate of PPIMYRC-DOX micelles was as high as 93%. Taken together, PPIMYRC-DOX micelles were assembled by amphiphilic dendrimers with the zwitterionic and targeting groups, which enhanced the therapeutic effect of DOX and reduced its side effects. The prepared targeting nanodrug has great potential for further application in antitumor therapy.

Pd nanoparticles stabilized by bitter gourd polysaccharide with peroxidase properties for H2O2 detection.

The development of nanozymes using noble metal nanoparticles to replace natural peroxidase in bio-related detection has been gain great interest. Noble metal nanoparticles with small size have large specific surface area. However, small noble metal nanoparticles tend to aggregate without stabilizer. In this paper, small Pd nanoparticles (3-6 nm) stabilized by bitter gourd polysaccharide (Pdn-BGP NPs) were prepared by using bitter gourd polysaccharide as reducing agent and stabilizing agent. Pd25-BGP NPs had peroxidase-like catalytic property. And the catalytic kinetics of Pd25-BGP NPs towards substrates conformed to the Michaelis-Menten equation. Furthermore, a method was established to detect H2O2 using Pd25-BGP NPs. The linear range and detection limit of this method was 20-320 µM and 2.04 µM, respectively. Finally, Pd25-BGP NPs had good biocompatibility when the concentration was less than 80 µg/mL. The prepared Pd nanoparticles with high stability showed their good prospect in H2O2 detection.

Loss of cancer-associated fibroblast-derived exosomal DACT3-AS1 promotes malignant transformation and ferroptosis-mediated oxaliplatin resistance in gastric cancer.

AIMS: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), as one of the components of exosomes derived from cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), exhibit a crucial role in the pathogenesis and chemoresistance of gastric cancer (GC). Herein, we investigated the role and mechanism of a novel lncRNA disheveled binding antagonist of beta catenin3 antisense1 (DACT3-AS1) and its involvement in GC. METHODS: DACT3-AS1 was identified by RNA-sequencing and verified by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The functional role of DACT3-AS1 in GC was evaluated using in vitro and in vivo experiments including Transwell assay, 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay, immunoblotting, and xenograft tumor mouse model. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to assess the association between genes. RESULTS: DACT3-AS1 was downregulated and involved in poor prognosis of patients with GC. The results from both in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that DACT3-AS1 suppressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion through targeting miR-181a-5p/sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) axis. Additionally, DACT3-AS1 was transmitted from CAFs to GC cells mainly via exosomes. Exosomal DACT3-AS1 alleviated xenograft tumor growth. DACT3-AS1 conferred sensitivity of cancer cells to oxaliplatin through SIRT1-mediated ferroptosis both in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS: CAFs-derived exosomal DACT3-AS1 is a suppressive regulator in malignant transformation and oxaliplatin resistance. DACT3-AS1 could be used for diagnosis and treatment of GC.

Zwitterionic Sulfhydryl Sulfobetaine Stabilized Platinum Nanoparticles for Enhanced Dopamine Detection and Antitumor Ability.

Herein, three kinds of molecules were used to modify the surface of platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) to tune their surface charge. Zwitterionic thiol-functionalized sulfobetaine (SH-SB) stabilized Pt NPs (SH-SB/Pt NPs) had the highest oxidase activity and peroxidase activity in the prepared platinum nanozymes due to the generation of reactive oxygen species. In addition, a colorimetric dopamine detection method was established based on the peroxidase activity of SH-SB/Pt NPs. This method had a wide range (0-120 µM), a low detection limit (0.244 µM), and high specificity. More importantly, SH-SB/Pt NPs displayed little hemolysis and good stability in the presence of proteins. SH-SB/Pt NPs demonstrated high cytotoxicity in vitro and good antitumor ability in vivo, which was attributed to the photothermal conversion ability of SH-SB/Pt NPs and the generation of reactive oxygen species in the acidic environment. The surface modification of nanozymes using zwitterionic molecules opens a new method to improve the catalytic activity and antitumor ability of nanozymes.

Polymyxin E biomineralized and doxorubicin-loaded gold nanoflowers nanodrug for chemo-photothermal therapy.

Gold nanoparticles are a kind of good photothermal agents. However, gold nanoparticle photothermal agents have low photothermal conversion efficiency and low tumor inhibiting ability. To overcome these problems, polymyxin E (PE) biomineralized and doxorubicin-loaded gold nanoflowers (DOX-SH@AuNFs) nanodrug was synthesized by the green synthesis method using the biological antimicrobial peptide PE as a stabilizer and grower of crystal seed, and doxorubicin-thiol (DOX-SH) was further loaded on the gold nanoparticles through the Au-S bond. The final DOX-SH@AuNFs displayed a wide absorption band in the UV-Vis spectra, and their photothermal conversion efficiency was 33.9%. Furthermore, the inhibition rate of DOX-SH@AuNFs on A549 cells was as high as 80.1% under the irradiation of near-infrared light at 808 nm. The tumor inhibition rate of DOX-SH@AuNFs was as high as 87.81% in vivo experiments. The high tumor suppression rate was attributed to the high photothermal conversion ability of DOX-SH@AuNFs and the delivery of doxorubicin. Taken together, the method of preparing DOX-SH@AuNFs provides a new idea for the treatment of cancer by photothermal therapy and chemotherapy synergistic system.

Daptomycin-Biomineralized Silver Nanoparticles for Enhanced Photothermal Therapy with Anti-Tumor Effect.

Silver nanoparticles as photothermal agents have the problems of low stability and low photothermal conversion efficiency. Amphiphilic daptomycin can improve the stability of silver nanoparticles, thereby improving their photothermal conversion efficiency. Herein, daptomycin-biomineralized silver nanoparticles (Dap-AgNPs) were prepared by reducing silver nitrate with sodium borohydride in the presence of daptomycin as a stabilizer and biomineralizer. The Dap-AgNPs had good solution stability and peroxidase-like activity. Furthermore, the photothermal conversion efficiency of the Dap-AgNPs was as high as 36.8%. The Dap-AgNPs displayed good photothermal stability under irradiation. More importantly, the Dap-AgNPs showed good cell compatibility with HeLa cells and HT-29 cells without irradiation by 808-nanometer near-infrared light at a concentration of 0.5 mM, and the cell viability was greater than 85.0%. However, the Dap-AgNPs displayed significant anti-tumor ability with irradiation by 808-nanometer near-infrared light, which was due to the increasing temperature of the culture medium caused by the Dap-AgNPs. In conclusion, Dap-AgNPs have potential applications as photothermal agents in the treatment of tumors.

Long-circulation zwitterionic dendrimer nanodrugs for phototherapy of tumors.

The development of stealth and effective antitumor nanodrugs has been drawing great attention. Herein, generation five poly(amide amine) dendrimer (G5 PAMAM) was modified by zwitterionic material carboxybetaine methacrylamide (CBMAA) on its surface to prepare zwitterionic dendrimer (G5-CBMAAn). The results showed that G5-CBMAA30 had the longest blood circulation time due to its thickest zwitterionic layer, and its residual rate after injection into mice at 2 and 12 h was as high as 47.22 % and 14.37 %, respectively. Nanodrug G5-CBMAA30-ICG was prepared by containing indocyanine green (ICG) in the cavity of G5-CBMAA30. G5-CBMAA30-ICG had better tumor targeting ability and antitumor effect than free ICG in mice after laser irradiation, and the tumor inhibition rate was 96.6 % after 14 days' treatment. The prepared G5-CBMAA30-ICG has great potential applications in the field of antitumor by phototherapy.

Lentinan stabilized bimetallic PdPt3 dendritic nanoparticles with enhanced oxidase-like property for L-cysteine detection.

The development of nanozymes with enhanced catalytic activity has been drawing great interest. Lentinan with special structure may be used to prepare bimetallic nanomaterials to enhance their catalytic activity. Herein, lentinan stabilized PdPt3 dendritic nanoparticles (PdPt3-LNT NDs) were prepared through reduction of Na2PdCl4 and K2PtCl4 with a molar ratio of 1:3 using lentinan as a biological template. PdPt3-LNT NDs had dendritic shape with size of 10.76 ± 1.82 nm. PdPt3-LNT NDs had the hydrodynamic size about 25.7 nm and the zeta potential between -1.4 mV and - 4.9 mV at different pH. Furthermore, PdPt3-LNT NDs catalyzed 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to produce oxidized TMB, suggesting their oxidase-like property. The catalytic activity of PdPt3-LNT NDs was the highest when pH was 4 and the temperature was 40 °C. The catalytic mechanism was the generation of reactive oxygen species- from O2 catalyzed by PdPt3-LNT NDs. More importantly, L-cysteine detection method was set up based on the oxidase-like property of PdPt3-LNT NDs. This method had wide linear range for 0-200 µM and low detection limit for 3.099 µM. Taken together, PdPt3-LNT NDs have good potential applications in bio-related detection in the future.