Genomic and functional divergence of Staphylococcus aureus strains from atopic dermatitis patients and healthy individuals: insights from global and local scales.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common chronic inflammatory skin disease worldwide and is characterized by a complex interplay with skin microbiota, with Staphylococcus aureus often abnormally more abundant in AD patients than in healthy individuals (HE). S. aureus harbors diverse strains with varied genetic compositions and functionalities, which exhibit differential connections with the severity of AD. However, the differences in S. aureus strains between AD and HE remain unclear, with most variations seen at a specific geographic level, implying spontaneous adaptations rather than systematic distinctions. This study presents genomic and functional differences between these S. aureus strains from AD and HE on both global and local levels. We observed reduced gene content diversity but increased functional variation in the global AD-associated strains. Two additional AD-dominant clusters emerged, with Cluster 1 enriched in transposases and Cluster 2 showcasing genes linked to adaptability and antibiotic resistance. Particularly, robust evidence illustrates that the lantibiotic operon of S. aureus, involved in the biosynthesis of lantibiotics, was acquired via horizontal gene transfer from environmental bacteria. Comparisons of the gene abundance profiles in functional categories also indicate limited zoonotic potential between human and animal isolates. Local analysis mirrored global gene diversity but showed distinct functional variations between AD and HE strains. Overall, this research provides foundational insights into the genomic evolution, adaptability, and antibiotic resistance of S. aureus, with significant implications for clinical microbiology.IMPORTANCEOur study uncovers significant genomic variations in Staphylococcus aureus strains associated with atopic dermatitis. We observed adaptive evolution tailored to the disease microenvironment, characterized by a smaller pan-genome than strains from healthy skin both on the global and local levels. Key functional categories driving strain diversification include "replication and repair" and "transporters," with transposases being pivotal. Interestingly, the local strains predominantly featured metal-related genes, whereas global ones emphasized antimicrobial resistances, signifying scale-dependent diversification nuances. We also pinpointed horizontal gene transfer events, indicating interactions between human-associated and environmental bacteria. These insights expand our comprehension of S. aureus's genetic adaptation in atopic dermatitis, yielding valuable implications for clinical approaches.

Dietary human milk oligosaccharides reduce allergic airway inflammation by modulating SCFAs level and ILC2 activity.

Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) play a crucial role in the progression of asthma, yet the regulatory mechanisms modulating ILC2 responses in asthma remain underexplored. Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), vital non-nutritive components of breast milk, are known to significantly shape immune system development and influence the incidence of allergic diseases. However, their impact on ILC2-driven asthma is not fully understood. Our research reveals that dietary HMOs act as potent inhibitors of ILC2 responses and allergic airway inflammation. Treatment with 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL) and 6'-sialyllactose (6'-SL) significantly reduced ILC2-related airway inflammation induced by papain or Alternaria alternata in mice, evidenced by decreased eosinophil (EOS) infiltration and lower IL-5 and IL-13 levels in BALF. Notably, while ILC2 expresses HMO receptors, HMO did not act directly on ILC2 but potentially modulated their activity through alterations in gut microbiota derived SCFAs. HMO treatments alleviated airway inflammation in SCFA-dependent manners, with SCFA depletion or receptor blocking reversing these beneficial effects. This study reveals the potential of dietary HMOs in managing asthma through modulation of ILC2 activity and the gut-lung axis, proposing a new therapeutic avenue that utilises the immunomodulatory capacities of nutritional components to combat respiratory diseases.

Application of whole exome sequencing in carrier screening for high-risk families without probands.

Purpose: This study aimed to screen the genetic etiology for the high-risk families including those with an adverse pregnancy history, a history of consanguineous marriages, or a history of genetic diseases, but lack of proband via whole exome sequencing (WES). Methods: 128 individuals from high-risk family were tested by WES. The candidate variants were analyzed according to the ACMG criteria to screen the potential carriers. At-risk couples (ARCs) who harbored the same causative gene were provided with precise fertility guidance to avoid the birth of children with birth defects. Results: The total detection rate was 36.72%, with pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) variants found in 47 individuals, and variants of uncertain significance (VUS) were found in 34. Among couples with adverse pregnancy history: P/LP variants were found in 38 individuals, and VUS were found in 26, for a detection rate of 34.55%; among members of family history of genetic disease or consanguineous marriages: P/LP variants were found in nine individuals, and VUS were found in 8, for a detection rate of 50.00%. Otherwise, we detected 19 ARCs who both carried P/LP variants in the same gene, with a theoretical offspring prevalence of up to 7.42%. Conclusion: In the absence of probands, carrier screening using WES can provide an efficient tool for screening the molecular etiology of high-risk families.

Distinct prophage gene profiles of Staphylococcus aureus strains from atopic dermatitis patients and healthy individuals.

Staphylococcus aureus strains exhibit varying associations with atopic dermatitis (AD), but the genetic determinants underpinning the pathogenicity are yet to be fully characterized. To reveal the genetic differences between S. aureus strains from AD patients and healthy individuals (HE), we developed and employed a random forest classifier to identify potential marker genes responsible for their phenotypic variations. The classifier was able to effectively distinguish strains from AD and HE. We also uncovered strong links between certain marker genes and phage functionalities, with phage holin emerging as the most pivotal differentiating factor. Further examination of S. aureus gene content highlighted the genetic diversity and functional implications of prophages in driving differentiation between strains from AD and HE. The HE group exhibited greater gene content diversity, largely influenced by their prophages. While strains from both AD and HE universally housed prophages, those in the HE group were distinctively higher at the strain level. Moreover, although prophages in the HE group exhibited variously higher enrichment of differential functions, the AD group displayed a notable enrichment of virulence factors within their prophages, underscoring the important contribution of prophages to the pathogenesis of AD-associated strains. Overall, prophages significantly shape the genetic and functional profiles of S. aureus strains, shedding light on their pathogenic potential and elucidating the mechanisms behind the phenotypic variations in AD and HE environments. IMPORTANCE: Through a nuanced exploration of Staphylococcus aureus strains obtained from atopic dermatitis (AD) patients and healthy controls (HE), our research unveils pivotal genetic determinants influencing their pathogenic associations. Utilizing a random forest classifier, we illuminate distinct marker genes, with phage holin emerging as a critical differential factor, revealing the profound impact of prophages on genetic and pathogenic profiles. HE strains exhibited a diverse gene content, notably shaped by unique, heightened prophages. Conversely, AD strains emphasized a pronounced enrichment of virulence factors within prophages, signifying their key role in AD pathogenesis. This work crucially highlights prophages as central architects of the genetic and functional attributes of S. aureus strains, providing vital insights into pathogenic mechanisms and phenotypic variations, thereby paving the way for targeted AD therapeutic approaches and management strategies by demystifying specific genetic and pathogenic mechanisms.

Green and efficient synthesis of dibenzyl cyanamides and ureas with cyanamide as a block.

A method for the two-step synthesis of dibenzyl cyanamide and dibenzyl urea via cyanamide is presented. This approach is both efficient and environmentally friendly. Various N,N-dibenzyl ureas could be obtained by reactions of N,N-dibenzyl cyanamides and N,N-dibenzyl cyanamides as intermediates formed from cyanamide. In the absence of metal, ligand and hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant, products with moderate yields have been obtained under mild conditions. Key features include the use of widely available and easily handled cyanamide sources as starting materials.

Elastic Polyurethane as Stress-Redistribution-Adhesive-Layer (SRAL) for Directly Integrated High-Energy-Density Flexible Batteries.

The low mechanical reliability and integration failure are key challenges hindering the commercialization of geometrically flexible batteries. This work proposes that the failure of directly integrating flexible batteries using traditional rigid adhesives is primarily due to the mismatch between the generated stress at the adhesive/substrate interface, and the maximum allowable stress. Accordingly, a stress redistribution adhesive layer (SRAL) strategy is conceived by using elastic adhesive to redistribute the generated stress. The function mechanism of the SRAL strategy is confirmed by theoretical finite element analysis. Experimentally, a polyurethane (PU) type elastic adhesive (with maximum strain of 1425%) is synthesized and used as the SRAL to integrate rigid cells on different flexible substrates to fabricate directly integrated flexible battery with robust output under various harsh environments, such as stretching, twisting, and even bending in water. The SRAL strategy is expected to be generally applicable in various flexible devices that involve the integration of rigid components onto flexible substrates.

Atomic-scale visualization of the interlayer Rydberg exciton complex in moiré heterostructures.

Excitonic systems, facilitated by optical pumping, electrostatic gating or magnetic field, sustain composite particles with fascinating physics. Although various intriguing excitonic phases have been revealed via global measurements, the atomic-scale accessibility towards excitons has yet to be established. Here, we realize the ground-state interlayer exciton complexes through the intrinsic charge transfer in monolayer YbCl3/graphite heterostructure. Combining scanning tunneling microscope and theoretical calculations, the excitonic in-gap states are directly profiled. The out-of-plane excitonic charge clouds exhibit oscillating Rydberg nodal structure, while their in-plane arrangements are determined by moiré periodicity. Exploiting the tunneling probe to reflect the shape of charge clouds, we reveal the principal quantum number hierarchy of Rydberg series, which points to an excitonic energy-level configuration with unusually large binding energy. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of mapping out the charge clouds of excitons microscopically and pave a brand-new way to directly investigate the nanoscale order of exotic correlated phases.

Realizing Lean-Leachate Recycling of Spent Lithium Nickel Oxides by Dynamically Stabilizing the Hole-Mediated Diffusion Kinetics.

While hydrometallurgy is the primary technology for recycling spent lithium-ion batteries due to various advantages, it still involves substantial consumption of chemical reagents and poses challenges in wastewater emission. Herein, we report the realization of cathode recycling under lean-leachate conditions by dynamically stabilizing hole-mediated diffusion kinetics, which is enabled by synchronizing the extraction step during the leaching stage, thus continuously removing the dissolved ions out of the leachate. Theoretical molecular dynamics simulations predict that preventing the accumulation of the dissolved ions is efficient for keeping the leaching process proceeding. Experimentally, even with a small dosage of leachate (0.5 mL), a 94.51% leaching efficiency can be achieved (90 °C, 40 min) for spent LNO materials. Considering that our strategy is not limited to a specific materials system, it could be extended to recycle other valuable materials (including LCO or NCM 811) with minimal leachate usage.

Molecular simulations guide immobilization of lipase on nest-like ZIFs with regulatable hydrophilic/hydrophobic surface.

The catalytic performance of immobilized lipase is greatly influenced by functional support, which attracts growing interest for designing supports to achieve their promotive catalytic activity. Many lipases bind strongly to hydrophobic surfaces where they undergo interfacial activation. Herein, the behavioral differences of lipases with distinct lid structures on interfaces of varying hydrophobicity levels were firstly investigated by molecular simulations. It was found that a reasonable hydrophilic/hydrophobic surface could facilitate the lipase to undergo interfacial activation. Building on these findings, a novel "nest"-like superhydrophobic ZIFs (ZIFN) composed of hydrophobic ligands was prepared for the first time and used to immobilize lipase from Aspergillus oryzae (AOL@ZIFN). The AOL@ZIFN exhibited 2.0-folds higher activity than free lipase in the hydrolysis of p-Nitrophenyl palmitate (p-NPP). Especially, the modification of superhydrophobic ZIFN with an appropriate amount of hydrophilic tannic acid can significantly improve the activity of the immobilized lipase (AOL@ZIFN-TA). The AOL@ZIFN-TA exhibited 30-folds higher activity than free lipase, and still maintained 82% of its initial activity after 5 consecutive cycles, indicating good reusability. These results demonstrated that nanomaterials with rational arrangement of the hydrophilic/hydrophobic surface could facilitate the lipase to undergo interfacial activation and improve its activity, displaying the potential of the extensive application.

Prevalence and Clustering of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors among Adults Along the Lancang-Mekong River: A Cross-Sectional Study from Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

Background: Progress in cardiovascular health is increasingly concentrated in high-income countries, while the burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is high in low- and middle-income countries, a clear health inequity that must be urgently addressed. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and clustering of CVD risk factors in the three Lancang-Mekong regions. Methods: We conducted a population-based cross-sectional survey from January 2021 to March 2023 in China, Laos, and Cambodia. We compared the prevalence and clustering of CVD risk factors-including hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, overweight/obesity, current smoking status, current drinking status, inadequate vegetable and fruit intake, and insufficient physical activity-across the three regions, further stratifying the data by gender and age. Multivariate logistic regression models were performed to explore factors influencing the aggregation of CVD risk factors (≥2, ≥3, ≥4). Results: A total of 11,005 adults were included in the study. Hypertension emerged as the primary metabolic risk factor in Laos (36.8%) and Cambodia (23.5%), whereas overweight/obesity was the primary risk factor in China (37.6%). In terms of behavioral risk factors, participants in all three regions showed insufficient vegetable and fruit intake. The prevalence of individuals without CVD risk factors was 10% in China, 1.9% in Laos, and 5.2% in Cambodia. Meanwhile, the prevalence of two or more risk factors was 64.6% in China, 79.2% in Laos, and 76.0% in Cambodia. Multivariate logistic regression models revealed that the propensity for CVD risk factors clustering was higher in men and increased with age in all three countries. Conclusions: CVD risk factors and multiple clustering are pressing health threats among adults in low- and middle-income areas along the Lancang-Mekong River Basin. This study highlights the urgent need for proactive tailored strategies to control CVD risk factors.

Height and body surface area versus wall stress for stratification of mid-term outcomes in ascending aortic aneurysm.

Objectives: Current diameter-based guidelines for ascending thoracic aortic aneurysms (aTAA) do not consistently predict risk of dissection/rupture. ATAA wall stresses may enhance risk stratification independent of diameter. The relation of wall stresses and diameter indexed to height and body surface area (BSA) is unknown. Our objective was to compare aTAA wall stresses with indexed diameters in relation to all-cause mortality at 3.75 years follow-up. Methods: Finite element analyses were performed in a veteran population with aortas ≥ 4.0 cm. Three-dimensional geometries were reconstructed from computed tomography with models accounting for pre-stress geometries. A fiber-embedded hyperelastic material model was applied to obtain wall stress distributions under systolic pressure. Peak wall stresses were compared across guideline thresholds for diameter/BSA and diameter/height. Hazard ratios for all-cause mortality and surgical aneurysm repair were estimated using cause-specific Cox proportional hazards models. Results: Of 253 veterans, 54 (21 %) had aneurysm repair at 3.75 years. Indexed diameter alone would have prompted repair at baseline in 17/253 (6.7 %) patients, including only 4/230 (1.7 %) with diameter < 5.5 cm. Peak wall stresses did not significantly differ across guideline thresholds for diameter/BSA (circumferential: p = 0.15; longitudinal: p = 0.18), but did differ for diameter/height (circumferential: p = 0.003; longitudinal: p = 0.048). All-cause mortality was independently associated with peak longitudinal stresses (p = 0.04). Peak longitudinal stresses were best predicted by diameter (c-statistic = 0.66), followed by diameter/height (c-statistic = 0.59), and diameter/BSA (c-statistic = 0.55). Conclusions: Diameter/height improved stratification of peak wall stresses compared to diameter/BSA. Peak longitudinal stresses predicted all-cause mortality independent of age and indexed diameter and may aid risk stratification for aTAA adverse events.

(Pan)genomic analysis of two Rhodococcus isolates and their role in phenolic compound degradation.

The genus Rhodococcus is recognized for its potential to degrade a large range of aromatic substances, including plant-derived phenolic compounds. We used comparative genomics in the context of the broader Rhodococcus pan-genome to study genomic traits of two newly described Rhodococcus strains (type-strain Rhodococcus pseudokoreensis R79T and Rhodococcus koreensis R85) isolated from apple rhizosphere. Of particular interest was their ability to degrade phenolic compounds as part of an integrated approach to treat apple replant disease (ARD) syndrome. The pan-genome of the genus Rhodococcus based on 109 high-quality genomes was open with a small core (1.3%) consisting of genes assigned to basic cell functioning. The range of genome sizes in Rhodococcus was high, from 3.7 to 10.9 Mbp. Genomes from host-associated strains were generally smaller compared to environmental isolates which were characterized by exceptionally large genome sizes. Due to large genomic differences, we propose the reclassification of distinct groups of rhodococci like the Rhodococcus equi cluster to new genera. Taxonomic species affiliation was the most important factor in predicting genetic content and clustering of the genomes. Additionally, we found genes that discriminated between the strains based on habitat. All members of the genus Rhodococcus had at least one gene involved in the pathway for the degradation of benzoate, while biphenyl degradation was mainly restricted to strains in close phylogenetic relationships with our isolates. The ~40% of genes still unclassified in larger Rhodococcus genomes, particularly those of environmental isolates, need more research to explore the metabolic potential of this genus.IMPORTANCERhodococcus is a diverse, metabolically powerful genus, with high potential to adapt to different habitats due to the linear plasmids and large genome sizes. The analysis of its pan-genome allowed us to separate host-associated from environmental strains, supporting taxonomic reclassification. It was shown which genes contribute to the differentiation of the genomes based on habitat, which can possibly be used for targeted isolation and screening for desired traits. With respect to apple replant disease (ARD), our isolates showed genome traits that suggest potential for application in reducing plant-derived phenolic substances in soil, which makes them good candidates for further testing against ARD.

Gendered Parenting: Maternal Son Preference and Depressive Symptoms in Chinese Early Adolescents.

This study focused on the nuanced phenomenon of gendered parenting by exploring how maternal son preference is associated with depressive symptoms among Chinese early adolescents. Focusing on 1093 junior high school students from a relatively affluent city in Western China, this study examined the mediating roles of mother-child attachment and father-child attachment as well as the moderating role of school connectedness in the relationship between maternal son preference and depressive symptoms. The results revealed a noteworthy positive correlation between maternal son preference and depressive symptoms among female adolescents, with no significant association observed in males. In addition, mother-child attachment and father-child attachment mediated the relationship between maternal son preference and girls' depressive symptoms, supporting the "spillover effect" and "crossover effect". Moreover, a moderation effect analysis indicated that a higher level of school connectedness can buffer the effect of maternal son preference on girls' depressive symptoms, while a lower level of school connectedness can enhance the effect of maternal son preference on girls' depressive symptoms. In addition, maternal son preference was negatively correlated with boys' depressive symptoms in relation to high school connectedness. These insights help enhance people's understanding of gendered parenting, emphasizing the enduring necessity of addressing son preference within the broader context of promoting gender equality.

KMT-PLL: K-Means Cross-Attention Transformer for Partial Label Learning.

Partial label learning (PLL) studies the problem of learning instance classification with a set of candidate labels and only one is correct. While recent works have demonstrated that the Vision Transformer (ViT) has achieved good results when training from clean data, its applications to PLL remain limited and challenging. To address this issue, we rethink the relationship between instances and object queries to propose K-means cross-attention transformer for PLL (KMT-PLL), which can continuously learn cluster centers and be used for downstream disambiguation tasks. More specifically, K-means cross-attention as a clustering process can effectively learn the cluster centers to represent label classes. The purpose of this operation is to make the similarity between instances and labels measurable, which can effectively detect noise labels. Furthermore, we propose a new corrected cross entropy formulation, which can assign weights to candidate labels according to the instance-to-label relevance to guide the training of the instance classifier. As the training goes on, the ground-truth label is progressively identified, and the refined labels and cluster centers in turn help to improve the classifier. Simulation results demonstrate the advantage of the KMT-PLL and its suitability for PLL.

Identification of six novel mutations in EDA from 20 hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia families.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the genetic causes of 22 patients with clinically high suspicion of X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia from 20 unrelated Chinese families, expand the spectrum of ectodysplasin-A mutations, and provide more evidence for variants of uncertain significance. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Whole-exome sequencing was performed and potentially pathogenic variants were verified by Sanger sequencing. Western blotting, real-time PCR and immunofluorescence analyses were performed to investigate the preliminary functions of the candidate variants. RESULTS: Nineteen ectodysplasin-A variants were identified, six of which were not previously reported. Among these variants, we identified a patient who carried two mutations in ectodysplasin-A and exhibited more severe phenotypes. Additionally, mutant protein expression levels decreased, whereas mRNA transcription levels increased. Cellular sublocalisation of the variants located in the tumour necrosis factor homologous domain showed that the proteins accumulated in the nucleus, whereas wild-type proteins remained in the cell membrane. A rare indel variant and two classical splicing variants that lead to exon 7 skipping were detected. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides definitive diagnoses for 20 families with suspected X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia and additional information on clinical heterogeneity and genotype-phenotype relationships.

Impacts of balance under lower limb training / Impactos do equilíbrio sob treinamento dos membros inferiores / Impactos del equilibrio bajo entrenamiento de las extremidades inferiores

ABSTRACT Introduction How to scientifically improve the sports balance ability of table tennis players is a frequent question among current researchers. Increasing the explosive power and stability of the lower limbs to improve competitive performance is one of the main focuses of current research. Objective Analyze the impacts caused by lower limb training on the balance ability of table tennis players. Methods Junior table tennis students from a university were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The control group had routine training while the experimental group had a protocol with lower limb training added. Results There was a statistical difference in the forward jump from 225.268 (± 13.229) cm before the experiment to 269.127 (± 9.331) cm after the experiment, and the left and right inclined jump values also followed this pattern after the experiment. The standing jump distance of the control group increased from 220.077 (± 21.124) cm before the experiment to 258.122 (± 15.1301) cm after the experiment. Conclusion Habitual sports training positively impacts table tennis players, but the effect is relatively slow and has low training efficiency. The lower limb strength training scheme proposed in this study showed improved sporting efficiency in athletes and expressive gains in their lower limb strength, positively impacting dynamic balance ability. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução Como melhorar cientificamente a capacidade de equilíbrio esportivo dos jogadores de tênis de mesa é uma questão frequente entre os pesquisadores atuais. Aumentar o poder explosivo e a estabilidade dos membros inferiores para melhorar o desempenho competitivo é um dos principais focos da pesquisa atual. Objetivo Analisar os impactos provocados pelo treinamento dos membros inferiores sobre a capacidade de equilíbrio dos jogadores de tênis de mesa. Métodos Os estudantes de tênis de mesa juniores de uma universidade foram divididos aleatoriamente em grupo experimental e grupo de controle. O grupo controle efetuou o treino de rotina enquanto ao grupo experimental foi adicionado um protocolo com treinamento dos membros inferiores. Resultados Houve diferença estatística de salto frontal de 225.268 (± 13.229) cm antes do experimento para 269.127 (± 9.331) cm após o experimento, e os valores de salto inclinado à esquerda e à direita também seguiram esse padrão após o experimento. A distância de salto em pé do grupo de controle aumentou de 220.077 (± 21.124) cm antes do experimento para 258.122 (± 15.1301) cm após o experimento. Conclusão O treinamento esportivo habitual revela impactos positivos sobre os jogadores de tênis de mesa, porém o efeito é relativamente lento e a eficiência do treinamento é baixa. O esquema de treinamento da força dos membros inferiores proposto neste trabalho demonstrou uma melhor eficiência esportiva nos atletas e ganhos expressivos de suas forças dos membros inferiores, impactando positivamente na capacidade de equilíbrio dinâmico. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción Cómo mejorar científicamente la capacidad de equilibrio deportivo de los jugadores de tenis de mesa es una pregunta frecuente entre los investigadores actuales. Aumentar la potencia explosiva y la estabilidad de los miembros inferiores para mejorar el rendimiento competitivo es uno de los principales objetivos de la investigación actual. Objetivo Analizar los impactos causados por el entrenamiento de las extremidades inferiores en la capacidad de equilibrio de los jugadores de tenis de mesa. Métodos Los estudiantes de tenis de mesa de una universidad fueron divididos aleatoriamente en grupo experimental y grupo de control. El grupo de control realizó un entrenamiento rutinario mientras que al grupo experimental se le añadió un protocolo con entrenamiento de los miembros inferiores. Resultados Hubo una diferencia estadística de 225,268 (± 13,229) cm de salto frontal antes del experimento a 269,127 (± 9,331) cm después del experimento, y los valores de salto inclinado izquierdo y derecho también siguieron este patrón después del experimento. La distancia de salto en pie del grupo de control aumentó de 220,077 (± 21,124) cm antes del experimento a 258,122 (± 15,1301) cm después del mismo. Conclusión El entrenamiento deportivo habitual revela impactos positivos en los jugadores de tenis de mesa, pero el efecto es relativamente lento y la eficacia del entrenamiento es baja. El esquema de entrenamiento de la fuerza de los miembros inferiores propuesto en este trabajo mostró una mejor eficiencia deportiva en los atletas y ganancias expresivas de su fuerza de los miembros inferiores, impactando positivamente en la capacidad de equilibrio dinámico. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.