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Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/uso terapêutico , Oxirredutases Intramoleculares/antagonistas & inibidores , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/tratamento farmacológico , Fatores Inibidores da Migração de Macrófagos/antagonistas & inibidores , Antígenos de Diferenciação de Linfócitos B , Método Duplo-Cego , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidade Classe II , HumanosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Standard chemotherapy is associated with low response rates and short progression-free survival among patients with pretreated metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. Sacituzumab govitecan-hziy is an antibody-drug conjugate that combines a humanized monoclonal antibody, which targets the human trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (Trop-2), with SN-38, which is conjugated to the antibody by a cleavable linker. Sacituzumab govitecan-hziy enables delivery of high concentrations of SN-38 to tumors. METHODS: We conducted a phase 1/2 single-group, multicenter trial involving patients with advanced epithelial cancers who received sacituzumab govitecan-hziy intravenously on days 1 and 8 of each 21-day cycle until disease progression or unacceptable toxic effects. A total of 108 patients received sacituzumab govitecan-hziy at a dose of 10 mg per kilogram of body weight after receiving at least two previous anticancer therapies for metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. The end points included safety; the objective response rate (according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, version 1.1), which was assessed locally; the duration of response; the clinical benefit rate (defined as a complete or partial response or stable disease for at least 6 months); progression-free survival; and overall survival. Post hoc analyses determined the response rate and duration, which were assessed by blinded independent central review. RESULTS: The 108 patients with triple-negative breast cancer had received a median of 3 previous therapies (range, 2 to 10). Four deaths occurred during treatment; 3 patients (2.8%) discontinued treatment because of adverse events. Grade 3 or 4 adverse events (in ≥10% of the patients) included anemia and neutropenia; 10 patients (9.3%) had febrile neutropenia. The response rate (3 complete and 33 partial responses) was 33.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 24.6 to 43.1), and the median duration of response was 7.7 months (95% CI, 4.9 to 10.8); as assessed by independent central review, these values were 34.3% and 9.1 months, respectively. The clinical benefit rate was 45.4%. Median progression-free survival was 5.5 months (95% CI, 4.1 to 6.3), and overall survival was 13.0 months (95% CI, 11.2 to 13.7). CONCLUSIONS: Sacituzumab govitecan-hziy was associated with durable objective responses in patients with heavily pretreated metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. Myelotoxic effects were the main adverse reactions. (Funded by Immunomedics; IMMU-132-01 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01631552.).
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Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/uso terapêutico , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Camptotecina/análogos & derivados , Imunoconjugados/uso terapêutico , Irinotecano/administração & dosagem , Neoplasias de Mama Triplo Negativas/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Anemia/induzido quimicamente , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/efeitos adversos , Antígenos de Neoplasias , Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Camptotecina/efeitos adversos , Camptotecina/uso terapêutico , Moléculas de Adesão Celular/antagonistas & inibidores , Diarreia/induzido quimicamente , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Feminino , Humanos , Imunoconjugados/efeitos adversos , Infusões Intravenosas , Irinotecano/efeitos adversos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neutropenia/induzido quimicamente , Intervalo Livre de Progressão , Taxa de Sobrevida , Neoplasias de Mama Triplo Negativas/mortalidadeRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: EMBODY 1 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01262365) and EMBODY 2 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01261793) investigated the efficacy and safety of epratuzumab, a CD22-targeted humanized monoclonal IgG antibody, in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The studies showed no significant difference from placebo in primary or secondary clinical outcome measures but did demonstrate B cell-specific immunologic activity. The aim of this post hoc analysis was to determine whether epratuzumab had a different clinical efficacy profile in SLE patients with versus those without an associated diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome (SS). METHODS: The efficacy and safety of epratuzumab were compared between 2 patient subpopulations randomized in EMBODY 1 and 2: SLE patients with and those without a diagnosis of associated SS. British Isles Lupus Assessment Group (BILAG) total score, BILAG-based Combined Lupus Assessment (BICLA) clinical response to treatment, biologic markers (including B cells, IgG, IgM, and IgA), and safety were assessed. RESULTS: A total of 1,584 patients were randomized in the EMBODY 1 and EMBODY 2 trials; 113 patients were anti-SSA positive and had a diagnosis of associated SS, and 1,375 patients (86.8%) had no diagnosis of associated SS (918 patients were randomized to receive epratuzumab and 457 to receive placebo). For patients with associated SS, but not those without associated SS, a higher proportion of patients receiving epratuzumab achieved a BICLA response and a reduction from baseline in BILAG total score. B cell reduction was faster in patients with associated SS. The sensitivity of B cells to epratuzumab as measured by the mean concentration producing 50% of the maximum B cell count depletion was lower for patients with associated SS (9.5 µg/ml) versus the total EMBODY population (87.1 µg/ml). No difference in the frequency of adverse events in those receiving placebo was reported. CONCLUSION: Patients with SLE and associated SS treated with epratuzumab showed improvement in SLE disease activity, which was associated with bioactivity, such as decreases in B cell number and IgM level.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/uso terapêutico , Antineoplásicos Imunológicos/uso terapêutico , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/tratamento farmacológico , Síndrome de Sjogren/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Linfócitos B/imunologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Ensaios Clínicos Fase III como Assunto , Feminino , Humanos , Imunoglobulina A/imunologia , Imunoglobulina G/imunologia , Imunoglobulina M/imunologia , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/complicações , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/imunologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Lectina 2 Semelhante a Ig de Ligação ao Ácido Siálico/antagonistas & inibidores , Síndrome de Sjogren/complicações , Síndrome de Sjogren/imunologia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Purpose The objectives were to evaluate dosing schedules of labetuzumab govitecan, an antibody-drug conjugate targeting carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5) for tumor delivery of 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN-38), in an expanded phase II trial of patients with relapsed or refractory metastatic colorectal cancer. Patients and Methods Eligible patients with at least one prior irinotecan-containing therapy received labetuzumab govitecan once weekly at 8 and 10 mg/kg, or two times per week at 4 and 6 mg/km on weeks 1 and 2 of 3-week repeated cycles. End points were safety, response, pharmacokinetics, and immunogenicity. Results Eighty-six patients who had undergone a median of five prior therapies (range, one to 13) were each enrolled into one of the four cohorts. On the basis of Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors 1.1, 38% of these patients had a tumor as well as plasma carcinoembryonic antigen reduction from baseline after labetuzumab govitecan treatment; one patient achieved a partial response with a sustained response spanning > 2 years, whereas 42 patients had stable disease as the best overall response. Median progression-free survival and overall survival were 3.6 and 6.9 months, respectively. The major toxicities (grade ≥ 3) among all cohorts were neutropenia (16%), leukopenia (11%), anemia (9%), and diarrhea (7%). The antibody-drug conjugate's mean half-life was 16.5 hours for the four cohorts. Anti-drug/anti-antibody antibodies were not detected. The two once-weekly dose schedules, showing comparable toxicity and efficacy, were chosen for further study. Conclusion Monotherapy with labetuzumab govitecan demonstrated a manageable safety profile and therapeutic activity in heavily pretreated patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, all with prior irinotecan therapy. Further studies of labetuzumab govitecan treatment alone or in combination with other therapies in earlier settings are indicated.
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Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/administração & dosagem , Antineoplásicos/administração & dosagem , Camptotecina/análogos & derivados , Neoplasias Colorretais/tratamento farmacológico , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/efeitos adversos , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/farmacocinética , Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Antineoplásicos/farmacocinética , Camptotecina/administração & dosagem , Camptotecina/efeitos adversos , Neoplasias Colorretais/mortalidade , Neoplasias Colorretais/patologia , Progressão da Doença , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Esquema de Medicação , Feminino , Meia-Vida , Humanos , Infusões Intravenosas , Irinotecano , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Metástase Neoplásica , Análise de Sobrevida , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Purpose: We evaluated a Trop-2-targeting antibody conjugated with SN-38 in metastatic small cell lung cancer (mSCLC) patients.Experimental Design: Sacituzumab govitecan was studied in patients with pretreated (median, 2; range, 1-7) mSCLC who received either 8 or 10 mg/kg i.v. on days 1 and 8 of 21-day cycles. The primary endpoints were safety and objective response rate (ORR); duration of response, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were secondary endpoints.Results: Sixty percent of patients showed tumor shrinkage from baseline CTs. On an intention-to-treat basis (N = 50), the ORR was 14% (17% for the 10-mg/kg group); the median response duration, 5.7 months; the clinical benefit rate (CBR ≥4 months), 34%; median PFS, 3.7 months; and median OS, 7.5 months. There was a suggested improvement in PR, CBR, and PFS with sacituzumab govitecan in second-line patients who were sensitive to first-line therapy, but no difference between first-line chemosensitive versus chemoresistant patients in the overall population. There was a statistically significant higher OS in those patients who received prior topotecan versus no topotecan therapy in a small subgroup. Grade ≥3 adverse events included neutropenia (34%), fatigue (13%), diarrhea (9%), and anemia (6%). Trop-2 tumor staining was not required for patient selection. No antibodies to the drug conjugate or its components were detected on serial blood collections.Conclusions: Sacituzumab govitecan appears to have a safe and effective therapeutic profile in heavily pretreated mSCLC patients, including those who are chemosensitive or chemoresistant to first-line chemotherapy. Additional studies as a monotherapy or combination therapy are warranted. Clin Cancer Res; 23(19); 5711-9. ©2017 AACR.
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Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/administração & dosagem , Antígenos de Neoplasias/imunologia , Camptotecina/análogos & derivados , Camptotecina/administração & dosagem , Moléculas de Adesão Celular/imunologia , Imunoconjugados/administração & dosagem , Carcinoma de Pequenas Células do Pulmão/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/efeitos adversos , Camptotecina/efeitos adversos , Camptotecina/imunologia , Moléculas de Adesão Celular/antagonistas & inibidores , DNA Topoisomerases Tipo I/genética , DNA Topoisomerases Tipo I/imunologia , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos/classificação , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Imunoconjugados/efeitos adversos , Imunoconjugados/química , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Terapia de Alvo Molecular , Carcinoma de Pequenas Células do Pulmão/imunologia , Carcinoma de Pequenas Células do Pulmão/patologia , Inibidores da Topoisomerase I/administração & dosagem , Inibidores da Topoisomerase I/efeitos adversosRESUMO
Purpose Trop-2, expressed in most solid cancers, may be a target for antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We studied sacituzumab govitecan (IMMU-132), a Trop-2 ADC, for the targeting of SN-38. Patients and Methods We evaluated IMMU-132 in a single-arm multicenter trial in patients with pretreated metastatic NSCLC who received either 8 or 10 mg/kg on days 1 and 8 of 21-day cycles. The primary end points were safety and objective response rate (ORR). Progression-free survival and overall survival were secondary end points. Results Fifty-four patients were treated. In the response-assessable study population (n = 47), which had a median of three prior therapies (range, two to seven), the ORR was 19%; median response duration, 6.0 months (95% CI, 4.8 to 8.3 months); and clinical benefit rate (complete response + partial response + stable disease ≥ 4 months), 43%. ORR in the intention-to-treat (ITT) population was 17% (nine of 54). Responses occurred with a median onset of 3.8 months, including patients who had relapsed or progressed after immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Median ITT progression-free survival was 5.2 months (95% CI, 3.2 to 7.1 months) and median ITT overall survival, 9.5 months (95% CI, 5.9 to 16.7 months). Grade 3 or higher adverse events included neutropenia (28%), diarrhea (7%), nausea (7%), fatigue (6%), and febrile neutropenia (4%). One patient developed a transient immune response, despite patients receiving a median of 10 doses. More than 90% of 26 assessable archival tumor specimens were highly positive (2+, 3+) for Trop-2 by immunohistochemistry, which suggests that Trop-2 is not a predictive biomarker for response. Conclusion IMMU-132 was well-tolerated and induced durable responses in heavily pretreated patients with metastatic NSCLC. This ADC should be studied further in this disease and in other patients with Trop-2-expressing tumors.
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Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/administração & dosagem , Camptotecina/análogos & derivados , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/tratamento farmacológico , Imunoconjugados/administração & dosagem , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Antígenos de Neoplasias/biossíntese , Antígenos de Neoplasias/imunologia , Camptotecina/administração & dosagem , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/imunologia , Moléculas de Adesão Celular/biossíntese , Moléculas de Adesão Celular/imunologia , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Esquema de Medicação , Feminino , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/imunologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Sacituzumab govitecan (IMMU-132), an antitrophoblastic cell-surface antigen (anti-Trop-2) humanized antibody-SN-38 conjugate, had encouraging efficacy in the phase 1 clinical trial. This report further examines the pharmacokinetics and safety of multiple cycles of IMMU-132 at doses of 8 or 10 mg/kg in patients with diverse advanced epithelial cancers. METHODS: Patients who had multiple prior therapies received IMMU-132 on days 1 and 8 of 21-day treatment cycles. Trop-2 staining of archived tumor specimens, clearance of IMMU-132 and its constituents (ie, immunoglobulin G [IgG], SN-38 [a camptothecin, the active component of irinotecan], and glucuronidated SN-38 [SN-38G]), antibody responses, and uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) levels were determined. Safety was assessed according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0, and responses were assessed using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, version 1.1. RESULTS: Patients with diverse metastatic cancers who received IMMU-132 at 8 mg/kg (n = 81) and 10 mg/kg (n = 97) were examined. Trop-2 was positive in 93% of the available specimens. IMMU-132 cleared with a half-life of approximately 11 to 14 hours, reflecting the release of SN-38 from the conjugate; IgG cleared more slowly (half-life, approximately 103-114 hours). Most SN-38 in the serum (>95%) was bound to IgG. SN-38G concentrations were lower than SN-38 concentrations. Dose-limiting neutropenia after the first cycle was not correlated with SN-38 in serum or with UGT1A1 genotype. No antibody responses were detected. Objective responses were observed in several indications, including metastatic triple-negative breast cancer, confirming that 10 mg/kg produced an encouraging overall response. CONCLUSIONS: Sacituzumab govitecan has a predictable pharmacokinetic profile and manageable toxicity at doses of 8 and 10 mg/kg. With objective responses and a good therapeutic index at 10 mg/kg, this dose was chosen for future development. Cancer 2017;123:3843-3854. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
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Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/efeitos adversos , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/farmacocinética , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/efeitos adversos , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/farmacocinética , Camptotecina/análogos & derivados , Imunoconjugados/efeitos adversos , Imunoconjugados/farmacocinética , Neoplasias/metabolismo , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/administração & dosagem , Antígenos de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/administração & dosagem , Camptotecina/administração & dosagem , Camptotecina/efeitos adversos , Camptotecina/sangue , Camptotecina/farmacocinética , Moléculas de Adesão Celular/metabolismo , Feminino , Glucuronosiltransferase/genética , Meia-Vida , Humanos , Imunoconjugados/administração & dosagem , Imunoglobulina G/metabolismo , Irinotecano , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Neutropenia/induzido quimicamente , Critérios de Avaliação de Resposta em Tumores Sólidos , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Purpose Trop-2, expressed in most triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs), may be a potential target for antibody-drug conjugates. Sacituzumab govitecan, an antibody-drug conjugate, targets Trop-2 for the selective delivery of SN-38, the active metabolite of irinotecan. Patients and Methods We evaluated sacituzumab govitecan in a single-arm, multicenter trial in patients with relapsed/refractory metastatic TNBC who received a 10 mg/kg starting dose on days 1 and 8 of 21-day repeated cycles. The primary end points were safety and objective response rate; secondary end points were progression-free survival and overall survival. Results In 69 patients who received a median of five prior therapies (range, one to 12) since diagnosis, the confirmed objective response rate was 30% (partial response, n = 19; complete response, n = 2), the median response duration was 8.9 (95% CI, 6.1 to 11.3) months, and the clinical benefit rate (complete response + partial response + stable disease ≥ 6 months) was 46%. These responses occurred early, with a median onset of 1.9 months. Median progression-free survival was 6.0 (95% CI, 5.0 to 7.3) months, and median overall survival was 16.6 (95% CI, 11.1 to 20.6) months. Grade ≥ 3 adverse events included neutropenia (39%), leukopenia (16%), anemia (14%), and diarrhea (13%); the incidence of febrile neutropenia was 7%. The majority of archival tumor specimens (88%) were moderately to strongly positive for Trop-2 by immunohistochemistry. No neutralizing antibodies to the ADC or antibody were detected, despite repeated cycles developed. Conclusion Sacituzumab govitecan was well tolerated and induced early and durable responses in heavily pretreated patients with metastatic TNBC. As a therapeutic target and predictive biomarker, Trop-2 warrants further research.
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Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/administração & dosagem , Neoplasias da Mama Masculina/tratamento farmacológico , Camptotecina/análogos & derivados , Imunoconjugados/administração & dosagem , Neoplasias de Mama Triplo Negativas/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/efeitos adversos , Antígenos de Neoplasias/biossíntese , Antígenos de Neoplasias/imunologia , Antineoplásicos/administração & dosagem , Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Neoplasias da Mama Masculina/imunologia , Neoplasias da Mama Masculina/metabolismo , Camptotecina/administração & dosagem , Camptotecina/efeitos adversos , Moléculas de Adesão Celular/biossíntese , Moléculas de Adesão Celular/imunologia , Feminino , Humanos , Imunoconjugados/efeitos adversos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Metástase Neoplásica , Neoplasias de Mama Triplo Negativas/imunologia , Neoplasias de Mama Triplo Negativas/metabolismoAssuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras B/tratamento farmacológico , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras B/metabolismo , Lectina 2 Semelhante a Ig de Ligação ao Ácido Siálico/metabolismo , Adulto , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/administração & dosagem , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efeitos adversos , Biomarcadores , Ciclofosfamida/efeitos adversos , Ciclofosfamida/uso terapêutico , Dexametasona/efeitos adversos , Dexametasona/uso terapêutico , Doxorrubicina/efeitos adversos , Doxorrubicina/uso terapêutico , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras B/mortalidade , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras B/patologia , Recidiva , Retratamento , Resultado do Tratamento , Vincristina/efeitos adversos , Vincristina/uso terapêutico , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Radioimmunotherapy represents a potential option as consolidation after chemoimmunotherapy in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma who are not candidates for transplantation. We aimed to assess activity and toxicity of fractionated radioimmunotherapy using anti-CD22 90Y-epratuzumab tetraxetan as consolidation after front-line induction chemoimmunotherapy in untreated elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. METHODS: We did a prospective, single-group, phase 2 trial at 28 hospitals in France, with patients recruited from 17 hospitals. Eligible patients were aged 60-80 years with bulky stage 2-3 or stage 3-4 CD20-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, previously untreated, and not eligible for transplantation. Patients received six cycles of R-CHOP (rituximab [375 mg/m2], cyclophosphamide [750 mg/m2], doxorubicin [50 mg/m2], and vincristine [1·4 mg/m2, up to 2 mg] all on day 1, and prednisone [40 mg/m2] daily for 5 days), administered every 14 days. 6-8 weeks after R-CHOP, responders received two doses of 15 mCi/m2 (555 MBq/m2) 90Y-epratuzumab tetraxetan administered 1 week apart. The primary endpoint was 2 year event-free survival in all registered eligible patients who received at least 1 day of study treatment; the safety analysis was done in the same population. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00906841. FINDINGS: Between Oct 22, 2008, and Dec 16, 2010, we recruited 75 patients, of whom four (5%) were excluded after central pathology review; hence, 71 (95%) patients were included in the analysis. All patients started induction treatment; 57 (80%) received radioimmunotherapy. With a median follow-up of 37 months (IQR 30-44), the estimated 2 year event-free survival was 75% (95% CI 63-84). Radioimmunotherapy toxicity consisted of grade 3-4 thrombocytopenia in 48 (84%) of 57 patients and neutropenia in 45 (79%) of 57 patients. One patient developed myelodysplastic syndrome 28 months after receiving radioimmunotherapy and one patient developed acute myeloid leukaemia 5 months after receiving radioimmunotherapy. INTERPRETATION: Fractionated radioimmunotherapy with 90Y-epratuzumab tetraxetan might be appropriate for response consolidation after induction chemotherapy in older patients with advanced diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, but further comparative studies are needed. FUNDING: Immunomedics, Amgen, Canceropôle Grand Ouest, the GOELAMS/LYSA group and the French National Agency for Research (Investissements d'Avenir).
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Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/uso terapêutico , Antineoplásicos Imunológicos/uso terapêutico , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/terapia , Radioimunoterapia/métodos , Radioisótopos de Ítrio/uso terapêutico , Idoso , Anticorpos Monoclonais Murinos/uso terapêutico , Ciclofosfamida/uso terapêutico , Doxorrubicina/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Humanos , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/tratamento farmacológico , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/radioterapia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prednisona/uso terapêutico , Estudos Prospectivos , Rituximab , Lectina 2 Semelhante a Ig de Ligação ao Ácido Siálico/antagonistas & inibidores , Resultado do Tratamento , Vincristina/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
We compared two dosing schedules for subcutaneous injections of a low-dose humanized anti-CD20 antibody, veltuzumab, in immune thrombocytopenia. Fifty adults with primary immune thrombocytopenia, in whom one or more lines of standard therapy had failed and who had a platelet count <30×109/L but no major bleeding, initially received escalating 80, 160, or 320 mg doses of subcutaneous veltuzumab administered twice, 2 weeks apart; the last group received once-weekly doses of 320 mg for 4 weeks. In all dose groups, injection reactions were transient and mild to moderate; there were no other safety issues. Forty-seven response-evaluable patients had 23 (49%) objective responses (platelet counts ≥30×109/L and ≥2 × baseline) including 15 (32%) complete responses (platelets ≥100×109/L). Responses (including complete responses) and bleeding reduction occurred in all dose groups and were not dose-dependent. In contrast, response duration increased progressively with total dose, reaching a median of 2.7 years with the four once-weekly 320-mg doses. Among nine responders retreated at relapse, three at higher dose levels responded again, including one patient who was retreated four times. In all dose groups, B-cell depletion occurred after the first dose until recovery starting 12 to 16 weeks after treatment. Veltuzumab serum levels increased with dose group according to total dose administered, but terminal half-life and clearance were comparable. Human anti-veltuzumab antibody titers developed without apparent dose dependence in nine patients, of whom six responded including five who had complete responses. Subcutaneous veltuzumab was convenient, well-tolerated, and active, without causing significant safety concerns. Platelet responses and bleeding reduction occurred in all dose groups, and response durability appeared to improve with higher doses. Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT00547066.
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Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/administração & dosagem , Trombocitopenia/tratamento farmacológico , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/imunologia , Formação de Anticorpos/efeitos dos fármacos , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Esquema de Medicação , Feminino , Hemorragia/induzido quimicamente , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Contagem de Plaquetas , Recidiva , Indução de Remissão , Trombocitopenia/imunologiaRESUMO
To evaluate the potential of subcutaneous (SC) injections with anti-CD20 antibody veltuzumab in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), 21 patients received 80, 160, or 320 mg injections every 2 weeks × 4 doses (n = 11) or 160 or 320 mg twice-weekly × 16 doses (n = 10). Treatment was well tolerated with only occasional, mild-moderate, transient injection reactions. Lymphocytosis decreased in all patients (maximum decrease, 5-91%), with 12 patients obtaining >50% decreases. Of 14 patients with lymphadenopathy on CT imaging, 5 (36%) achieved 14-61% reductions (sum of perpendicular diameters). By NCI-WG criteria, two patients achieved partial responses (10%). SC veltuzumab appeared active in all dose groups, with no obvious exposure-response relationship, despite cumulative doses ranging from 320-5120 mg. Overall median progression-free survival was 7.7 months; three patients remained progression-free >1 year (2 ongoing at 2-year study completion). These data suggest further studies of SC veltuzumab in CLL are warranted.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/administração & dosagem , Antineoplásicos/administração & dosagem , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/tratamento farmacológico , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/efeitos adversos , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/farmacocinética , Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Antineoplásicos/farmacocinética , Monitoramento de Medicamentos , Feminino , Humanos , Injeções Subcutâneas , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/mortalidade , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Metástase Neoplásica , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Retratamento , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Prognosis of patients with relapsed or refractory acute lymphoblastic leukaemia is poor and new treatments are needed. We aimed to assess the feasibility, tolerability, dosimetry, and efficacy of yttrium-90-labelled anti-CD22 epratuzumab tetraxetan ((90)Y-DOTA-epratuzumab) radioimmunotherapy in refractory or relapsed CD22-positive B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in a standard 3â+â3 phase 1 study. METHODS: Adults (≥18 years) with relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (with CD22 expression on at least 70% of blast cells) were enrolled at six centres in France. Patients received one cycle of (90)Y-DOTA-epratuzumab on days 1 and 8 (give or take 2 days) successively at one of four dose levels: 2·5 mCi/m(2) (92·5 MBq/m(2); level 1), 5·0 mCi/m(2) (185 MBq/m(2); level 2), 7·5 mCi/m(2) (277·5 MBq/m(2); level 3), and 10·0 mCi/m(2) (370 MBq/m(2); level 4). The primary objective was to identify the maximum tolerated dose of (90)Y-DOTA-epratuzumab. We assessed safety during infusions and regularly after radioimmunotherapy over a 6-month period. Analyses included only patients who received radioimmunotherapy. The trial is closed to inclusion and is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01354457. FINDINGS: Between Aug 25, 2011, and June 11, 2014, 17 patients (median age 62 years; range 27-77) were treated (five at level 1, three at level 2, three at level 3, and six at level 4). Radioimmunotherapy infusion was overall well tolerated. One dose-limiting toxic effect (aplasia lasting 8 weeks) occurred at level 4, but the maximum tolerated dose was not reached. The most common grade 3-4 adverse events were pancytopenia (one patient at level 2, one at level 3, and six at level 4) and infections (three at level 1, one at level 2, and five at level 4). INTERPRETATION: (90)Y-DOTA-epratuzumab radioimmunotherapy is well tolerated. We recommend the dose of 2â×â10·0 mCi/m(2) 1 week apart per cycle for phase 2 studies. FUNDING: Immunomedics and Direction de la Recherche Clinique of Nantes.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/uso terapêutico , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras B/radioterapia , Radioimunoterapia , Adulto , Idoso , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/administração & dosagem , Antineoplásicos/administração & dosagem , Feminino , França , Humanos , Masculino , Dose Máxima Tolerável , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Lectina 2 Semelhante a Ig de Ligação ao Ácido Siálico/antagonistas & inibidores , Resultado do Tratamento , Radioisótopos de ÍtrioRESUMO
BACKGROUND: For patients with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma, there are no approved or established treatments beyond the 2nd line. A Phase Ib study of fractionated radioimmunotherapy was undertaken in this setting, administering (90)Y-clivatuzumab tetraxetan (yttrium-90-radiolabelled humanised antibody targeting pancreatic adenocarcinoma mucin) with or without low radiosensitising doses of gemcitabine. METHODS: Fifty-eight patients with three (2-7) median prior treatments were treated on Arm A (N=29, (90)Y-clivatuzumab tetraxetan, weekly 6.5 mCi/m(2)doses×3, plus gemcitabine, weekly 200 mg/m(2) doses×4 starting 1 week earlier) or Arm B (N=29, (90)Y-clivatuzumab tetraxetan alone, weekly 6.5 mCi/m(2)doses×3), repeating cycles after 4-week delays. Safety was the primary endpoint; efficacy was also evaluated. RESULTS: Cytopaenias (predominantly transient thrombocytopenia) were the only significant toxicities. Fifty-three patients (27 Arm A, 26 Arm B, 91% overall) completed ⩾1 full treatment cycles, with 23 (12 Arm A, 11 Arm B; 40%) receiving multiple cycles, including seven (6 Arm A, 1 Arm B; 12%) given 3-9 cycles. Two patients in Arm A had partial responses by RECIST criteria. Kaplan-Meier overall survival (OS) appeared improved in Arm A versus B (hazard ratio [HR] 0.55, 95% CI: 0.29-0.86; P=0.017, log-rank) and the median OS for Arm A versus Arm B increased to 7.9 versus 3.4 months with multiple cycles (HR 0.32, P=0.004), including three patients in Arm A surviving >1 year. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical studies of (90)Y-clivatuzumab tetraxetan combined with low-dose gemcitabine appear feasible in metastatic pancreatic cancer patients beyond 2nd line and a Phase III trial of this combination is now underway in this setting.
Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/terapia , Anticorpos Monoclonais/uso terapêutico , Antimetabólitos Antineoplásicos/administração & dosagem , Desoxicitidina/análogos & derivados , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/terapia , Radioimunoterapia/métodos , Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos/uso terapêutico , Radioisótopos de Ítrio/uso terapêutico , Adenocarcinoma/imunologia , Adenocarcinoma/mortalidade , Adenocarcinoma/secundário , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Anticorpos Monoclonais/efeitos adversos , Antimetabólitos Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Quimioterapia Adjuvante , Desoxicitidina/administração & dosagem , Desoxicitidina/efeitos adversos , Progressão da Doença , Estudos de Viabilidade , Feminino , Humanos , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mucinas/imunologia , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/imunologia , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/mortalidade , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/patologia , Radioimunoterapia/efeitos adversos , Radioimunoterapia/mortalidade , Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos/efeitos adversos , Indução de Remissão , Trombocitopenia/induzido quimicamente , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Estados Unidos , Radioisótopos de Ítrio/efeitos adversos , GencitabinaRESUMO
PURPOSE: Sacituzumab govitecan (IMMU-132) is an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) targeting Trop-2, a surface glycoprotein expressed on many epithelial tumors, for delivery of SN-38, the active metabolite of irinotecan. This phase I trial evaluated this ADC as a potential therapeutic for pretreated patients with a variety of metastatic solid cancers. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Sacituzumab govitecan was administered on days 1 and 8 of 21-day cycles, with cycles repeated until dose-limiting toxicity or progression. Dose escalation followed a standard 3 + 3 scheme with 4 planned dose levels and dose delay or reduction allowed. RESULTS: Twenty-five patients (52-60 years old, 3 median prior chemotherapy regimens) were treated at dose levels of 8 (n = 7), 10 (n = 6), 12 (n = 9), and 18 (n = 3) mg/kg. Neutropenia was dose limiting, with 12 mg/kg the maximum tolerated dose for cycle 1, but too toxic with repeated cycles. Lower doses were acceptable for extended treatment with no treatment-related grade 4 toxicities and grade 3 toxicities limited to fatigue (n = 3), neutropenia (n = 2), diarrhea (n = 1), and leukopenia (n = 1). Using CT-based RECIST 1.1, two patients achieved partial responses (triple-negative breast cancer, colon cancer) and 16 others had stable disease as best response. Twelve patients maintained disease control with continued treatment for 16 to 36 weeks; 6 survived 15 to 20+ months. No preselection of patients based on tumor Trop-2 expression was done. CONCLUSIONS: Sacituzumab govitecan had acceptable toxicity and encouraging therapeutic activity in patients with difficult-to-treat cancers. The 8 and 10 mg/kg doses were selected for phase II studies.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/uso terapêutico , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Camptotecina/análogos & derivados , Imunoconjugados/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/farmacologia , Antígenos de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Camptotecina/farmacologia , Camptotecina/uso terapêutico , Moléculas de Adesão Celular/metabolismo , Terapia Combinada , Monitoramento de Medicamentos , Feminino , Humanos , Imunoconjugados/farmacologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Metástase Neoplásica , Neoplasias/diagnóstico , Neoplasias/terapia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
As a result of the anti-tumour activity observed in vitro and in vivo with combined anti-CD20 and anti-CD74 antibodies, we initiated a phase I/II trial of veltuzumab and milatuzumab in patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Patients received an induction of veltuzumab 200 mg/m(2) weekly combined with escalating doses of milatuzumab at 8, 16 and 20 mg/kg weekly for 4 weeks. Patients without disease progression could receive an extended induction with treatment on weeks 12, 20, 28 and 36. A total of 35 patients enrolled on the study. Median age was 63 years, median number of prior therapies was 3, and 63% of patients were rituximab refractory. No dose-limiting toxicities were observed in the phase I study. Related grade 3-4 toxicities included lymphopenia, leucopenia, neutropenia, anaemia, infusion reactions, hyperglycaemia, fatigue and atrial tachycardia. Median weeks of therapy was 12 and 29% of patients completed all 36 weeks of therapy. The overall response rate was 24%, median duration of response was 12 months, and responses were observed at all dose levels and in 50% of patients refractory to rituximab. Combination therapy with veltuzumab and milatuzumab demonstrated activity in a population of heavily pre-treated patients with relapsed or refractory indolent NHL.
Assuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Linfócitos B/patologia , Linfoma não Hodgkin/tratamento farmacológico , Linfoma não Hodgkin/patologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/administração & dosagem , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/farmacocinética , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Humanos , Linfoma não Hodgkin/diagnóstico , Linfoma não Hodgkin/mortalidade , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gradação de Tumores , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Given the success of immunotherapeutic approaches in hematologic malignancies, the COG designed a phase I/II study to determine whether the addition of epratuzumab (anti-CD22) to an established chemotherapy platform improves rates of second remission (CR2) in pediatric patients with B-lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and early bone marrow relapse. PROCEDURE: Therapy consisted of three established blocks of re-induction chemotherapy. Epratuzumab (360 mg/m(2)/dose) was combined with chemotherapy on weekly × 4 (B1) and twice weekly × 4 [eight doses] (B2) schedules during the first re-induction block. Remission rates and minimal residual disease (MRD) status were compared to historical rates observed with the identical chemotherapy platform alone. RESULTS: CR2 was achieved in 65 and 66%, of the evaluable B1 (n = 54) and B2 patients (n = 60), respectively; unchanged from that observed historically without epratuzumab. Rates of MRD negativity (<0.01%) were 31% in B1 (P = 0.4128) and 39% in B2 patients (P = 0.1731), compared to 25% in historical controls. The addition of epratuzumab was well tolerated, with a similar toxicity profile to that observed with the re-induction chemotherapy platform regimen alone. CONCLUSIONS: Epratuzumab was well tolerated in combination with re-induction chemotherapy. While CR2 rates were not improved compared to historical controls treated with chemotherapy alone, there was a non-significant trend towards improvement in MRD response with the addition of epratuzumab (twice weekly for eight doses) to re-induction chemotherapy.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/uso terapêutico , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Imunoterapia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/terapia , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/terapia , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos de Coortes , Terapia Combinada , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/imunologia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/patologia , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/imunologia , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/patologia , Prognóstico , Indução de Remissão , Adulto JovemAssuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras B/tratamento farmacológico , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras B/patologia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/administração & dosagem , Dexametasona/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras B/metabolismo , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras B/mortalidade , Recidiva , Lectina 2 Semelhante a Ig de Ligação ao Ácido Siálico/metabolismo , Resultado do Tratamento , Vincristina/administração & dosagemRESUMO
IMPORTANCE B-cell depletion with the anti-CD20 antibody rituximab is highly effective for pemphigus vulgaris (PV) treatment. However,most patients experience relapse, and intravenous rituximab infusions are expensive. Therefore, cost-effective anti-CD20 therapies are desirable.OBSERVATIONS A compassionate-use investigational new drug protocol was approved to administer veltuzumab, a second-generation humanized anti-CD20 antibody, to a patient with refractory PV. Veltuzumab was administered as two 320-mg (188mg/m2) subcutaneous doses 2 weeks apart, resulting in complete remission of disease off therapy. The disease relapsed 2 years after treatment. A second cycle of subcutaneous veltuzumab, using the same dosage regimen, again induced complete remission off therapy, which remained at9 months. No serious adverse events occurred during 35 months of follow-up. Serum veltuzumab levels were 22 and 29 µg/mL 2 weeks after the first dose of each cycle, and the drug remained detectable in the serum for longer than 3 months. Relapse and response to veltuzumab generally correlated with desmoglein 3 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay index values. Shortly after a relapse that occurred after a long-term remission, the patient demonstrated an elevated naive (CD19+CD27−) to memory (CD19+CD27+) B-cell ratio of 19.5 and transitional (CD19+CD24+CD38+) B-cell frequency of 12.5%.CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Subcutaneous veltuzumab may be a safe, effective, and more economical alternative to intravenous rituximab for PV therapy. Clinical trials of subcutaneous veltuzumab for PV are warranted.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/administração & dosagem , Fatores Imunológicos/administração & dosagem , Pênfigo/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Injeções Subcutâneas , Recidiva , Indução de Remissão , RetratamentoRESUMO
A lingering criticism of radioimmunotherapy in non-Hodgkin lymphoma is the use of cold anti-CD20 antibody along with the radiolabeled anti-CD20 antibody. We instead combined radioimmunotherapy with immunotherapy targeting different B-cell antigens. We evaluated the anti-CD22 (90)Y-epratuzumab tetraxetan with the anti-CD20 veltuzumab in patients with aggressive lymphoma in whom at least one prior standard treatment had failed, but who had not undergone stem cell transplantation. Eighteen patients (median age 73 years, median of 3 prior treatments) received 200 mg/m(2) veltuzumab once-weekly for 4 weeks, with (90)Y-epratuzumab tetraxetan at planned doses in weeks 3 and 4, and (111)In-epratuzumab tetraxetan in week 2 for imaging and dosimetry. Veltuzumab effectively lowered levels of B cells in the blood prior to the radioimmunotherapy doses. No significant immunogenicity or change in pharmacokinetics of either agent occurred in combination. (111)In imaging showed tumor targeting with acceptable radiation dosimetry to normal organs. For (90)Y-epratuzumab tetraxetan, transient myelosuppression was dose-limiting with 6 mCi/m(2) (222 MBq/m(2)) × 2 being the maximal tolerated dose. Of 17 assessable patients, nine (53%) had objective responses according to the 2007 revised treatment response criteria, including three (18%) complete responses (2 relapsing after 11 and 13 months, 1 continuing to be clinically disease-free at 19 months), and six (35%) partial responses (1 relapsing after 14 months, 5 at 3 - 7 months). Responses occurred in patients with different lymphoma histologies, treated at different (90)Y dose levels, and with a predicted risk of poor outcome, most importantly including five of the six patients treated with the maximal tolerated dose (2 of whom achieved durable complete responses). In conclusion, the combination of (90)Y-epratuzumab tetraxetan and veltuzumab was well-tolerated with encouraging therapeutic activity in this difficult-to-treat population.