RESUMO
Background: Normal saline (NS) has been the choice fluid for volume resuscitation in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) for decades. Large volume resuscitation with NS can lead to hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis and is associated with a higher incidence of major adverse kidney events compared to balanced fluids (BF). Objective: Compare safety and effectiveness of fluid resuscitation with BF vs NS in adult patients with DKA. Methods: Single-center retrospective cohort study evaluated patients who received NS or BF for DKA treatment between July 2020 and August 2021. Primary endpoint was time to DKA resolution. Secondary endpoints included time to anion gap ≤12, HCO3 ≥15 and ≥18 mmol/L, acute kidney injury, and hospital and intensive care unit length of stay. Results: 110 patients were included (NS 55% (n = 60), BF 45% (n = 50)). Time to DKA resolution was faster in patients who received BF vs NS (13 (10 - 19) hours vs 17 (11 - 25) hours, P = 0.02). Treatment with NS was associated with a longer time to resolution of DKA when adjusted for initial bicarbonate and AKI at admission. Conclusion: BF was associated with a shorter time to DKA resolution compared to NS.
RESUMO
Background: Factor Xa (FXa) inhibitor use has increased over the last decade and though associated rates of major bleeding are lower compared to warfarin, outcomes from intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) are still significant. Targeted FXa inhibitor reversal agent became available in 2018, however use of 4-factor prothrombin complex concentrate (4F-PCC) for FXa inhibitor-associated ICH continues at many institutions. Objective: Evaluate the safety and hemostatic efficacy of 4F-PCC for FXa inhibitor-associated ICH. Methods: Single-center, retrospective study of patients who received 4F-PCC for FXa inhibitor-associated ICH. The primary efficacy endpoint was hemostasis and thrombosis was the main safety endpoint. Secondary endpoints included in-hospital mortality and discharge disposition. Results: 76 patients on apixaban or rivaroxaban were included. Good or excellent hemostasis was achieved in 80.3% of patients. Five patients experienced a thrombotic event. Favorable discharge disposition and lower in-hospital mortality was more likely in patients who achieved excellent hemostasis. Conclusion: 4F-PCC is safe and effective for FXa inhibitor associated ICH.