RESUMO
Bancroftian filariasis can cause genital abnormalities related to chronic inflammation and obstruction of the afferent lymphatic vessels, and may demonstrate a "filarial dance sign" on scrotal ultrasound with mobile echogenic particles observed. We present a patient with a positive "filarial dance sign," travel within Latin America, and negative filarial serology.
Assuntos
Filariose Linfática/diagnóstico por imagem , Inflamação/diagnóstico por imagem , Ducto Deferente/cirurgia , Vasectomia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Filariose Linfática/fisiopatologia , Filariose Linfática/cirurgia , Epididimo/diagnóstico por imagem , Epididimo/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Inflamação/fisiopatologia , Inflamação/cirurgia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Escroto/diagnóstico por imagem , Escroto/fisiopatologia , Recuperação Espermática , Testículo/diagnóstico por imagem , Testículo/fisiopatologia , Ultrassonografia , Ducto Deferente/diagnóstico por imagem , Ducto Deferente/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: In the management of bacteremia, positive repeat blood cultures (persistent bacteremia) are associated with increased mortality. However, blood cultures are costly and it is likely unnecessary to repeat them for many patients. We assessed predictors of persistent bacteremia that should prompt repeat blood cultures. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of bacteremias at an academic hospital from April 2010 to June 2014. We examined variables associated with patients undergoing repeat blood cultures, and with repeat cultures being positive. A nested case control analysis was performed on a subset of patients with repeat cultures. RESULTS: Among 1801 index bacteremias, repeat cultures were drawn for 701 patients (38.9 %), and 118 persistent bacteremias (6.6 %) were detected. Endovascular source (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 7.66; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 2.30-25.48), epidural source (aOR, 26.99; 95 % CI, 1.91-391.08), and Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (aOR, 4.49; 95 % CI, 1.88-10.73) were independently associated with persistent bacteremia. Escherichia coli (5.1 %, P = 0.006), viridans group (1.7 %, P = 0.035) and ß-hemolytic streptococci (0 %, P = 0.028) were associated with a lower likelihood of persistent bacteremia. Patients with persistent bacteremia were less likely to have achieved source control within 48 h of the index event (29.7 % vs 52.5 %, P < .001), but after variable reduction, source control was not retained in the final multivariable model. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with S. aureus bacteremia or endovascular infection are at risk of persistent bacteremia. Achieving source control within 48 h of the index bacteremia may help clear the infection. Repeat cultures after 48 h are low yield for most Gram-negative and streptococcal bacteremias.
Assuntos
Bacteriemia/sangue , Técnicas de Cultura/estatística & dados numéricos , Infecções por Escherichia coli/sangue , Infecções Estafilocócicas/sangue , Infecções Estreptocócicas/sangue , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Bacteriemia/microbiologia , Bacteriemia/mortalidade , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Infecções Relacionadas a Cateter/sangue , Infecções Relacionadas a Cateter/microbiologia , Infecções Relacionadas a Cateter/mortalidade , Cateteres Venosos Centrais , Estudos de Coortes , Endocardite Bacteriana/sangue , Endocardite Bacteriana/microbiologia , Endocardite Bacteriana/mortalidade , Escherichia coli , Infecções por Escherichia coli/microbiologia , Infecções por Escherichia coli/mortalidade , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Razão de Chances , Marca-Passo Artificial , Infecções Relacionadas à Prótese/sangue , Infecções Relacionadas à Prótese/microbiologia , Infecções Relacionadas à Prótese/mortalidade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Infecções Estafilocócicas/microbiologia , Infecções Estafilocócicas/mortalidade , Staphylococcus aureus , Infecções Estreptocócicas/microbiologia , Infecções Estreptocócicas/mortalidade , Estreptococos ViridansAssuntos
DNA Bacteriano/análise , Vacina contra Coqueluche/uso terapêutico , Coqueluche/prevenção & controle , Adolescente , Adulto , Bordetella pertussis/genética , Canadá , Criança , Humanos , Imunização Secundária , Macrolídeos/uso terapêutico , Vacina contra Coqueluche/imunologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Coqueluche/diagnóstico , Coqueluche/imunologiaRESUMO
Elongation factor P (EF-P) is posttranslationally modified at a conserved lysyl residue by the coordinated action of two enzymes, PoxA and YjeK. We have previously established the importance of this modification in Salmonella stress resistance. Here we report that, like poxA and yjeK mutants, Salmonella strains lacking EF-P display increased susceptibility to hypoosmotic conditions, antibiotics, and detergents and enhanced resistance to the compound S-nitrosoglutathione. The susceptibility phenotypes are largely explained by the enhanced membrane permeability of the efp mutant, which exhibits increased uptake of the hydrophobic dye 1-N-phenylnaphthylamine (NPN). Analysis of the membrane proteomes of wild-type and efp mutant Salmonella strains reveals few changes, including the prominent overexpression of a single porin, KdgM, in the efp mutant outer membrane. Removal of KdgM in the efp mutant background ameliorates the detergent, antibiotic, and osmosensitivity phenotypes and restores wild-type permeability to NPN. Our data support a role for EF-P in the translational regulation of a limited number of proteins that, when perturbed, renders the cell susceptible to stress by the adventitious overexpression of an outer membrane porin.