RESUMO
BACKGROUND: It has been reported that clinical evaluation consistently underestimates the severity of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). OBJECTIVE: To determine the usefulness of ultrasound as a diagnostic tool in HS compared with clinical examination and to assess the subsequent modification of disease management. METHODS: Cross-sectional multicentre study. Severity classification and therapeutic approach according to clinical vs. ultrasound examination were compared. RESULTS: Of 143 HS patients were included. Clinical examination scored 38, 70 and 35 patients as Hurley stage I, II and III, respectively; with ultrasound examination, 21, 80 and 42 patients were staged with Hurley stage I, II and III disease, respectively (P < 0.01). In patients with stage I classification as determined by clinical examination, 44.7% changed to a more severe stage. Clinical examination indicated that 44.1%, 54.5% and 1.4% of patients would maintain, increase or decrease treatment, respectively. For ultrasound examination, these percentages were 31.5%, 67.1% and 1.4% (P < 0.01). Concordance between clinical and ultrasound intra-rater examination was 22.8% (P < 0.01); intra-rater and inter-rater (radiologist) ultrasound agreement was 94.9% and 81.7%, respectively (P < 0.01). LIMITATIONS: The inability to detect lesions that measure ≤0.1 mm or with only epidermal location. CONCLUSION: Ultrasound can modify the clinical staging and therapeutic management in HS by detecting subclinical disease.
Assuntos
Hidradenite Supurativa/diagnóstico por imagem , Hidradenite Supurativa/terapia , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
Idiopathic facial aseptic granuloma is a pediatric skin condition involving asymptomatic reddish nodules. The etiology and pathogenesis is still under discussion, although the literature tends to place this condition within the spectrum of childhood rosaceas. The clinical course is chronic but benign, and cases have been reported to resolve spontaneously in less than a year. Even though no well-defined treatment has emerged, a conservative approach that avoids aggressive therapies is preferred.
Assuntos
Dermatoses Faciais/diagnóstico , Dermatoses Faciais/terapia , Granuloma/diagnóstico , Granuloma/terapia , Criança , Doença Crônica , Tratamento Conservador , Dermatoses Faciais/etiologia , Feminino , Granuloma/etiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Remissão Espontânea , Rosácea/diagnósticoRESUMO
Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE) is a benign vascular proliferation characterized by solitary or multiple angiomatous lesions. It is most common in young or middle-aged women, and the lesions typically affect the head and neck, showing a particular predilection for the periauricular region. The differential diagnosis in patients with ALHE is broad and includes both benign and malignant conditions. We report on a series of cases of periauricular ALHE in which ultrasound imaging revealed an hypervascular, pseudonodular and plaque-like morphology with clinical and histologic correlations. It also evidenced vascular communication between lesions that appeared to be separate on clinical examination. Familiarity with such ultrasound presentations could help to improve diagnostic accuracy and facilitate disease monitoring in patients with ALHE.
Assuntos
Hiperplasia Angiolinfoide com Eosinofilia/diagnóstico por imagem , Dermatoses Faciais/diagnóstico por imagem , Ultrassonografia/métodos , Hiperplasia Angiolinfoide com Eosinofilia/epidemiologia , Hiperplasia Angiolinfoide com Eosinofilia/patologia , Orelha , Dermatoses Faciais/epidemiologia , Dermatoses Faciais/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores Sexuais , Pele/irrigação sanguínea , Ultrassonografia Doppler em Cores/métodos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Glomuvenous malformations are hamartomatous lesions characterized by the presence of glomus cells in the vascular smooth muscle. We present the clinical and color Doppler ultrasound features of a series of 13 cases of histologically confirmed glomuvenous malformations. In all cases, the ultrasound study revealed moderately delimited superficial dermal and hypodermal pseudonodular structures of mixed echogenicity, with hypoechoic and heterogeneous areas and anechoic, pseudocystic tubular and lacunar zones. Arterial and venous vessels, mainly with a low flow (≤ 15cm/s) were observed in 85% of patients, but no arteriovenous shunts were present. Deeper structures were not affected and no phleboliths were detected. The clinical and ultrasound findings could facilitate diagnosis, surgical planning, and noninvasive follow-up in these tumors.
Assuntos
Tumor Glômico/diagnóstico por imagem , Tumor Glômico/patologia , Paraganglioma Extrassuprarrenal/diagnóstico por imagem , Paraganglioma Extrassuprarrenal/patologia , Ultrassonografia Doppler em Cores , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMO
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Facial lipoatrophy in HIV patients, secondary to antiretroviral therapy (ART) with thymidine analogs, has been related to important psychosocial alterations and poor adherence to treatment. Polyacrylamide gel (PAAG) is a filler that has been used for treating facial lipoatrophy in HIV patients. The aim was to assess the clinical and sonographic anatomical changes after injection of PAAG in HIV patients with facial lipoatrophy secondary to ART. METHODS: HIV patients receiving ART and suffering from severe facial lipoatrophy were recruited and underwent clinical and color Doppler ultrasound evaluation prior to PAAG application (AQUAMID® ) and sonographically monitored at 18 months and clinically followed up for 36 months after the procedure. Adverse effects were recorded based on occurrence and complexity. RESULTS: A total of 33 patients were evaluated, 30 men (91%) and 3 women (9%) with an average age of 49.6 years (±8.4). Clinical improvement assessed by a dermatologist had an average score of 5.9 (±0.7) on a scale of 1-7. On color Doppler ultrasound there was a significant increase of the thickness of the subcutaneous tissue (SCT) in both nasofold lines when comparing before and after PAAG injection (P < 0.01) and no signs of inflammation (hypervascularity). User satisfaction was qualified as excellent or good in all cases. Only two patients experienced adverse effects (hematoma and puncture site infection), which was successfully managed without consequences. CONCLUSION: Treatment of facial lipoatrophy with PAAG seems to be effective in HIV patients and no signs of complications were observed in the monitoring at 36 months after injection. Color Doppler ultrasound can identify the filler deposits and the anatomical changes of the SCT non-invasively.
Assuntos
Resinas Acrílicas/administração & dosagem , Antirretrovirais/efeitos adversos , Dermatoses Faciais/diagnóstico por imagem , Dermatoses Faciais/terapia , Síndrome de Lipodistrofia Associada ao HIV/diagnóstico por imagem , Síndrome de Lipodistrofia Associada ao HIV/terapia , Ultrassonografia Doppler em Cores/métodos , Adulto , Preenchedores Dérmicos/administração & dosagem , Dermatoses Faciais/induzido quimicamente , Feminino , Síndrome de Lipodistrofia Associada ao HIV/induzido quimicamente , Humanos , Masculino , Resultado do TratamentoAssuntos
Dípteros/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Larva , Pele/parasitologia , Ultrassonografia Doppler/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Animais , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto JovemRESUMO
El queratoacantoma subungueal es una variante infrecuente, no involutiva y localmente destructiva de queratoacantoma, se presenta con cierta predilección en los tres primeros dedos de la mano y con mayor frecuencia en pacientes caucásicos varones, generalmente en la quinta década de la vida. La causa aún es desconocida y se observa con mayor frecuencia en pacientes con incontinencia pigmenti, como una manifestación tardía de ésta. Comunicamos el caso de una paciente con incontinencia pigmenti, quien presenta una lesión en pulgar derecho compatible con un queratoacantoma subungueal. Este tumor se caracteriza por su difícil diagnóstico, por lo que éste debe basarse en la correlación de los hallazgos clínicos, radiológicos e histopatológicos. Es importante realizar el diagnóstico diferencial con el carcinoma escamoso invasor subungueal, ya que, difieren en el tratamiento, siendo el segundo más agresivo y merecedor de un tratamiento radical, a diferencia del queratoacantoma que puede tener un manejo más conservador, a pesar que es solo una variante clínica del carcinoma espinocelular, tal como lo es la enfermedad de Bowen o el carcinoma verrugoso, para nombrar solo a dos.
Subungual keratoacanthoma is a rare and uncommon variant of keratoacanthoma. It shows a locally aggressive behavior, and spontaneous regression is infrequently. The tumour usually occurs on the fifth decade of male caucasian patients, with predilection for the first three fingers of the hand. The cause is still unknown, and occurs more frequently in patients with incontinentia pigmenti and is considered a late manifestation of the disease. We report a patient’s case with incontinentia pigmenti, who has a lesion in her right thumb, compatible with a subungual keratoacanthoma. This tumour is known for being difficult to diagnose, so it must be based on correlation of clinical, radiological and histopathological findings. It is crucial to make the differential diagnosis with subungual invasive squamous cell carcinoma, as they differ in treatment, since the latter has an aggressive behavior and needs radical treatment, while the handling of the keratoacanthoma might be conservative.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is an inflammatory skin disease with a chronic intermittent course. The current classification systems used to categorize disease severity provide limited insight into the degree of inflammation and pain, which are key symptoms of the disease. OBJECTIVE: We sought to investigate the correlation and validity of simple patient- and investigator-assessed items related to inflammation with morphological changes identified by high-frequency ultrasound in HS. METHODS: Twenty patients with the clinical diagnosis of HS were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent clinical examinations during which one representative inflammatory nodule was selected in each patient based on the anamnestic information, patient experience and clinical presentation. Tenderness and flare activity of the representative nodule were graded by the patients and erythema by the investigator. Subsequently, all patients underwent high-resolution ultrasound scanning of their representative nodule. RESULTS: We found significant associations between the size of the representative nodule (the diameter in the transverse plane) and patient assessments of flare activity and tenderness. Moreover, we found a marked association between the size of the nodules and investigator assessment of erythema. CONCLUSION: Patient assessments of flare activity and pain, and investigator assessment of erythema are strongly associated with morphological changes identified using ultrasound, suggesting that these patient- and investigator-assessed items might be strong indicators of the degree of present inflammation in HS.