Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) among school children in Java and Sumatra, Indonesia: associations with respiratory symptoms, house dust mite sensitization and the home environment.

OBJECTIVE: To study associations between fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and asthma, airway symptoms, sensitization to common allergens, outdoor pollution and home environment among 380 students in eight junior high schools in two areas in Indonesia. METHODS: Data on health and home were collected by a face-to face interview before measuring FeNO and performing skin prick test against common allergens. Exploratory linear mixed and logistic regression models were employed. RESULTS: Geometric mean of FeNO was 17.8 ppb (GSD 2.09) and 139 students (36.6%) had elevated FeNO (>20 ppb). In total, 107 students (28.2%) were sensitized to house dust mite (HDM) (Der p1 or Der f1), 4 (1.1%) to cat and 3 (0.8%) to mold (Cladosporium or Alternaria). Moreover, 20 students (5.3%) had diagnosed asthma, 38 (10.0%) had current wheeze, and 107 (28.2%) had current rhinitis. HDM sensitization, diagnosed asthma, current wheeze, and current rhinitis were associated with FeNO. In total, 281 students (73.9%) had mold or dampness, 232 (61.1%) had environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and 43 (11.3%) had other odor at home. Indoor mold or dampness and other odor at home were associated with FeNO. ETS was negatively associated with FeNO. CONCLUSION: HDM sensitization and elevated FeNO can be common among children in this part of Indonesia. The high prevalence of elevated FeNO indicate that undiagnosed childhood asthma is common. Dampness, mold and odor at home can be associated with increased FeNO while ETS can be associated with decreased FeNO.

Uncover the trends, gaps, and main topics on online grocery shopping: Bibliometric analysis.

This study uses the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) approach to curate many papers and select documents according to specific qualifications to include in a systematic literature review. At the identification stage, there are 1221 abstract documents showing their relation to online grocery shopping. Furthermore, the researcher selected 571 Scopus abstracts at the screening stage, and then through the VOS Viewers software, the researchers conducted a bibliometric analysis. The bibliometric analysis in this study aims to find trending topics and research gaps in online grocery shopping. At the eligibility stage, there are 170 full-text articles related to the issue of online grocery shopping; until the last stage, through manual selection, the researcher determined 43 full-text articles that met the qualifications for in-depth analysis using a systematic literature review approach. The research findings state that there are several main topics on online grocery shopping, such as customer segmentation and shopping preferences, grocery online shopping behavior, and intentions on online grocery shopping. The findings of this study explain the factors that influence the decision to use online grocery shopping that become a reference for further research to design a model of online grocery shopping intentions.

Determinants of COVID-19 Knowledge, Perception and Attitudes in Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Survey.

Many countries, including Indonesia, were gravely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. While younger people were rarely severely affected by an infection, they still served as important spreaders of the disease. Therefore, the knowledge, perception and attitudes regarding COVID-19 of a mostly younger population was assessed in this study using a quantitative survey and semi-structured questionnaire. Out of 15 questions on COVID-19, males answered fewer questions (-1.26) correctly. Persons reporting more diseases in the last year (+0.49 per disease) that lived in a central area of Indonesia, and that had a better socio-economic status defined through household condition scores, had better knowledge of the symptoms, causes of and measures against COVID-19. Better knowledge independently predicted more responsible attitudes and stated behavior. Knowledge and understanding should be enhanced through information campaigns targeted specifically towards men, persons with poor socio-economic backgrounds and those living in the periphery of the state.

The effects of climate factors, population density, and vector density on the incidence of dengue hemorrhagic fever in South Jakarta Administrative City 2016-2020: an ecological study.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is an infectious disease caused by the dengue virus (DENV) and is transmitted through the bite of the Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the incidence of DHF which can be influenced by climatic factors in the same month (non-time lag), climatic factors with a lag of 1 month (time lag 1), climatic factors with a lag of 2 months (time lag 2), population density, and vector density. METHODS: The study design used is an ecological study. The data is sourced from the South Jakarta City Administration of Health, the South Jakarta City Administration of Central Statistics, and the Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency. Data were analyzed using correlation test. RESULTS: The results showed that the incidence of DHF was related to non-time lag rainfall, time lag 1, and time lag 2, air temperature time lag 2, air humidity non-time lag, time lag 1, and time lag 2, population density, and numbers of mosquito's larvae free index (ABJ). CONCLUSIONS: DHF is still a disease that needs to be watched out for in the South Jakarta Administrative City, requiring the government and the people of the South Jakarta Administration to continue to increase efforts to prevent and control DHF.

Societal determinants of HIV vulnerability among clients of female commercial sex workers in Indonesia.

This study aimed to explore societal determinants of HIV vulnerability among the clients of female commercial sex workers (FCSWs) in Belu and Malaka districts, Indonesia. A qualitative inquiry using in-depth interviews was employed to collect data from participants (n = 42) recruited using a purposive and snowball sampling technique. Data analysis was guided by a qualitative data analysis framework. The study results revealed several societal determinants that supported vulnerability to HIV infection among the participants. They included low education level and sexual health literacy including the lack of knowledge and information about HIV transmission and prevention. Additional determinants identified were limited source of HIV/AIDS-related information, availability of and ease of accessibility of brothels and FCSWs, peer influence, and high mobility of the study participants. Findings of this study indicate the needs and call for interventions that aim to protect both FCSWs and their clients, through provision of HIV/AIDS and sexual health education and information and improvement in the availability and accessibility of condoms.