RESUMO
Recipients of a kidney from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) but not from normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) develop posttransplantation hypertension. To investigate whether renal sodium retention precedes the development of posttransplantation hypertension in recipients of an SHR kidney on a standard sodium diet (0.6% NaCl), we transplanted SHR and WKY kidneys to SHR x WKY F1 hybrids, measured daily sodium balances during the first 12 days after removal of both native kidneys, and recorded mean arterial pressure (MAP) after 8 wk. Recipients of an SHR kidney (n = 12) retained more sodium than recipients of a WKY kidney (n = 12) (7.3 +/- 10 vs. 4.0 +/- 0.7 mmol, P < 0.05). MAP was 144 +/- 6 mmHg in recipients of an SHR kidney and 106 +/- 5 mmHg in recipients of a WKY kidney (P < 0.01). Modest sodium restriction (0.2% NaCl) in a further group of recipients of an SHR kidney (n = 10) did not prevent posttransplantation hypertension (MAP, 142 +/- 4 mmHg). Urinary endothelin and urodilatin excretion rates were similar in recipients of an SHR and a WKY kidney. Transient excess sodium retention after renal transplantation may contribute to posttransplantation hypertension in recipients of an SHR kidney.
Assuntos
Homeostase/fisiologia , Hipertensão Renal/metabolismo , Transplante de Rim , Rim/metabolismo , Sódio/urina , Animais , Fator Natriurético Atrial/urina , Dieta Hipossódica , Endotelinas/urina , Homeostase/efeitos dos fármacos , Hipertensão Renal/dietoterapia , Rim/cirurgia , Masculino , Nefrectomia , Fragmentos de Peptídeos/urina , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos SHR , Ratos Endogâmicos WKY , Sódio/sangue , Cloreto de Sódio na Dieta/farmacologiaRESUMO
Carbonic anhydrase activity was measured in lyzed erythrocytes from smoking and non-smoking young men as well as from diabetic and healthy young women. Enzyme activity was determined by a changing-pH-assay, using a stirred reaction vessel and glass pH electrode. CAA was lower in smokers than in non-smokers. Furthermore, it was lower in diabetics than in nondiabetic controls. We conclude that cigarette smoking as well as diabetes mellitus may reduce erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase activity.