The efficacy and safety of fluconazole in preventing invasive fungal infection in very low birth weight infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

This meta-analysis aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of fluconazole for the prevention of invasive fungal infections (IFI) in very low birth weight infants (VLBWI) and to provide a basis for the clinical use. A detailed search of Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library and other databases was performed to carefully screen eligible randomized controlled clinical studies to assess the safety and efficacy of fluconazole in very low birth weight infants in terms of the incidence of invasive fungal infections, fungal colonization rate, and mortality. Our research indicated that the application of fluconazole did not result in intolerable adverse reactions in patients. Fluconazole is effective in preventing invasive fungal infections in very low birth weight infants without serious adverse effects. The dose and frequency of fluconazole in very low birth weight infants still needs to be evaluated in consequent studies.

Analysis of the Application Value of X-Ray Digital Tomographic Fusion Technique in Urinary System Diseases.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the application value of the X-ray digital tomographic fusion technique in the diagnosis of urinary system diseases. METHODS: 500 patients with suspected urinary diseases in our hospital were examined by three methods: X-ray digital tomographic fusion imaging (DTS), intravenous pyelography (IVP), and abdominal plain film (KUB), and the image quality before and after tomographic fusion was objectively evaluated. The image quality could be divided into three grades: excellent, good, and poor. RESULTS: The image excellent rate of DTS (88%) was higher than that of IVP (27.5%). The sensitivity of DTS in the diagnosis of renal cyst and space occupying of the bladder was higher than that of IVP (P < 0.05). The accuracy rate of DTS in the diagnosis of urinary calculi was 93.33%, higher than 63.3% of KUB (P < 0.001). The accuracy rate of DTS in the diagnosis of ureteral stricture was 90%, higher than 65% of IVP (P=0.03). The accuracy of DTS in the diagnosis of hydronephrosis was higher than that of IVP and KUB (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: In the examination of urinary system-related diseases, high-definition images can be obtained by timely using sectional fusion technology. Compared with conventional IVP, space occupying lesions such as the bladder and kidney can be displayed more clearly with the help of the tomographic fusion technique, which is helpful to improve the possibility of finding lesions and is of great significance in clinical application.

Improvement of the health of people with autism spectrum disorder by exercise / Melhoria da saúde de pessoas com transtorno do espectro do autismo por meio de exercícios físicos / Mejora de la salud de las personas con trastorno del espectro autista mediante el ejercicio físico

ABSTRACT Introduction Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a typical neurological development disorder of the brain, exhibiting social communication and communication disorders, narrow interests, and repetitive, stereotyped behaviors. Movement development is an important evaluation index for the development of early motor function in children, so exercise intervention in children with ASD is of great significance. Objective This article conducts exercise intervention on children with ASD to stimulate their exercise ability and improve their self-care ability. Methods The article randomly grouped 24 children with an autism spectrum disorder. The experimental group received exercise intervention, and the control group had regular classes. After the experiment is completed, the influence of exercise intervention on children with autism is analyzed. Results The motor skills of the two groups of children were different after the intervention. The motor skills of the experimental group improved more significantly. Conclusion Exercise intervention can significantly improve the motor skills of children with an autism spectrum disorder. To evaluate whether the large-muscle motor skill learning of children with ASD and its influence on basic motor skills can be transferred to provide a reference for related motor intervention. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

RESUMO Introdução O transtorno do espectro do autismo (TEA) é um transtorno do neurodesenvolvimento típico do cérebro, que apresenta transtornos de comunicação e comunicação social, interesses estreitos e comportamentos repetitivos e estereotipados. O desenvolvimento do movimento é um índice de avaliação importante para o desenvolvimento da função motora precoce em crianças, portanto, a intervenção com exercícios em crianças com TEA é de grande importância. Objetivo Este artigo realiza uma intervenção de exercícios em crianças com TEA para estimular sua capacidade de exercício e melhorar sua capacidade de autocuidado. Métodos O artigo agrupou aleatoriamente 24 crianças com transtorno do espectro do autismo. O grupo experimental recebeu intervenção de exercícios e o grupo controle teve aulas regulares. Após a conclusão do experimento, a influência da intervenção do exercício em crianças com autismo é analisada. Resultados As habilidades motoras dos dois grupos de crianças foram diferentes após a intervenção. As habilidades motoras do grupo experimental melhoraram mais significativamente. Conclusão A intervenção com exercícios pode melhorar significativamente as habilidades motoras de crianças com transtorno do espectro do autismo. Avaliar se a aprendizagem de grandes habilidades motoras musculares de crianças com TEA e sua influência nas habilidades motoras básicas podem ser transferidos para fornecer uma referência para a intervenção motora relacionada. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos: investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción El trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) es un trastorno del desarrollo neurológico típico del cerebro, que presenta trastornos de comunicación y comunicación social, intereses estrechos y comportamientos repetitivos y estereotipados. El desarrollo del movimiento es un índice de evaluación importante para el desarrollo de la función motora temprana en los niños, por lo que la intervención con ejercicios en niños con TEA es de gran importancia. Objetivo Este artículo realiza una intervención de ejercicio en niños con TEA para estimular su capacidad de ejercicio y mejorar su capacidad de autocuidado. Métodos El artículo agrupó aleatoriamente a 24 niños con un trastorno del espectro autista. El grupo experimental recibió intervención con ejercicios y el grupo de control tuvo clases regulares. Una vez completado el experimento, se analiza la influencia de la intervención del ejercicio en los niños con autismo. Resultados Las habilidades motoras de los dos grupos de niños fueron diferentes después de la intervención. Las habilidades motoras del grupo experimental mejoraron de manera más significativa. Conclusión La intervención con ejercicios puede mejorar significativamente las habilidades motoras de los niños con un trastorno del espectro autista. Evaluar si el aprendizaje de las habilidades motoras de los músculos grandes de los niños con TEA y su influencia en las habilidades motoras básicas se puede transferir para proporcionar una referencia para la intervención motora relacionada. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos: investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Analysis of the effects of electroacupuncture at the pericardium 6 acupoint on heart function in patients with angina using equilibrium radionuclide angiocardiography quantity analysis technique.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze changes in cardiac function indices after electroacupuncture (EA) at the pericardium 6 (PC-6) acupoint using the equilibrium radionuclide angiocardiography (ERNA) quantity analysis technique. DESIGN: Analysis of clinical outcomes after EA at PC-6 measured by ERNA. SETTING: The study was conducted in a hospital. PARTICIPANTS: 31 participants (17 patients with angina and 14 healthy volunteers). INTERVENTION: The study used ERNA to study outcomes of EA at PC-6 on heart function. OUTCOME MEASURE: ERNA images were taken before the treatment (T0), at the end of the treatment (T1), and 20 minutes after the treatment (T2) and then processed. RESULTS: Regional left ventricular ejection fraction (REF) increased after EA in the angina and control groups. REF at T2 was significantly higher than at T1 in the angina group (p<.01). In the control group, REF was higher at T1 than at T0 (p<.01) but did not differ between T1 and T2 (p=.08). The REF deviation among ventricular regions in the angina group was significantly greater than that in the control group at T0 (p<.01) but was reduced to the level of that in control group after EA (p=.52). Peak filling rate was lower in the angina group than in controls at all three time points (all p<.01). After EA, peak filling rate increased markedly in the angina group but not in the control group. The cardiac cycle was shorter in the angina group than in the control group at T0 (p<.01) and increased after EA. The cardiac cycle of the control group did not change. CONCLUSION: Effects of EA at PC-6 on heart function can be detected and quantified by ENRA.

ß-elemene induces caspase-dependent apoptosis in human glioma cells in vitro through the upregulation of Bax and Fas/ FasL and downregulation of Bcl-2.

BACKGROUND: ß-elemene, extracted from herb medicine Curcuma wenyujin has potent anti-tumor effects in various cancer cell lines. However, the activity of ß-elemene against glioma cells remains unclear. In the present study, we assessed effects of ß-elemene on human glioma cells and explored the underlying mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Human glioma U87 cells were used. Cell proliferation was determined with MTT assay and colony formation assay to detect the effect of ß-elemene at different doses and times. Fluorescence microscopy was used to observe cell apoptosis with Hoechst 33258 staining and change of glioma apoptosis and cell cycling were analyzed by flow cytometry. Real-time quantitative PCR and Western-blotting assay were performed to investigated the influence of ß-elemene on expression levels of Fas/FasL, caspase-3, Bcl-2 and Bax. The experiment was divided into two groups: the blank control group and ß-elemne treatment group. RESULTS: With increase in the concentration of ß-elemene, cytotoxic effects were enhanced in the glioma cell line and the concentration of inhibited cell viability (IC50) was 48.5 µg/mL for 24h. ß-elemene could induce cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase. With Hoechst 33258 staining, apoptotic nuclear morphological changes were observed. Activation of caspase-3,-8 and -9 was increased and the pro-apoptotic factors Fas/FasL and Bax were upregulated, while the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 was downregulated after treatment with ß-elemene at both mRNA and protein levels. Furthermore, proliferation and colony formation by U87 cells were inhibited by ß-elemene in a time and does- dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that ß-elemene inhibits growth and induces apoptosis of human glioma cells in vitro. The induction of apoptosis appears to be related with the upregulation of Fas/FasL and Bax, activation of caspase-3,-8 and -9 and downregulation of Bcl-2, which then trigger major apoptotic cascades.

[Discriminatory analyses of climacteric syndrome patients of shen deficiency syndrome].

OBJECTIVE: To find out a set of practical,objective, and quantitative laboratory indices of climacteric syndrome (CS) patients of Shen deficiency syndrome (SDS), thus studying the essence of SDS from the perspective of laboratory medicine. METHODS: Recruited were 40 CS patients of SDS (or of SDS as main syndrome) as the SDS group, while another 40 healthy subjects were recruited as the control group. Their serum samples were collected. Serum levels of total triiodothyronine (TT3), total thyroxine (TT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone (TESTO), estradiol (E2), prolactin (PRL), progesterone (PROG), cortisol (CORT), immunoglobulin M (IgM), immunoglobulin G (lgG), Complement 3 (C3), complement hemolysis 50% (CH50), angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), aldosterone (ALD), serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and bone Gla-protein (BGP) were measured by automatic electrochemical luminescence assay analyzer, automatic chemiluminescence assay analyzer, automatic biochemistry analyzer, and automatic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analyzer. The correlation between syndrome types and laboratory indices were judged by gradual discriminant analyses. RESULTS: (1) Compared with the control group,serum levels of CORT, TESTO, E2, TT3, FT3, FT4, TSH, C3, CH50, ALP, and BGP significantly decreased in the SDS group (P < 0.01, P < 0. 05), while FSH, LH, and ACE significantly increased (P < 0.05). (2) The index with stronger capacity for diagnosing CS patients of SDS was ranked from high to low as CH50, PROG, TSH, TESTO, BGP, CORT, and C3, with their contribution rate of the discriminant function being 95.9%. (3) Discriminant analysis equation of CS patients of SDS was Y = -25.904 - 0.468CH50 + 0.002PROG + 0.182TSH + 9.690TESTO + 1.015BGP + 0.016CORT + 33.581 C3. CONCLUSIONS: (1) CS patients of SDS were closely correlated with thyroid hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, renin-renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system,the immune function, and bone formation, and etc. (2) CH50 might be of a high sensibility marker for diagnosing CS patients of SDS. (3) Discriminant analysis equations of laboratory medicine index may be used in preliminary diagnosis and auxiliary certificate of CS patients of SDS.

[Effects of aerosolized perfluorocarbon on gas exchange, respiratory mechanics and hemodynamics in a swine model of acute respiratory distress syndrome].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of aerosolized perfluorocarbon (PFC) on gas exchanges, respiratory mechanics and hemodynamics in a swine model of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). METHODS: ARDS was induced by intratracheal instillation of detergent in 16 piglets, and the animals were then randomly assigned to a PFC treated group (n = 8) and a control group (n = 8). Animals of the control group were gas-ventilated with 100% O2 (3 L/min), while those of the PFC treated group received an additional continuous aerosolized PFC at 7 - 8 ml.kg(-1).h(-1). Blood gases, average artery pressure, heart rate, platform pressure, compliance, expiratory tidal volume and intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEPi) were measured per 15 minutes. RESULTS: Detergent instillation resulted in a marked decrease in arterial oxygen pressure (PaO2) within 60 min, from (383 +/- 53) mm Hg (1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa) to (49 +/- 12) mm Hg in the control group [fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) 100%], and from (377 +/- 55) mm Hg to (56 +/- 13) mm Hg in the PFC group (FiO2 100%). After 2 h treatment, PaO2 was increased from (49 +/- 12) mm Hg to (83 +/- 51) mm Hg in the control group, compliance from (1.4 +/- 0.4) ml/cm H2O to (2.8 +/- 1.8) ml/cm H2O, and expiratory tidal volume from (30.8 +/- 5.5) ml to (50.1 +/- 4.1) ml in the control group; PaO2 from (56 +/- 13) mm Hg to (189 +/- 133) mm Hg, compliance from (1.5 +/- 0.4) ml/cm H2O to (4.1 +/- 1.4) ml/cm H2O, and expiratory tidal volume from (30.8 +/- 3.3) ml to (74.5 +/- 16.9) ml in the PFC group (all P < 0.05). There were no significant differences between groups in arterial carbon dioxide pressure (PaCO2), pH values, blood pressure, heart rates, plat pressure and PEEPi during treatment (all P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: It is suggested that aerosolized PFC increases arterial oxygenation, compliance, and expiratory tidal volume in extended detergent-induced ARDS.