RESUMO
The development of 6 G networks has promoted related research based on terahertz communication. As submillimeter radiation, signal transportation via terahertz waves has several superior properties, including non-ionizing and easy penetration of non-metallic materials. This paper provides an overview of different terahertz detectors based on various mechanisms. Additionally, the detailed fabrication process, structural design, and the improvement strategies are summarized. Following that, it is essential and necessary to prevent the practical signal from noise, and methods such as wavelet transform, UM-MIMO and decoding have been introduced. This paper highlights the detection process of the terahertz wave system and signal processing after the collection of signal data.