Substituent Dependence on Series of Cationic Gyroidal MOFs in utc-c Topology with High CO2 Affinity and Ultrahigh Anionic Dye Adsorption Capacity.

A substituent decorating strategy for modification of the functional cavity is of great importance in the design of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). Herein, three new isostructural cationic MOFs, [Cu3(Xpip)2]·NO3·nH2O (Xpip stands for X-substituted phenylimidazophenanthroline, where X = adm (SCNU-2), f (SCNU-3), and none for SCNU-4), have been successfully synthesized and shown gyroidal utc-c topology and large pore sizes which can be adjusted by different substituents (-N(CH3)2, -F, and -H). Interestingly, the differences of the substituents (sizes and proton donor/acceptor) show essential effects on the adsorption abilities of carbon dioxide and dyes, where SCNU-4 exhibits the highest CO2 affinity and the biggest adsorption capacity for anionic dyes Fluorescein Sodium, and SCNU-3 adsorbs the largest amount (1503.6 mg/g) of Acid Fuchsin to date for the reported porous materials. The detailed studies in adsorption kinetics, adsorption isotherms, and theoretical calculation of the binding energies between the structures and dye molecules confirm that the electric properties of the frameworks (cationic) and substituents directed to the pore surface are two important factors dramatically affecting the selective dye adsorption.

High mobility group box-1 serves a pathogenic role in spinal cord injury via the promotion of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating condition marked by permanent motor, sensory, and autonomic dysfunction, in which the inflammatory response serves an important and preventable role. High mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) is a potent regulator of inflammation in numerous acute and chronic inflammatory conditions.; however, the role of HMGB1 in SCI remains unclear. The present study aimed to characterize the temporal dynamics of HMGB1 release after SCI, to investigate the role of spinal microglia activation in mediating the effects of HMGB1 on SCI, and to explore the therapeutic potential of intrathecal anti-HMGB1 polyclonal antibody on alleviating SCI. The present study demonstrated that HMGB1 expression was increased immediately after traumatic injury of a primary spinal neuron culture. It was found that neutralizing HMGB1 significantly ameliorated SCI pathogenesis and hind limb paralysis. Moreover, the levels of a number of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the SCI lesion were reduced when local HMGB1 was blocked by anti-HMGB1 antibody. In addition, the injured neuron-derived conditioned medium increased TNF-α secretion and the NF-κB pathway in the BV2 microglia cell line via HMGB1. Collectively, these results indicated that HMGB1 served an important role in SCI inflammation and suggested the therapeutic potential of an anti-HMGB1 antibody for SCI.

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers and polychlorinated biphenyls in freshwater fish from Taihu Lake, China: their levels and the factors that influence biomagnification.

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), two types of persistent organic pollutants that have been used widely, can be released into the environment and accumulate in organisms. To obtain a better understanding of the biomagnification of PBDEs and PCBs in fish, as well as the influences on biomagnification by fish size and physical properties of PBDEs and PCBs, a total of 200 samples of 24 fish species were collected and analyzed from Taihu Lake, the second largest freshwater lake in China. The concentrations of PBDEs and PCBs ranged from 8.59 to 74.28 ng/g lipid weight (lw) and from 10.30 to 165.20 ng/g lw, respectively. Trophic magnification factors (TMFs) were used to estimate the PBDE and PCB biomagnification potentials. The TMF values of PBDEs and PCBs ranged from 0.78 to 2.95 and from 0.92 to 2.60, respectively. Most of the TMFs were greater than 1, indicating that these contaminants were biomagnified in food chains. Fish size might influence the biomagnification evaluation, because different sized fish had different lipid content, leading to different lipid-based concentrations of PBDEs and PCBs. Parabolic relationships were observed between the TMFs and logK(OW) , as well as between the TMFs and the molecular volumes of PBDE and PCB congeners. The congeners with logK(OW) values of approximately 7 or molecular volumes of approximately 8 × 10⁻5 nm³ had the greatest biomagnification potentials. Compared to molecular weight, molecular volume seems to be the better standard for analyzing the influence of molecular size on biomagnification.

Dibenzyl sulfoxide.

There are two independent mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit of the title compound, C(14)H(14)OS, which have asymmetric S-C bonds [1.791 (5) and 1.804 (5) Šin one mol-ecule and 1.798 (5) and 1.804 (5) Šin the other]. The long axes of the mol-ecules are directed along the crystallographic b axis.

Dichlorido(4,5-diaza-fluoren-9-one-κN,N')palladium(II).

The structure of the title compound, [PdCl(2)(C(11)H(6)N(2)O)], shows a nearly square-planar geometry for the Pd(II) atom within a Cl(2)N(2) donor set.