Chinese university students' preferences for physical activity incentive programs: a discrete choice experiment.

Purpose: This study aims to explore and compare Chinese university students' preferences for various physical activity motivation programs. Patients and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in China from February 25 to March 25, 2022. Participants anonymously completed an online questionnaire based on a DCE. A total of 1,358 university students participated in the survey. The conditional logit model (CLM), willingness to accept (WTA), and propensity score matching (PSM) were used to assess college students' preferences for different attributes and levels of physical activity incentive programs. Results: Respondents identified the number of bonus, exercise time, and academic rewards as the three most significant attributes of the athletic incentive program. The importance of each attribute varied based on individual characteristics such as gender and BMI. In CLM, college students displayed a preference for a "¥4" bonus amount (OR: 2.04, 95% CI 1.95-2.13), "20 min" of exercise time (OR: 1.85, 95% CI 1.79-1.92), and "bonus points for comprehensive test scores" as academic rewards (OR: 1.33, 95% CI 1.28-1.37). According to the WTA results, college students were willing to accept the highest cost to obtain academic rewards tied to composite test scores. Conclusion: The number of bonus, exercise time, and academic rewards emerge as the three most crucial attributes of physical activity incentive programs. Furthermore, college students with different characteristics exhibit heterogeneity in their preferences for such programs. These findings can guide the development of programs and policies aimed at motivating college students to engage in physical activities.

Current Status and Influencing Factors of Eating Behavior in Residents at the Age of 18~60: A Cross-Sectional Study in China.

As eating behavior is important to health, this cross-sectional study was conducted to analyze the factors influencing the eating behavior related to overweight and obesity of Chinese residents aged 18~60 based on the Ecological Model of Health Behavior. The short-form of the Eating Behavior Scale (EBS-SF) was applied to evaluate eating behavior. The multivariable linear stepwise regression analysis was used to identify and analyze the influence factors, and the receiver operating characteristic curves analysis to validate the predictive capability of the EBS-SF score in differentiating overweight and obesity. A total of 8623 participants were enrolled. In the personal characteristics, male (ß = -0.03), older [36-45 years (ß = -0.06) or 46-60 years (ß = -0.07)], higher scores of Agreeableness (ß = -0.04), Conscientiousness (ß = -0.14) or Openness (ß = -0.03) contributed to healthy eating behavior. In the individual behaviors, those who smoked (ß = 0.04), drank alcohol (ß = 0.05), exercised frequently (ß = 0.07), had higher PHQ-9 scores (ß = 0.29) may have improper eating habits. As for the interpersonal networks, the residents who were married (ß = -0.04) behaved well when eating, while those who had offspring or siblings tended to have unhealthy eating behavior. At the community level, living in Western China (ß = -0.03), having a monthly household income of 6001-9000 yuan per capita (ß = -0.04), having no debt (ß = -0.02), being retired (ß = -0.03), or having lower PSSS scores (ß = -0.03) led to lower EBS-SF scores. And the EBS-SF score demonstrated a moderate-high accuracy in predicting overweight and obesity.

The contribution of plasma uric acid to the risk of stroke in hypertensive populations.

BACKGROUND: There is limited available evidence of a relationship between uric acid (UA) level and stroke in hypertensive populations worldwide. We aimed to estimate the relationship between UA level and stroke in Chinese hypertensive populations. METHODS: A total of 4 710 essentially hypertensive Chinese patients, including 307 with stroke, were recruited consecutively by cluster sampling from 60 communities in Shenzhen from April 2010 to September 2011. Demographic characteristics, UA level and stroke diagnosis were collected from every participant. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the association between UA level and stroke. RESULTS: The study population comprised 2 361 females and 2 349 males, with a mean age of 58 ± 11.75 years. There were significant associations between UA level and stroke and ischaemic stroke (IS) risk for females in the crude model (M0), model 1 (M1) and model 2 (M2), with increasing odds ratios (OR) as the quartiles (Q) increased. The odds of stroke risk was highest in Q4 in M2 (UA > 396 µmol/l, OR: 3.05, 95% CI: 1.74-5.36 and OR: 3.19, 95% CI: 1.74-5.85), but not for males in M0, M1 and M2. A significant dose-response relationship existed between UA level and stroke, and between UA level and IS for females but not for males. Hyperuricaemia (HU) was also significantly associated with stroke and IS for females but not for males. Taking negative uric acid, homocysteine, triglycerides, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (UA-Hcy-TG-TC-LDL-C-) as the reference, the combinations of UA+Hcy+TG-TC-LDL-, UA+Hcy+TG+TC+LDL-C- and UA+Hcy+TG+TC+LDL-C+ were significantly associated with the risk of stroke for females (OR = 2.48, 7.85 and 3.04). CONCLUSIONS: High UA level could significantly increase stroke risk in female hypertensive patients. Female hypertensive patients may benefit from managing UA at normal levels for stroke prevention.

Prevalence of occupational exposure and its influence on job satisfaction among Chinese healthcare workers: a large-sample, cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVES: This study had three objectives: (1) describe the prevalence of occupational exposure among Chinese medical personnel in detail, (2) verify the partial mediating role of work environment satisfaction in the relationship between occupational exposure and job satisfaction, and (3) examine if stress symptoms moderate the relationship between occupational exposure and job satisfaction. DESIGN: A large cross-sectional online survey was conducted in July 2018 in China. SETTING: A survey was conducted in 54 cities across 14 provinces of China. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 12 784 questionnaires were distributed, and 9924 healthcare workers (HCWs) completed valid questionnaires. The response rate was 77.63%. OUTCOME MEASURES: A confidential questionnaire was distributed to HCWs. The relationships among and the mechanisms of the variables were explored using descriptive statistical analyses, Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS: The most common occupational exposures among HCWs in the past 12 months were psychosocial and organisational hazards (85.93%). Overall, physicians (93.7%) and nurses (89.2%) were the main victims of occupational exposure. Occupational exposure correlated negatively with work environment satisfaction and job satisfaction, and positively with stress symptoms. Moreover, work environment satisfaction fully mediated the relationship between occupational exposure and job satisfaction, and stress symptoms moderated the relationship between occupational exposure and job satisfaction. CONCLUSION: The incidence of occupational exposure among HCWs is generally high. The high frequency of psychosocial and organisational hazards among physicians and nurses should be taken seriously and dealt with in a timely manner by hospital managers. The negative impact of occupational exposure on job satisfaction must be buffered by measures to reduce stress symptoms and enhance working environment satisfaction, ultimately improving the overall quality of life of HCWs and promoting comprehensive development of the medical team.

Theoretical investigation into the influence of molar ratio on mixture system: α, γ, δ-HMX molecules coexisting with ß-HMX crystal.

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was conducted to research the effect of molar ratios for α/ß-HMX, γ/ß-HMX, and δ/ß-HMX(octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine) mixture systems on thermal stability, sensitivity, and mechanical properties of explosives, and the computing models were established by Materials Studio (MS). The binding energies, the maximum trigger bond length (LN-NO2), cohesive energy density as well as mechanical properties of the mixture systems and the pure ß-HMX crystal were obtained and contrasted. The results demonstrate that the molar ratios have great influence on the binding capacity of molecules between α, γ, δ-HMX, and ß-HMX in the mixture systems. The binding energies decrease with the increase of molecular molar ratio and have the maximum values at the 1:1 M ratio. The maximum trigger bond length does not change apparently after mixing, while the cohesive energy density (CED) increases as the molar ratio increases but are all smaller than the pure ß-HMX crystal, demonstrating that the sensitivity of the mixture systems increases. The mechanical properties decrease after mixture, which illustrates that the mechanical properties of the pure crystal are superior to the mixture systems.

Efficacy of vortioxetine combined cognitive behaviour intervention therapy on brain-derived neurotrophic factor level on depressive patients.

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the effect of vortioxetine combined with cognitive behaviour intervention on the level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the serum of patients with depression and its therapeutic effect. METHODS: A total of 82 depressive patients treated at the School of Basic Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine from January 2017 to June 2017 were randomised into a control group (n = 41) and intervention group (n = 41) according to a random number table. Both groups were given vortioxetine treatment, while the intervention group adopted an additional cognitive-behavioural therapy at the same time. The therapeutic effect was evaluated using the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD). The cognitive function was evaluated using continuous performance test (CPT) and Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST). The changes of BDNF level were detected with the use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: The HAMD score of the intervention group was obviously lower than that of the control group after treatment (P < 0.001). WCST test showed that the number of trials, perseverative errors and non-perseverative errors in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group, while the correct matching number and the number of categories achieved were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P < 0.001). Results of CPT showed that the correct number of responses to stimulus, the verbal fluency and the fluency of classification in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P < 0.05). Moreover, after treatment, the serum BDNF level of the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Vortioxetine combined with cognitive behavioural therapy has a good clinical effect and can largely improve the cognitive function of depressive patients.

Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Simultaneous Determination and Pharmacokinetic Study of Fourteen Alkaloid Components in Dog Plasma after Oral Administration of Corydalis bungeana Turcz Extract.

A rapid and sensitive Ultra high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method was developed for the simultaneous determination of fourteen alkaloids in beagle dog plasma after a single oral dose of the Corydalis bungeana Turcz (C. bungeana) extract selected bifendate as the internal standard (IS). The plasma samples were preprocessed by liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) with aether before separation on an Agilent SB-C18 column (1.8 µm, 150 × 2.1 mm) using a gradient elution program. The mobile phase consists of 0.2% acetic acid and acetonitrile at the flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. In the positive ion mode, the analytes were detected by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). The results indicated that calibration curves for fourteen analytes have good linearity (R² = 0.9904). The lower limits of quantification (LLOQ) of fourteen alkaloids and IS were all over 4.87 ng/mL and the matrix effects ranged from 94.08% to 102.76%. The mean extraction recoveries of Quality control samples at low (LQC), medium (MQC) and high (HQC) and IS were all more than 78.03%. The intra- and inter-day precision (R.S.D.%) also met the criterion, at the same time the deviation of assay accuracies (R.E) ranged from -13.70% to 14.40%. The Tmax values of fourteen alkaloids were no more than 1 h. The range of Cmax was from 74.16 ± 8.71 to 2256 ± 255.9 ng/mL. The assay was validated in the light of the regulatory bioanalytical guidelines and proved acceptable, which was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of these compounds in beagle dogs after oral administration of Corydalis bungeana Turcz extract.

Microstructure Changes in Polyester Polyurethane upon Thermal and Humid Aging.

The microstructure of compression molded Estane 5703 films exposed to 11%, 45%, and 80% relative humidity and 70 °C for 1 and 2 months has been studied by small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Scattering data indicated increase of the interdomain distance and domain size with a higher humidity and longer aging time. GPC data showed a progressive shortening of polyurethane chains with increasing humidity and aging time. The shortening of the polyurethane chains caused a drop of the glass transition temperature of soft segments, and promoted crystallization of the soft segments during long-time storage of the aged samples at room temperature. FTIR showed a substantial increase in the number of inter-urethane H-bonds in the aged samples. This correlates with the increase of the hard domain size and the degree of phase separation as measured by SANS. The data collected reveals that the reduced steric hindrance caused by hydrolysis of ester links in polybutylene adipate residues promotes the organization of hard segments into domains, leading to the increase of domain size and distance, as well as phase segregation in aged Estane. These findings provide insight into the effects of humidity and thermal aging on the microstructure of aged polyester urethane from molecular to nanoscale level.