Deoxycholic acid exacerbates intestinal inflammation by modulating interleukin-1ß expression and tuft cell proportion in dextran sulfate sodium-induced murine colitis.

Background: The etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unclear. However, intestinal metabolism is known to be critical in the pathogenesis of IBD. Bile acid is one of the main intestinal metabolites, and its role in the pathogenesis of IBD is worthy of investigation. This study investigated the role of deoxycholic acid (DCA), a bile acid, in the pathogenesis of IBD. Methods: Peripheral serum metabolomics, fecal metabolomics, and microbiome analyses were performed on patients with IBD and healthy controls. Flow cytometry, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunohistochemical staining, and immunofluorescence analysis were used to evaluate cytokines in the inflamed colonic mucosa and immune cells and tuft cells in the intestine of mice with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Results: In total, 156 patients with IBD and 58 healthy controls were enrolled. DCA levels in the serum and feces of patients with IBD were significantly decreased compared to the controls. This decrease was associated with a decrease in the abundance of intestinal flora, including Firmicutes, Clostridia, Ruminnococcaceae, and Lachnospiraceae. Additionally, interleukin (IL)-1ß levels in the serum of patients with active Crohn's disease were significantly increased compared with the healthy controls. Moreover, in DCA-treated DSS-induced mice, the expression of IL-1ß and the proportion of CD3+ and CD4+ T cells increased while the number of intestinal tuft cells decreased, compared with the DSS group. Conclusion: In IBD patients, the decreased DCA levels in serum and fecal samples are associated with disturbances in gut microflora diversity and abundance. Possible mechanisms by which DCA affects immunity in DSS-induced murine colitis include increasing IL-1ß secretion, reducing the number of tuft cells in the mucosa, and activating CD4+ and CD3+ T cells to exaggerate immune responses, consequently worsening intestinal inflammation.

[Interlaboratory comparison for determination of lead in drinking water].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze and evaluate the testing capability of lead in drinking water in the laboratories of the provincial and municipal centers for disease control and prevention across the country by implementing the interlaboratory comparison project. METHODS: The preparation method of the secondary standard materials were used as the reference for the sample preparation in the interlaboratory comparison project. The homogeneity and stability of the samples and short-term stability for simulated transportation were tested by single factor analysis of variance(ANOVA) and mean consistency test(t test). On top of using the kernel density estimation to test the distribution of laboratory test result, we adopted a robust statistical method to analyze the laboratory test result and used Z-score to evaluate the testing ability of each participating laboratory. RESULTS: A total of 448 laboratories throughout the country participated in the proficiency testing program.341 laboratories(76.1%) of participating laboratories, obtained satisfactory result. Results provided by 28 laboratories(6.3%) of total participating laboratories, were found suspicious in their capacities. Finally, there were 79 laboratories(17.6%) of total participating laboratories, with result found to be outliers. CONCLUSION: The statistical result of the interlaboratory comparison project show that the testing capability of lead in drinking water has been ranked as satisfactory in the laboratories of the provincial and municipal centers for disease control and prevention across the country, and the testing capability of a small number of laboratories requires further improvement.

[Interlaboratory comparison for determination of cadmium in drinking water].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze and evaluate the testing capability of cadmium in drinking water in the laboratories of the provincial and municipal centers for disease control and prevention across the country by implementing the interlaboratory comparison project. METHODS: The preparation method of the secondary standard materials were used as the reference for the sample preparation in the interlaboratory comparison project. The homogeneity and stability of the samples and short-term stability for simulated transportation were tested by single factor analysis of variance(ANOVA) and linear regression and mean consistency test(t test). On top of using the kernel density estimation to test the distribution of laboratory test result, we adopted precision statistical method to analyze the laboratory test result and used Z-score to evaluate the testing ability of each participating laboratory. RESULTS: A total of 409 laboratories throughout the country participated in the proficiency testing program.383 laboratories(93.6%) of participating laboratories, obtained satisfactory result. Results provided by 4 laboratories(1.0%) of total participating laboratories, were found suspicious in their capacities. Finally, there were 22 laboratories(5.4%) of total participating laboratories, with result found to be outliers. CONCLUSION: The statistical result of the interlaboratory comparison project show that the testing capability of cadmium in drinking water has been ranked as satisfactory in the laboratories of the provincial and municipal centers for disease control and prevention across the country, and the testing capability of a small number of laboratories requires further improvement.

[Interlaboratory comparison for determination of arsenic in drinking water].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze and evaluate the testing capability of arsenic in drinking water in the laboratories of the provincial and municipal centers for disease control and prevention across the country by implementing the interlaboratory comparison project. METHODS: The preparation method of the secondary standard materials were used as the reference for the sample preparation in the interlaboratory comparison project. The homogeneity and stability of the samples and short-term stability for simulated transportation were tested by single factor analysis of variance(ANOVA) and linear regression and mean consistency test(t test). On top of using the kernel density estimation to test the distribution of laboratory test result, we adopted precision statistical method to analyze the laboratory test result and used Z-score to evaluate the testing ability of each participating laboratory. RESULTS: A total of 411 laboratories throughout the country participated in the proficiency testing program.389 laboratories(94.6%) of participating laboratories, obtained satisfactory result. Results provided by 2 laboratories(0.5%) of total participating laboratories, were found suspicious in their capacities. Finally, there were 20 laboratories(4.9%) of total participating laboratories, with result found to be outliers. CONCLUSION: The testing capability of arsenic in drinking water has been ranked as satisfactory in the laboratories of the provincial and municipal centers for disease control and prevention across the country, and the testing capability of a small number of laboratories requires further improvement.

Tripterygium wilfordii Polyglycoside Ameliorated TNBS-Induced Colitis in Rats via Regulating Th17/Treg Balance in Intestinal Mucosa.

PURPOSE: To investigate the therapeutic effect of Tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside (TWP), a derivative from a Chinese traditional herb, on 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis, in a model for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in rats. METHODS: TWP was administrated to Wistar rats during TNBS-induced colitis to determine its therapeutic effect on active inflammation using the Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR), flow cytometry, and Western blotting. Peripheral blood CD4+ T-cells were isolated from patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and incubated with TWP to verify its immune regulation mechanism by qRT-PCR and flow cytometry. RESULTS: Intragastric administration of TWP attenuated the severity of intestinal inflammation in TNBS-induced rat colitis, characterized by decreased DAI, histopathological scores, and expression of IL-6, TNFα, IFNγ, and IL-17A in intestinal mucosa. Furthermore, TWP reduced IL-17A+CD4+ T-cells, while enhanced Foxp3+CD25+CD4+ T-cells in peripheral blood, mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), and spleen in rat colitis. Downstream signaling including ROR-γt, STAT3, and HIF1α expression in intestinal mucosa were suppressed by TWP. In addition, incubation with TWP suppressed IL-17A+CD4+ T-cell differentiation, while it promoted Foxp3+CD25+CD4+ T-cell differentiation in CD4+ T-cells isolated from UC patients. CONCLUSION: TWP successfully ameliorated experimental rat colitis via regulating innate immune responses as well as Th17/Treg balance in intestinal mucosa, peripheral blood, MLN, and spleen. Moreover, the differentiation of peripheral blood CD4+ T-cell isolated from patients with UC was modulated by TWP. TWP may act as an optional complementary and alternative medicine for IBD.

Crohn's disease exacerbated by IL-17 inhibitors in patients with psoriasis: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Previous studied revealed that psoriasis and Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have highly overlapping epidemiological characteristics, genetic susceptibility loci, disease risk factors, immune mechanisms, and comorbidities. More and more biologics have been used to treat psoriasis and IBD. Interleukin (IL)-17 inhibitors played an important role in the treatment of psoriasis, but induced and aggravated inflammatory bowel disease in some patients. IL-23 inhibitors have shown to be effective to both psoriasis and CD. CASE PRESENTATION: Forty-one year old Chinese male patient who came to the hospital for psoriasis, developed severe gastrointestinal symptoms after using an IL-17 inhibitor, and was diagnosed with Crohn's disease (CD). The patient eventually used an IL-23 inhibitor to relieve both psoriasis and CD. CONCLUSION: IBD patients and psoriasis patients have increased probability of suffering from the other disease. The case that patients had suffered from psoriasis and CD before the use of IL-17 inhibitor is quite rare. This case suggests that physicians need to be careful when treating patients with psoriasis and CD with biologics, and it is necessary to evaluate the gastrointestinal tract.

[Proficiency test for determination of bromate in drinking water].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the capacity of national laboratories for determination of bromate in drinking water using Proficiency Testing Program. METHODS: The preparation method of the Secondary Standard Materials were used as the reference for the sample preparation in this Proficiency Testing Program. The homogeneity and stability of the samples and short-term stability for simulated transportation were tested by Single Factor Analysis of Variance(ANOVA) and Linear Regression and Mean consistency test. The result provided by participant laboratories were analyzed by robust statistics and assessed using the Z-score. RESULTS: A total of 369 laboratories throughout the country participated in the Proficiency Testing Program. 341 laboratories, or 92. 4% of total participating laboratories, obtained satisfactory result. Results provided by 8 laboratories, or 2. 2% of total participating laboratories, were found to suggest doubts in their capacities. Finally, there were 20 laboratories, constituting 5. 4% of total participating laboratories, with result that were found to be outliers. CONCLUSION: The capacity of national laboratories for determination of bromate in drinking water has been ranked as satisfactory according to statistical analysis of the Proficiency Testing Program result. Only a small portion of the participants require further improvement in their capacities.

[Proficiency test for determination of iron in drinking water].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the capacity of national laboratories for determination of iron in drinking water using Proficiency Testing Program. METHODS: The preparation method of the Secondary Standard Materials were used as the reference for the sample preparation in this Proficiency Testing Program. The homogeneity and stability of the samples and short-term stability for simulated transportation were tested by Single Factor Analysis of Variance(ANOVA) and Linear Regression and Mean consistency test. The result provided by participant laboratories were analyzed by robust statistics and assessed using the Z-score. RESULTS: A total of 1010 laboratories throughout the country participated in the Proficiency Testing Program. 928 laboratories, or 91. 9% of total participating laboratories, obtained satisfactory result. Results provided by 19 laboratories, or 1. 9% of total participating laboratories, were found to suggest doubts in their capacities. Finally, there were 63 laboratories, constituting 6. 2% of total participating laboratories, with result that were found to be outliers. CONCLUSION: The capacity of national laboratories for determination of iron in drinking water has been ranked as satisfactory according to statistical analysis of the Proficiency Testing Program result. Only a small portion of the participants require further improvement in their capacities.

[Proficiency test for determination of chlorate in drinking water].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the capacity of national laboratories for determination of chlorate in drinking water using Proficiency Testing Program. METHODS: The preparation method of the Secondary Standard Materials were used as the reference for the sample preparation in this Proficiency Testing Program. The homogeneity and stability of the samples and short-term stability for simulated transportation were tested by Single Factor Analysis of Variance(ANOVA) and Linear Regression and Mean consistency test. The result provided by participant laboratories were analyzed by robust statistics and assessed using the Z-score. RESULTS: A total of 327 laboratories throughout the country participated in the Proficiency Testing Program. 307 laboratories, or 93. 9% of total participating laboratories, obtained satisfactory result. Results provided by 5 laboratories, or 1. 5% of total participating laboratories, were found to suggest doubts in their capacities. Finally, there were 15 laboratories, constituting 4. 6% of total participating laboratories, with result that were found to be outliers. CONCLUSION: The capacity of national laboratories for determination of chlorate in drinking water has been ranked as satisfactory according to statistical analysis of the Proficiency Testing Program result. Only a small portion of the participants require further improvement in their capacities.

[Proficiency test for determination of anion synthetic detergent in drinking water].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the capacity of national laboratories for determination of anion synthetic detergent in drinking water using Proficiency Testing Program. METHODS: The preparation method of the Secondary Standard Materials were used as the reference for the sample preparation in this Proficiency Testing Program. The homogeneity and stability of the samples and short-term stability for simulated transportation were tested by Single Factor Analysis of Variance(ANOVA) and Linear Regression and Mean consistency test. The result provided by participant laboratories were analyzed by robust statistics and assessed using the Z-score. RESULTS: A total of 723 laboratories throughout the country participated in the Proficiency Testing Program. 668 laboratories, or 92. 4% of total participating laboratories, obtained satisfactory result. Results provided by 15 laboratories, or 2. 1% of total participating laboratories, were found to suggest doubts in their capacities. Finally, there were 40 laboratories, constituting 5. 5% of total participating laboratories, with result that were found to be outliers. CONCLUSION: The capacity of national laboratories for determination of anion synthetic detergent in drinking water has been ranked as satisfactory according to statistical analysis of the Proficiency Testing Program result. Only a small portion of the participants require further improvement in their capacities.

The Degree of Ulcerative Colitis Burden of Luminal Inflammation score is superior to predicting medium- to long-term prognosis in patients with active ulcerative colitis.

AIMS: The endoscopic evaluation is crucial for the management and treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). Currently, the Mayo Endoscopic Score (MES) and the Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity (UCEIS) are two major endoscopic score systems to evaluate the status of mucosal inflammation and disease activity. However, in both MES and UCEIS systems, the disease extent is not included. The Degree of Ulcerative Colitis Burden of Luminal Inflammation (DUBLIN) score is a simple clinical score which is calculated as a product of the MES (0-3) and the extent of disease (E1-E3). The objective of this study was to compare the correlation among DUBLIN, UCEIS and MES, and also investigate the clinical characteristics for predicting treatment failure in patients with active UC. METHODS: Between March 2015 and April 2019, 172 patients who were previously diagnosed with UC and had undergone colonoscopy were recruited in this study. We retrospectively reviewed the endoscopic scores and clinical characteristics at the time of the colonoscopy and assessed the prognosis of the patients. Endoscopic response was defined as the decrease in MES ⩾1 grade. RESULTS: DUBLIN showed significant correlation with MES (r = 0.748) and partial Mayo score (pMayo) (r = 0.707), and moderately correlated with CRP (r = 0.590). UCEIS also showed strong correlation with MES (r = 0.712) but moderate correlation with pMayo (r = 0.609) and CRP (r = 0.588). Compared with the UCEIS (cut-off value: 4; sensitivity: 75.73%), DUBLIN score (cut-off value: 4; sensitivity: 86.41%) showed higher diagnostic sensitivity than UCEIS score (McNemar test, p < 0.05). Furthermore, a multivariate analysis also revealed that DUBLIN ⩾4 was the independent factor for predicting treatment failure for UC (p < 0.001, odds ratio: 1.547; 95% confidence interval: 1.32-1.88). CONCLUSION: The DUBLIN score shows superior diagnostic performances in terms of sensitivity value compared with the UCEIS. Moreover, multivariate analysis indicates that DUBLIN ⩾4 is an independent factor for predicting medium- to long-term treatment failure in active UC patients.

[Proficiency test for determination of fluoride in drinking water].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the capacity of national laboratories for determination of fluoride in drinking water using proficiency testing program. METHODS: The preparation method of the secondary standard materials were used as the reference for the sample preparation in this proficiency testing program. The homogeneity and stability of the samples were tested by single factor analysis of variance( ANOVA) and linear regression. The results provided by participant laboratories were analyzed by robust statistics and assessed using the Z-score. RESULTS: A total of 985 laboratories throughout the country participated in the proficiency testing program. 910 laboratories, or92. 4% of total participating laboratories, obtained satisfactory result. Results provided by26 laboratories, or 2. 6% of total participating laboratories, were found to suggest doubts in their capacities. Finally, there were 49 laboratories, constituting 5. 0% of total participating laboratories, with results that were found to be outliers. CONCLUSION: The capacity of national laboratories for determination of fluoride in drinking water has been ranked as satisfactory according to statistical analysis of the proficiency testing program results. Only a small portion of the participants require further improvement in their capacities.

[Proficiency test for determination of tribromomethane in drinking water].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the capacity of national laboratories for determination of tribromomethane in drinking water using proficiency testing program. METHODS: The preparation method of the secondary standard materials were used as the reference for the sample preparation in this proficiency testing program. The homogeneity and stability of the samples were tested by single factor analysis of variance( ANOVA) and linear regression. The results provided by participant laboratories were analyzed by robust statistics and assessed using the Z-score. RESULTS: A total of 352 laboratories throughout the country participated in the proficiency testing program. 317 laboratories, or 90. 0% of total participating laboratories, obtained satisfactory results. Results provided by 14 laboratories, or 4. 0% of total participating laboratories, were found to suggest doubts in their capacities. Finally, there were 21 laboratories, constituting 6. 0% of total participating laboratories, with results that were found to be outliers. CONCLUSION: The capacity of national laboratories for determination of tribromomethane in drinking water has been ranked as satisfactory according to statistical analysis of the proficiency testing program results. Only a small portion of the participants require further improvement in their capacities.

[Study on proficiency test for determination of aluminum in drinking water in 2016].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the capacity of national laboratories for determination of aluminum in drinking water using proficiency testing program. METHODS: The preparation method of the secondary standard materials were used as the reference for the sample preparation in this proficiency testing program. The homogeneity and stability of the samples were tested by single factor analysis of variance( ANOVA) and linear regression. The result provided by participant laboratories were analyzed by robust statistics and assessed using the Z-score. RESULTS: 590 laboratories throughout the country participated in the proficiency testing program. 533 laboratories, or 90. 3% of total participating laboratories, obtained satisfactory result. Results provided by 7 laboratories, or 1. 2% of total participating laboratories, were found to suggest doubts in their capacities. Finally, there were 50 laboratories, constituting 7. 6% of total participating laboratories, with result that were found to be outliers. CONCLUSION: The capacity of national laboratories for determination of aluminum in drinking water has been ranked as satisfactory according to statistical analysis of the proficiency testing program result. Only a small portion of the participants require further improvement in their capacities.

[Analysis results of proficiency test for determination of lindane in drinking water in 2016].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the capacity of national laboratories for determination of lindane in drinking water using proficiency testing program. METHODS: The preparation method of the secondary standard materials were used as the reference for the sample preparation in this proficiency testing program. The homogeneity and stability of the samples were tested by single factor analysis of variance( ANOVA) and linear regression. The result provided by participant laboratories were analyzed by robust statistics and assessed using the Z-score. RESULTS: 309 laboratories throughout the country participated in the proficiency testing program. 286 laboratories, or 92. 6% of total participating laboratories, obtained satisfactory result. Results provided by 10 laboratories, or 3. 2% of total participating laboratories, were found to suggest doubts in their capacities. Finally, there were 13 laboratories, constituting 4. 2% of total participating laboratories, with result that were found to be outliers. CONCLUSION: The capacity of national laboratories for determination of lindane in drinking water has been ranked as satisfactory according to statistical analysis of the proficiency testing program result. Only a small portion of the participants require further improvement in their capacities.

[Proficiency test for determination of benzene in drinking water].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the capacity of national laboratories for determination of benzene in drinking water using Proficiency Testing Program. METHODS: The preparation methods of the Secondary Standard Materials were used as the reference for the sample preparation in this Proficiency Testing Program. The homogeneity and stability of the samples were tested by Single Factor Analysis of Variance( ANOVA) and Linear Regression. The results provided by participant laboratories were analyzed by robust statistics and assessed using the Z-score. RESULTS: The total of 242 laboratories throughout the country participated in the Proficiency Testing Program. The total of 220 laboratories, or 90. 9% of total participating laboratories, obtained satisfactory results. Results provided by 9 laboratories, or 3. 7% of total participating laboratories, were found to suggest doubts in their capacities. Finally, there were 13 laboratories, constituting 5. 4% of total participating laboratories, with results that were found to be outliers. CONCLUSION: The capacity of national laboratories for determination of benzene in drinking water has been ranked as satisfactory according to statistical analysis of the Proficiency Testing Program results. Only a small portion of the participants require further improvement in their capacities.

[Evaluation on the capability of testing carbon tetrachloride, benzene, methylbenzene, dimethylbenzene, p' p-DDT of the provincial centers for disease control and prevention].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) provincial divisions' capabilities of detectingconcentrations of organic parameters such as carbon tetrachloride, benzene, methylbenzene, dimethylbenzene and pesticide parameter of p' p-DDT in drinking water, by adopting a quality control assessment methodology of interlaboratory comparison. METHODS: All laboratories had been divided into 2 groups, each of which contained aboutl6 laboratories. Organic concentrations and pesticide concentrations were assigned to 2 sample groups. Testing capabilities of the laboratories were evaluated through the use of robust statistical methods. RESULTS: Thirty CDC provincial divisions, including municipalities under the central government and in autonomous regions, participated in this interlaboratory comparison. Twenty laboratories obtained positive results in all parameters, accounting for 66.7%. Eight laboratories' results were suspicious, accounting for 26.7%. Finally, 2 laboratories produced outliers, accounting for 6.7%. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of provincial CDC participants in this interlaboratory comparison are capable of testing the concentrations of organic parameterssuch as carbon tetrachloride, benzene, and methylbenzene, dimethyl benzene, and pesticide concentrations of p' p-DDT in drinking water.

[Analysis and research on cleaning points of HVAC systems in public places].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze cleaning points of HVAC systems, and to provides scientific base for regulating the cleaning of HVAC systems. METHODS: Based on the survey results on the cleaning situation of HVAC systems around China for the past three years, we analyzes the cleaning points of HVAC systems from various aspects, such as the major health risk factors of HVAC systems, the formulation strategy of the cleaning of HVAC systems, cleaning methods and acceptance points of the air ducts and the parts of HVAC systems, the onsite protection and individual protection, the waste treatment and the cleaning of the removed equipment, inspection of the cleaning results, video record, and the final acceptance of the cleaning. RESULTS: The analysis of the major health risk factors of HVAC systems and the formulation strategy of the cleaning of HVAC systems is given. The specific methods for cleaning the air ducts, machine units, air ports, coil pipes and the water cooling towers of HVAC systems, the acceptance points of HVAC systems and the requirements of the report on the final acceptance of the cleaning of HVAC systems are proposed. CONCLUSION: By the analysis of the points of the cleaning of HVAC systems and proposal of corresponding measures, this study provides the base for the scientific and regular launch of the cleaning of HVAC systems, a novel technology service, and lays a foundation for the revision of the existing cleaning regulations, which may generate technical and social benefits to some extent.

Fluorine-fixing efficiency on calcium-based briquette: pilot experiment, demonstration and promotion.

BACKGROUND: The fluorosis derived from coal burning is a very serious problem in China. By using fluorine-fixing technology during coal burning we are able to reduce the release of fluorides in coal at the source in order to reduce pollution to the surrounding environment by coal burning pollutants as well as decrease the intake and accumulating amounts of fluorine in the human body. The aim of this study was to conduct a pilot experiment on calcium-based fluorine-fixing material efficiency during coal burning to demonstrate and promote the technology based on laboratory research. METHODS: A proper amount of calcium-based fluorine sorbent was added into high-fluorine coal to form briquettes so that the fluorine in high-fluorine coal can be fixed in coal slag and its release into atmosphere reduced. We determined figures on various components in briquettes and fluorine in coal slag as well as the concentrations of indoor air pollutants, including fluoride, sulfur dioxide and respirable particulate matter (RPM), and evaluated the fluorine-fixing efficiency of calcium-based fluorine sorbents and the levels of indoor air pollutants. RESULTS: Pilot experiments on fluorine-fixing efficiency during coal burning as well as its demonstration and promotion were carried out separately in Guiding and Longli Counties of Guizhou Province, two areas with coal burning fluorosis problems. If the calcium-based fluorine sorbent mixed coal was made into honeycomb briquettes the average fluorine-fixing ratio in the pilot experiment was 71.8%. If the burning calcium-based fluorine-fixing bitumite was made into a coalball, the average of fluorine-fixing ratio was 77.3%. The concentration of fluoride, sulfur dioxide and PM10 of indoor air were decreased significantly. There was a 10% increase in the cost of briquettes due to the addition of calcium-based fluorine sorbent. CONCLUSIONS: The preparation process of calcium-based fluorine-fixing briquette is simple yet highly flammable and it is applicable to regions with abundant bitumite coal. As a small scale application, villagers may make fluorine-fixing coalballs or briquettes by themselves, achieving the optimum fluorine-fixing efficiency and reducing indoor air pollutants providing environmental and social benefits.

[A experimental study on the effect of fluorine capture of calcium based coal briquette].

OBJECTIVE: To study on the fluorine capture effect of calcium based coal briquette with fluorine capture additive in coal-burning fluorosis area. METHODS: Add proper proportions of calcium based fluorine capture additive in high fluorine coal for making coal briquette were added, and were added the fluorine in coal cinder in order to reduce its emission. Meanwhile, to determine the composes of coal briquette were added, the percentage of fluorine in coal cinder and the concentration of fluoride, sulfur dioxide and PM10 were determinated, to evaluate the effect of fluorine capture and the level of door air pollution. RESULT: After pilot-scale studying on the effect of fluorine capture in 30 households at coal-burning fluorosis area in Guiding of Guizhou Province. The average fluorine capture rate were 71.8%, and the average concentration of fluoride were 0.0052 mg/m3, which reduces by 27.8% in comparison with control group and were lower than environmental air quality standard (0.007 mg/m3); and the average concentration of SO2 were 0.67 mg/m3, which reduces 52.8% in comparison with control group and slightly higher than those of indoor air quality standard (0.5 mg/m3). CONCLUSION: The application of the coal briquette made by calcium based fluorine capture additive could reduce the pollution caused by high fluorine coal, could improve the quality of indoor air.