RESUMO
Although researchers generally subscribe to the opinion that emotions play a critical role in cognition, very few (see Niedenthal, Halberstadt, & Innes-Ker, 1999) have examined the specific interaction between the emotional state of the perceiver and the emotional meaning of stimuli in conceptual categorization - an important aspect of "higher-level" cognition. Niedenthal et al. (1999) advanced a fine-grained theory of emotional response categorization, arguing that emotional states increase the tendency to categorize concepts into a predictable set of emotional response categories characterized by the common, distinct emotional responses elicited by the concepts. Based on the pioneering work of Niedenthal et al., we further argued that (1) the specific emotion experienced by the individual should selectively facilitate the categorization of concepts associated with the same emotion, (2) both in terms of category inclusion and category exclusion, and (3) this facilitation effect should not be contingent on the awareness of the emotional state. In three experiments, participants were induced to experience different emotional states through movies or a facial-feedback manipulation. They judged whether or not a target concept belonged to the same category as the two comparison concepts. Some of the concept triads shared emotional associations, while others didn't. Results showed that emotive participants had a greater tendency than those in a neutral mood to group concepts according to their emotional associations, and to distinguish concepts with different emotional associations. They were also more efficient in categorizing concepts that had specific emotional meaning corresponding to their own emotional state than to other emotional concepts. Furthermore, participants posing a disgust expression without their knowledge showed higher tendency to categorize concepts according to their relevance to disgust. Implications and potential applications of the findings were discussed.
Assuntos
Formação de Conceito/fisiologia , Emoções/fisiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Atenção/fisiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto JovemRESUMO
A new organic-lanthanide framework [TbL1.5(H2O)2]·H2O (1) [H2L = 5-(3'-carboxylphenyl)nicotinic acid] was synthesized. Its structure was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The complex was characterized by PXRD, FT-IR, fluorescence as well as TGA, and features a 3D framework with a 1D channel and exhibits exceptionally high thermal stability up to 440 °C in air. Furthermore, it displays highly sensitive and selective luminescence quenching to Hg(2+) in aqueous solution. The result of a reversible sensing experiment showed complex 1 could be reusable at least 5 times.
RESUMO
A "basophilic method" for phenolic hydroxyl bridged lanthanide coordination polymers (CPs) was developed. With this method, eleven CPs with the general formula of [Ln(HL1)L1·H(2)O](n) (Ln = Tb (1), Nd (2), Eu (3), Gd (4), La (5), Er (6), Y (7), H(2)L1 = 4-methyl salicylic acid) and [Ln(HL2)L2·2MeOH](n) (Ln = Eu (8), Tb (9), Gd (10), La (11), H(2)L2 = 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid) were synthesized based on two ligands, and five of them (1-4 and 8) were characterised by X-ray single crystal diffraction. The powder X-ray diffraction patterns (PXRD) of complexes showed that 1-7 are isostructural, 8-11 are isostructural. Furthermore, 1 was characterised by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA), elemental analysis (EA), one and two photon luminescence were investigated in detail.
Assuntos
Complexos de Coordenação/química , Elementos da Série dos Lantanídeos/química , Fenóis/química , Complexos de Coordenação/síntese química , Cristalografia por Raios X , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Ligantes , Medições Luminescentes , Conformação Molecular , FótonsRESUMO
Two virtually superimposable mol-ecules comprise the asymmetric unit of the title compound, C(27)H(27)N(3). The range of dihedral angles between the central 1,3,5-triazine ring and the attached benzene rings is 20.88â (14)-31.36â (14)°, and the shape of each mol-ecule is of a flattened bowl. The crystal packing features weak C-Hâ¯π bonds and π-π inter-actions between triazine and benzene rings [centroid-centroid separations = 3.7696â (17) and 3.7800â (18)â Å] that result in the formation of supra-molecular layers in the ac plane. The crystal studied was a non-merohedral twin with a minor twin component of 20.7â (3)%.
RESUMO
A new dinuclear terbium complex [Tb(2)(4-msal)(6)(H(2)O)(4)]·6H(2)O (1) (4-msal = 4-methylsalcylate) was synthesized. Its structure was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction, and the complex was characterized by PXRD, FT-IR, fluorescence, TGA and DTA. Complex 1 exists as discrete molecules that are linked by extensive O-H O hydrogen bonds into a 3D network. The luminescence lifetimes of 3 µM methanol solution and solid sample of 1 are 1.321 and 1.009 ms, respectively. The quantum yield of solid sample is 6.0%. The luminescence quenched more than 50% when 3% (vol/vol) different impurities (acetone, acetonitrile, chloroform, dichloromethane, dioxane, DMF, DMSO, ethanol, ether, ethyl acetate, glycol, H(2)O, hexane, TEA, THF and toluene or their mixture) were added. The inverse linear relationship between the Lg value of fluorescence intensity and the volume ratio of the minor component (to a maximum of 20%) is interpreted in terms of LgI = a-bX (I: luminescence intensity; X: volume ratio of impurities in methanol; a, b are constants). So 1 is a potential luminescent sensor for analyzing the purity of methanol.
RESUMO
The first complex picosecond filament, namely a filament of terbium(III) p-hydroxybenzoate, is observed. The filament is the only example of Ln(III) ion two-photon absorption in a complex. A transparent, colorless and mechanically robust thin film, as well as a supramolecular gel, of this complex are prepared in a facile manner and exhibit strong luminescence. The thin film is characterized in detail by XRD, SEM, UV-vis, luminescence spectroscopy and lifetime.
Assuntos
Complexos de Coordenação/química , Géis/química , Térbio/química , Complexos de Coordenação/síntese química , Parabenos/química , Teoria Quântica , Espectrometria de Fluorescência , Fatores de Tempo , Difração de Raios XRESUMO
The cyclometalated platinum(II) complex [Pt(L)Cl], where HL is a new cyclometalating ligand 2-phenyl-6-(1H-pyrazol-3-yl)pyridine containing C(phenyl), N(pyridyl), and N(pyrazolyl) donor moieties, was found to possess two-photon-induced luminescent properties. The two-photon-absorption cross section of the complex in N,N-dimethylformamide at room temperature was measured to be 20.8 GM. Upon two-photon excitation at 730 nm from a Ti:sapphire laser, bright-green emission was observed. Besides its two-photon-induced luminescent properties, [Pt(L)Cl] was able to be rapidly accumulated in live HeLa and NIH3T3 cells. The two-photon-induced luminescence of the complex was retained after live cell internalization and can be observed by two-photon confocal microscopy. Its bioaccumulation properties enabled time-lapse imaging of the internalization process of the dye into living cells. Cytotoxicity of [Pt(L)Cl] to both tested cell lines was low, according to MTT assays, even at loadings as high as 20 times the dose concentration for imaging for 6 h.
Assuntos
Fótons , Compostos de Platina/química , Animais , Linhagem Celular , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Ciclização , Humanos , Camundongos , Estrutura Molecular , Fotoquímica , Compostos de Platina/toxicidade , EspectrofotometriaRESUMO
The title dinuclear compound, [Tb(2)(C(7)H(5)O(3))(6)(H(2)O)(6)]·10H(2)O, lies on a center of inversion and the two Tb(III) atoms are bridged by two 4-hydroxy-benzoate anions; each metal atom is further coordinated by one monodentate anion and chelated by the third anion. The eight-coordinate geometry approximates a square anti-prism. Hydrogen bonds of the O-Hâ¯O type connect the uncoordinated water mol-ecules to the dinuclear species, forming a three-dimensional network.
RESUMO
We report the first observation of three photon induced NIR emission (890-1,400 nm) with NIR excitation (800 nm) from a newly synthesized organic neodymium complex with known molecular structure, suggests the potential use of lanthanide probes for use in three-dimensional imaging and further the study of multi- photon induced emission process in organic-lanthanide complexes.
Assuntos
Corantes Fluorescentes/química , Elementos da Série dos Lantanídeos/química , Compostos Organometálicos/química , Cristalografia por Raios X , Európio/química , Corantes Fluorescentes/síntese química , Conformação Molecular , Neodímio/química , Compostos Organometálicos/síntese química , Fenantrolinas/química , Espectrometria de Fluorescência , Espectrofotometria Ultravioleta , Térbio/química , Ácidos Tricarboxílicos/químicaRESUMO
New luminescent isomeric europium(III) complexes with carboxylic carbonyl group coordination (I and II) have been prepared by solvothermal synthesis using the ligand 2,2'-bipyridine-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid (bpdc), with the nonradiatively shielded Eu3+ coordination sphere completed by dimethyl sulfoxide ligands. The room temperature IR spectra and Eu3+ luminescence spectra do not provide a definitive distinction between I and II, but low-temperature luminescence can give a clear identification.
Assuntos
Európio/química , Metais/química , Isomerismo , Modelos Moleculares , Estrutura Molecular , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de FourierRESUMO
A flexible organometallic ligand, 1,1'-ferrocenedicarboxylic acid, was incorporated in the self-assembly of a d-f mixed-metal coordination polymer featuring a 2-D interlinking zigzag-chain network and bearing two kinds of bridging conformations.