Comparison of Long-Term Visual and Refractive Results of Transepithelial and Mechanical Photorefractive Keratectomy.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to present and compare 2 years results of mechanical photorefractive keratectomy (M-PRK) and transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (T-PRK) for myopia. Methods: One hundred and nine eyes of 55 patients were included in this retrospective study. The mean age of the patients was 26.9±5.2 years. Forty-four eyes (40.4%) had M-PRK and 65 eyes (59.6%) had T-PRK. Follow-up time was 2 years. Refractive errors (RE), uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), and high-order corneal aberrations were compared. Results: The mean RE was -2.33±0.88 D and the mean UCVA was 0.24±0.17 logMAR at baseline for M-PRK patients. At month 24, those measurements were changed to -0.27±0.32 D and 0.99±0.04 logMAR. The mean RE was 2.19±0.73 D and the mean UCVA was 0.23 ± 0.15 logMAR at baseline for T-PRK patients. At month 24, those measurements were changed to -0.14±0.32 D and 0.99±0.01 logMAR. The mean REs significantly decreased and the mean UCVA significantly increased after both type of surgeries (all p<0.001). In M-PRK group, 4 mm zone total corneal aberration and 6 mm total-coma-spherical corneal aberrations were statistically significantly increased in post-operative term. In T-PRK group, only 6 mm total-spherical corneal aberrations were statistically significantly increased in post-operative term. There was no serious complication during surgeries or follow-up time. Conclusion: M-PRK and T-PRK were a safe and effective in the treatment of myopia in 2 years term. Some high-order aberrations may be increase after those treatments.

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography: Are There Any Changes in Measurements After Strabismus Surgery?

PURPOSE: To evaluate the possible hemodynamic changes following strabismus surgery via optical coherence tomography angiography. METHODS: Thirty-two eyes of 16 patients who underwent strabismus surgery in one eye were included in the study. Fellow eyes were used as a control group. The vessel densities of the superficial and deep capillary plexus and superficial and deep foveal avascular zones were measured preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively. RESULTS: The mean superficial and deep foveal avascular zones measurements were 0.84 ± 0.09 and 0.76 ± 1.13 mm2, respectively. The mean vessel density of the superficial capillary plexus was 1.23 ± 0.12 and 11.13 ± 1.04 mm2 preoperatively in the 1- and 3-mm zones, respectively, whereas the mean vessel density of the deep capillary plexus was 1.13 ± 0.16 and 10.11 ± 1.28 mm2 preoperatively. Postoperatively, the mean superficial and deep foveal avascular zones changed to 0.20 ± 0.13 and 0.23 ± 0.12 mm2, respectively. Postoperatively, the mean vessel density of the superficial capillary plexus changed to 1.47 ± 0.11 and 12.75 ± 1.10 mm2, and the mean vessel density of the deep capillary plexus changed to 1.56 ± 0.12 and 13.91 ± 1.35 mm2 in 1- and 3-mm zones, respectively. There was a statistically significant increase in vessel density measurements of the superficial and deep capillary plexus, and a statistically significant decrease in measurements of the superficial and deep foveal avascular zone postoperatively (P < .05). In the fellow eyes, there was no statistically significant change in any of the measurements (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS: Following strabismus surgery, vessel density of the fovea may increase and the foveal avascular zone may decrease according to optical coherence tomography angiography measurements. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2019;56(2):95-100.].

Comparison of quantitative measurement of foveal avascular zone and macular vessel density in eyes of children with amblyopia and healthy controls: an optical coherence tomography angiography study.

PURPOSE: To quantify vessel density of superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP), and the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) of children's amblyopic eyes and to compare the measurements with those of companion eyes and age-matched controls. METHODS: Fifteen patients with strabismic amblyopia, and 15 age-matched controls were included in this cross-sectional study. SCP, DCP, and FAZ were measured via optical coherence tomographic angiography (OCTA). RESULTS: Mean subject age was 8.2 ± 2.3 years in the amblyopia group and 8.6 ± 2.2 years in the control group. The mean SCP at 1 mm, 2 mm, and 3 mm zones were (in the order amblyopic eye, companion eye, control) 1.399 ± 0.088, 5.854 ± 0.195, 12.866 ± 0.346; 1.467 ± 0.084, 5.979 ± 0.182, 12.965 ± 0.321; and 1.559 ± 0.052, 6.343 ± 0.190, 13.819 ± 0.423. SCP was significantly lower in amblyopic eyes than in companion eyes and controls (P < 0.05). The mean DCP at 1 mm, 2 mm, and 3 mm zones were 1.425 ± 0.069, 6.038 ± 0.186, 13.522 ± 0.336; 1.525 ± 0.072, 6.427 ± 0.190, 14.286 ± 0.322; and 1.685 ± 0.074, 6.895 ± 0.198, 15.355 ± 0.356. DCP was significantly lower in amblyopic eyes than companion eyes and controls (P < 0.05). The mean superficial FAZ were 0.287 ± 0.091, 0.262 ± 0.092, and 0.280 ± 0.097. The mean deep FAZ were 0.382 ± 0.092, 0.335 ± 0.080, and 0.329 ± 0.085. There was no significant difference in FAZ among groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Vessel density of SCP and DCP of eyes with amblyopia is lower than that of the companion eye and the age-matched controls.