Center Deviation Measurement of Color Contact Lenses Based on a Deep Learning Model and Hough Circle Transform.

Ensuring the quality of color contact lenses is vital, particularly in detecting defects during their production since they are directly worn on the eyes. One significant defect is the "center deviation (CD) defect", where the colored area (CA) deviates from the center point. Measuring the extent of deviation of the CA from the center point is necessary to detect these CD defects. In this study, we propose a method that utilizes image processing and analysis techniques for detecting such defects. Our approach involves employing semantic segmentation to simplify the image and reduce noise interference and utilizing the Hough circle transform algorithm to measure the deviation of the center point of the CA in color contact lenses. Experimental results demonstrated that our proposed method achieved a 71.2% reduction in error compared with existing research methods.

Generation of Time-Series Working Patterns for Manufacturing High-Quality Products through Auxiliary Classifier Generative Adversarial Network.

Product quality is a major concern in manufacturing. In the metal processing industry, low-quality products must be remanufactured, which requires additional labor, money, and time. Therefore, user-controllable variables for machines and raw material compositions are key factors for ensuring product quality. In this study, we propose a method for generating the time-series working patterns of the control variables for metal-melting induction furnaces and continuous casting machines, thus improving product quality by aiding machine operators. We used an auxiliary classifier generative adversarial network (AC-GAN) model to generate time-series working patterns of two processes depending on product type and additional material data. To check accuracy, the difference between the generated time-series data of the model and the ground truth data was calculated. Specifically, the proposed model results were compared with those of other deep learning models: multilayer perceptron (MLP), convolutional neural network (CNN), long short-term memory (LSTM), and gated recurrent unit (GRU). It was demonstrated that the proposed model outperformed the other deep learning models. Moreover, the proposed method generated different time-series data for different inputs, whereas the other deep learning models generated the same time-series data.

Improvement of Kafka Streaming Using Partition and Multi-Threading in Big Data Environment.

The large amount of programmable logic controller (PLC) sensing data has rapidly increased in the manufacturing environment. Therefore, a large data store is necessary for Big Data platforms. In this paper, we propose a Hadoop ecosystem for the support of many features in the manufacturing industry. In this ecosystem, Apache Hadoop and HBase are used as Big Data storage and handle large scale data. In addition, Apache Kafka is used as a data streaming pipeline which contains many configurations and properties that are used to make a better-designed environment and a reliable system, such as Kafka offset and partition, which is used for program scaling purposes. Moreover, Apache Spark closely works with Kafka consumers to create a real-time processing and analysis of the data. Meanwhile, data security is applied in the data transmission phase between the Kafka producers and consumers. Public-key cryptography is performed as a security method which contains public and private keys. Additionally, the public-key is located in the Kafka producer, and the private-key is stored in the Kafka consumer. The integration of these above technologies will enhance the performance and accuracy of data storing, processing, and securing in the manufacturing environment.

Three-dimensional image acquisition and reconstruction system on a mobile device based on computer-generated integral imaging.

A mobile three-dimensional image acquisition and reconstruction system using a computer-generated integral imaging technique is proposed. A depth camera connected to the mobile device acquires the color and depth data of a real object simultaneously, and an elemental image array is generated based on the original three-dimensional information for the object, with lens array specifications input into the mobile device. The three-dimensional visualization of the real object is reconstructed on the mobile display through optical or digital reconstruction methods. The proposed system is implemented successfully and the experimental results certify that the system is an effective and interesting method of displaying real three-dimensional content on a mobile device.

Integral imaging system using an adaptive lens array.

We produced an adaptive lens array composed of multiple flat lens arrays arranged in a curved shape with an adjustable radius of curvature, in order to overcome the hardware problem of the conventional flat or curved lens array-based systems. The manufactured adaptive lens array is applied to an integral imaging system. The gap mismatch that occurs when using a curved lens array is resolved by computing the exact display mapping position of element images through each lens. The results of the experiment demonstrate that the adaptive lens array-based integral imaging system successfully generated elemental images according to the curvature transformation of the adaptive lens array, and they were reconstructed as 3D images.

Resolution-enhancement for an orthographic-view image display in an integral imaging microscope system.

Due to the limitations of micro lens arrays and camera sensors, images on display devices through the integral imaging microscope systems have been suffering for a low-resolution. In this paper, a resolution-enhanced orthographic-view image display method for integral imaging microscopy is proposed and demonstrated. Iterative intermediate-view reconstructions are performed based on bilinear interpolation using neighborhood elemental image information, and a graphics processing unit parallel processing algorithm is applied for fast image processing. The proposed method is verified experimentally and the effective results are presented in this paper.

Real-time interactive display for integral imaging microscopy.

A real-time interactive orthographic-view image display of integral imaging (II) microscopy that includes the generation of intermediate-view elemental images (IVEIs) for resolution enhancement is proposed. Unlike the conventional II microscopes, parallel processing through a graphics processing unit is required for real-time display that generates the IVEIs and interactive orthographic-view images in high speed, according to the user interactive input. The real-time directional-view display for the specimen for which 3D information is acquired through II microscopy is successfully demonstrated by using resolution-enhanced elemental image arrays. A user interactive feature is also satisfied in the proposed real-time interactive display for II microscopy.

Vertical viewing angle enhancement for the 360 degree integral-floating display using an anamorphic optic system.

We propose a 360 degree integral-floating display with an enhanced vertical viewing angle. The system projects two-dimensional elemental image arrays via a high-speed digital micromirror device projector and reconstructs them into 3D perspectives with a lens array. Double floating lenses relate initial 3D perspectives to the center of a vertically curved convex mirror. The anamorphic optic system tailors the initial 3D perspectives horizontally and vertically disperse light rays more widely. By the proposed method, the entire 3D image provides both monocular and binocular depth cues, a full-parallax demonstration with high-angular ray density and an enhanced vertical viewing angle.

Real-time 3D display system based on computer-generated integral imaging technique using enhanced ISPP for hexagonal lens array.

This paper proposes an open computer language (OpenCL) parallel processing method to generate the elemental image arrays (EIAs) for hexagonal lens array from a three-dimensional (3D) object such as a volume data. Hexagonal lens array has a higher fill factor compared to the rectangular lens array case; however, each pixel of an elemental image should be determined to belong to the single hexagonal lens. Therefore, generation for the entire EIA requires very large computations. The proposed method reduces processing time for the EIAs for a given hexagonal lens array. By using the proposed image space parallel processing (ISPP) method, it can enhance the processing speed that generates the 3D display of real-time interactive integral imaging for hexagonal lens array. In our experiment, we implemented the EIAs for hexagonal lens array in real-time and obtained a good processing time for a large of volume data for multiple cases of lens arrays.

High speed image space parallel processing for computer-generated integral imaging system.

In an integral imaging display, the computer-generated integral imaging method has been widely used to create the elemental images from a given three-dimensional object data. Long processing time, however, has been problematic especially when the three-dimensional object data set or the number of the elemental lenses are large. In this paper, we propose an image space parallel processing method, which is implemented by using Open Computer Language (OpenCL) for rapid generation of the elemental images sets from large three-dimensional volume data. Using the proposed technique, it is possible to realize a real-time interactive integral imaging display system for 3D volume data constructed from computational tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data.

Microwave tomography analysis system for breast tumor detection.

In the breast-cancer image detection device field, remarkable advancements have been made in the breast cancer detection method using microwave radiation that satisfies the conditions required by Institute of Medicine (IOM). This paper is for embodying the microwave analysis breast tumor detection system that can analyze the permittivity and the conductivity of the breast inside, discover breast tumors, and easily check the various analytical information of the scatter and size of tumors inside breasts. The microwave breast tumor detection system is composed of an antenna array and the RF transceiver for the acquiring of microwave exposure information; the inverse scattering algorithm for searching the permitivity, conductivity and position of a material, and graphic user interface software that includes the visualization and various analyses of acquired data. The embodied system has shown the same-level function of tumor detection even in the type of heterogeneously dense material that is difficult to detect through mammography by experimentations with four kinds of classifications according to the distribution of lactiferous duct inside the breast.

Species belonging to genus protodaedalea in Korea.

One rare and interesting species collected from Seorak-san, Inje-gun; Yeonyeop-san, Hongcheon-gun; Daeam-san, Yanggu-gun, Gangwon-do; Pocheon-gun, Gyeonggi-do; Songni-san, Boeun-gun; Joryeong-san, Goesan-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do and Sobaeksan, Yeongju-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do is described and illustrated in detail. The species "Protodaedalea hispida Imazeki" and genus "Protodaedalea Iamzeki" has not been previously recorded in Korean fungal flora. The specimens have been deposited in the Herbarium Conservation Center of the National Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

Tectella patellaris from Korea.

One rare and interesting species collected from Gyeryong-san, Chungnam Province is described and illustrated in detail. The species "Tectella patellaris (Fr.) Murr." and genus "Tectella Earle" is a first record for Korean fungal flora. Specimens cited here have been deposited in the Herbarium Conservation Center of National Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

New species of agaricales.

Clitocybe alboinfundibulliforme sp. nov. is widely distributed in Korea. Volvariella koreana sp. nov. is rarely distributed in Korea. These taxa were occasionally found together at the same place. Both of these species seem to be associated with each other. These two species are fully described and illustrated in this paper.

Paludibacterium yongneupense gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a wetland, Yongneup, in Korea.

A cream-coloured bacterial strain, 5YN8-15(T), was isolated from a wetland, Yongneup, in the Inje region of the Republic of Korea. The bacterium was facultatively anaerobic, Gram-negative, motile with a single polar flagellum and curved-rod-shaped. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain 5YN8-15(T) is a member of the Betaproteobacteria. Closely related taxa were Gulbenkiania mobilis E4FC31(T) (94.9% sequence similarity), Chromobacterium species (94.1-94.4%), Aquitalea magnusonii TRO-001DR8(T) (93.2%) and Aquaspirillum serpens IAM 13944(T) (92.5%). All other species with validly published names analysed showed sequence similarities of below 92%. Strain 5YN8-15(T) had ubiquinone 8 as the major isoprenoid quinone. The major fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C(16:1)omega7c and/or iso-C(15:0) 2-OH), C(16:0) and C(18:1)omega7c. The DNA G+C content was 63.0 mol%. Based on the data from the polyphasic study, strain 5YN8-15(T) represents a novel genus and species of the family Neisseriaceae, for which the name Paludibacterium yongneupense gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 5YN8-15(T) (=KACC 11601(T)=DSM 18731(T)).

Mass spectrometric sequencing of endotoxin proteins of Bacillus thuringiensis ssp. konkukian extracted from polyacrylamide gels.

The amino acid sequences of the crystal proteins of Bacillus thuringiensis ssp. konkukian strain HL-47 are unknown. We used 1-D denaturing polyacrylamide electrophoresis, nano-ESI-Q-TOF-MS, and protein database searching to analyze these proteins. On SDS-PAGE gels, a preparation of purified crystal proteins exhibited 110, 102, 76, 55, 37, and 30 kDa protein bands. Immunoblotting of the gel with antiserum raised to this preparation revealed that four crystal proteins, of 110, 102, 55, and 37 kDa, reacted with the specific antiserum. The 102-kDa major protein reacted strongly. The other crystal proteins showed weak immunoreactivity. The 102 and 55 kDa proteins were analyzed by ESI-MS. The internal amino acid sequence of the 102-kDa major protein has similarity to the sequences of the surface layer protein of B. thuringiensis ssp. finitimus and B. anthracis. However, the internal amino acid sequences of the 55 kDa protein did not show any homology to proteins in the databases. Proteomic analysis of these proteins leads to the conclusion that the sequence data provided the protein databases of the crystal proteins of the konkukian ssp.

Taxonomic study on some unrecorded species of korean hydropus.

Specimens belonging to the genera Mycena and Collybia which have been preserved in the herbarium of National Institute of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Suwon, Korea were investigated. Among them, four species were confirmed to be Hydropus species viz Hydropus marginellus, H. nitrata, H. erinensis, and H. floccipes. Authors registered them to the Korean mycoflora with full descriptions, illustrations and Korean names.