Enhancing health and therapeutic potential: innovations in the medicinal and pharmaceutical properties of soy bioactive compounds.

An extensive examination of the medical uses of soybean bioactive components is provided by this thorough review. It explores the possible health advantages of isoflavones with phytoestrogenic qualities, like genistein, which may lower the risk of cancer. The review highlights the different roles and possible anticancer activities of phenolic compounds, phytic acid, protease inhibitors, lignans, and saponins, among other bioactive components. It also addresses the benefits of dietary fiber and oligosaccharides derived from soybeans for intestinal health, as well as the impact of soy protein on diabetes, obesity, cancer, and cardiovascular health. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has anticancer and cholesterol-lowering properties; its involvement in promoting metabolic processes is also examined. Pinitol is highlighted in the study as a blood sugar regulator with promise for controlling insulin signaling. In this review, we aim to affirm soybeans' potential as a high-functional, well-being food by examining their recently discovered therapeutic and pharmacological capabilities, rather than to improve upon the previous studies on the reported nutritional advantages of soybeans.

Chemometric Modeling Revealed Oleic and Linoleic Acids as Varietal Biomarkers for Six Sesame Varieties-In Vitro and UHPLC Analyses.

Pakistan once considered self-sufficient for edible oil production now became the major importer with 88.6% imports and producing only the minor portion. Scientific negligence in oil seed crops led to a dramatic decrease in edible oil production depending mainly on only the imports. Sesamum indicum L., "Queen of Oil seeds" with 50-55% oil, is cultivated in various geographical regions of Pakistan, but farmers are not considering this crop because of insufficient knowledge, poor crop management practices, and low yielding varieties. This study was conducted to check the nutritional, biochemical, antioxidant, and yield potentials of six major varieties, i.e., TS-5, TH-6, Til-18, NIAB-Mil, NIAB-Pearl, and NS-16, and to compare the nutritionals, oil quality, and oil yield potential of these varieties. Field experiment was conducted, and various crop growth biomarkers were analyzed. Chlorophyll content and superoxide dismutase activity were found to be highest in NIAB-Mil followed by NIAB-Pearl and comparable to those of Til-18, while APX, Cat, and GPX activity was found to be highest in Til-18 with 25.6 and 5.9 and 6.02 mg/g, respectively. Seed antioxidant parameters showed a mixed response, but NIAB-Mil, NIAB pearl, and Til-18 were found to be highest in all antioxidant parameters. UHPLC analysis of seed oil resulted in a total of 14 triacylglycerols (TAGs), and principal component analysis and OPLS-Da analysis showed seven TAG biomarkers responsible for the separation of sesame varieties. Til-18 was found to be highest in oil content (53.3%) more abundant with oleic acid, while NIAB-Pearl, NIAB-Mil, and NS-16 were found to be abundant with linoleic acid, both considered as potential TAG biomarkers for sesame oil separation. This study concluded that, in general, Til-18 variety is more resistant with high nutritional status, high antioxidant activity, and oil yielding variety, followed by NIAB-Mil and NIAB-Pearl.

LCMS Based Untargeted Metabolic Profiling Revealed a Strong Association of Nanoselenium Treated Sesame (Sesamum indicum) Seed Bioactive Compounds as Novel Potential Disease Targets- A Nano-bioinformatics Approach.

The convergence of nanotechnology with bioinformatics and the study of plant secondary metabolites hold remarkable potential for transformative scientific breakthroughs. Synergy enables a deeper understanding of the biosynthesis and functions of plant secondary metabolites, unlocking avenues to engineer novel applications in areas like pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and sustainable materials. The present study was conducted to check the effect of plant-mediated selenium nanoparticles to improve the bioactive compounds in sesame. Three varieties of sesame (TS-5, TH-6, and Till-18) were sown and got treated with different concentration of selenium nanoparticles. On the basis of antioxidant, biochemical, and physiological parameters, best performing seed samples from crop were selected and subjected to UHPLC analysis. From all 276 identified metabolites, the top 20 differentially expressed bioactive, medicinally important compounds were subjected to Swiss target prediction, KEGG, and Metascape analysis to reveal drug targets, gene targets, cell targets, and disease targets. Swiss target prediction revealed that most of the drug targets had kinases as the highest target in all the bioactive metabolites, followed by nuclear transporters, cytochrome P450, and proteins associated with electrochemical channels. Metascape analysis revealed that most of the compounds had highest enrichment in non-canonical activation of NOTCH3 followed by regulation of hormone levels. Furthermore, DisGeNET analysis revealed that most of the metabolites had strong association with impaired glucose tolerance followed by myocardial ischemia and neuralgia. Tissue and cell accumulation analysis by PaGeneBase revealed the highest accumulation in the small intestine, colon, ovary, and DRG cells. The study concluded that selenium nanoparticles has an ability to improve certain medicinally important metabolites in sesame, coupled with bioinformatics tools which revealed a great insight into the potential of those compounds, and the information can further be used in future studies.

Mechanistic Approaches to the Application of Nano-Zinc in the Poultry and Biomedical Industries: A Comprehensive Review of Future Perspectives and Challenges.

Bio-fortification is a new, viable, cost-effective, and long-term method of administering crucial minerals to a populace with limited exposure to diversified foods and other nutritional regimens. Nanotechnology entities aid in the improvement of traditional nutraceutical absorption, digestibility, and bio-availability. Nano-applications are employed in poultry systems utilizing readily accessible instruments and processes that have no negative impact on animal health and welfare. Nanotechnology is a sophisticated innovation in the realm of biomedical engineering that is used to diagnose and cure various poultry ailments. In the 21st century, zinc nanoparticles had received a lot of considerable interest due to their unusual features. ZnO NPs exhibit antibacterial properties; however, the qualities of nanoparticles (NPs) vary with their size and structure, rendering them adaptable to diverse uses. ZnO NPs have shown remarkable promise in bio-imaging and drug delivery due to their high bio-compatibility. The green synthesized nanoparticles have robust biological activities and are used in a variety of biological applications across industries. The current review also discusses the formulation and recent advancements of zinc oxide nanoparticles from plant sources (such as leaves, stems, bark, roots, rhizomes, fruits, flowers, and seeds) and their anti-cancerous activities, activities in wound healing, and drug delivery, followed by a detailed discussion of their mechanisms of action.

Phytomediated Selenium Nanoparticles Improved Physio-morphological, Antioxidant, and Oil Bioactive Compounds of Sesame under Induced Biotic Stress.

Vegetable oil consumption is expected to reach almost 200 billion kilograms by 2030 in the world and almost 2.97 million tons in Pakistan. A large quantity of edible oil is imported annually from other countries to fill the gap between local production and consumption. Compared to other edible oil crops such as soybean, rapeseed, peanut and olive, sesame has innately higher (55%) oil content, which makes it an excellent candidate to be considered to meet local edible oil production. Oil seed crops, especially sesame, are affected by various pathogens, which results in decreased oil production with low quality oil. Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) work synergistically, as it has antifungal activity along with improving plant growth. Different concentrations of SeNPs were used, on three different varieties of sesame (TS-5, TH-6, and Till-18). Plant growth and development were accelerated by SeNPs, which ultimately led to an increase in crop yield. Morphological parameters revealed that SeNPs resulted in a growth increase of 55.7% in root length, 48% increase in leaf number/plant, and 38% in stem diameter. Out of three sesame varieties, TS-5 seedlings treated with 40 mg/L SeNPs showed 96.7% germination and 53% SVI at 40 mg/L. Sesame varieties dramatically increased antioxidant capability using SeNPs, resulting in 147% increase in SOD and 140% increase in POD enzyme units in TH-6 and 76% elevation in CAT enzymes in TS-5 (mean ± S.E). GCMS analysis revealed that bioactive compound I, sesamin, sesamol, and tocopherol contents were increased along with enhanced production of different unsaturated fatty acids. Kegg pathway analysis and MSEA revealed that these compounds were mainly involved in biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, suggesting that SeNPs have elicited the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid, linoleic acid, and α-linoleic acid. This study concluded that SeNPs (40 mg/L) have an excellent capability to be used for crop improvement along with better oil quality.

Comprehensive Approaches of Nanoparticles for Growth Performance and Health Benefits in Poultry: An Update on the Current Scenario.

Currently, providing nutritious food to all people is one of the greatest challenges due to rapid human population growth. The global poultry industry is a part of the agrifood sector playing an essential role in food insecurity by providing nutritious meat and egg sources. However, limited meat production with less nutritional value is not fulfilling the higher market demands worldwide. Researchers are focusing on nanobiotechnology by employing phytosynthesized mineral nanomaterials to improve the growth performance and nutritional status of broilers as these mineral nanoparticles are usually absorbed in greater amounts from the gastrointestinal tract and exert enhanced biological effects in the target tissues of animals with greater tissue accumulation. These mineral nanoparticles are efficiently absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract and reach essential organs via blood. As a result, it enhances growth performance and nutritional value with less toxicity and tremendous bioavailability properties. In this review, the research work conducted in the recent past, on the different aspects of nanotechnology including supplementation of mineral nanoparticle in diet and their potential role in the poultry industry, has been concisely discussed.