Multi-Lasso Peptide-Based Synergistic Nanocomposite: A High-Stability, Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Agent with Potential for Combined Antibacterial Therapy.

Lasso peptides, natural biological microcins composed of small molecules, have demonstrated efficient bactericidal activity. However, a single lasso peptide is characterized by a narrow and targeted bactericidal spectrum. In this study, a chitosan (CN) derivative-based polymer nanomaterial incorporating three lasso peptides (MccY, MccJ25, and Klebsidin) was designed and synthesized to broaden its antimicrobial spectrum. To enhance resistance to acid and alkali conditions, arginine was appended to the terminus of conjugates, resulting in Chitosan-Lasso-Peptides-Arg (CN-LPs-Arg), and the nanomaterial biocompatibility and bactericidal activity were characterized. Chemical stability test results demonstrate that CN-LPs-Arg effectively buffered the acid-base effect of the compound. Notably, CN-LPs-Arg extended the antimicrobial spectrum of Gram-negative and Gram-positive strains including Klebsiella, Salmonella, and Staphylococcus (MIC = 0.01-1.0 µM). CN-LPs-Arg exerts its destructive effects on bacteria via a series of mechanisms; it adheres to and then penetrates the membrane, causes rupture, and leads to bacterial death. Transcriptomic data revealed that CN-LPs-Arg produced a distinct inhibitory effect on ribosomal protein subunits synthesis pathways and membrane metabolic inhibition. Furthermore, CN-LPs-Arg was nontoxic to cells and exhibited excellent biocompatibility. CN-LPs-Arg reduced bacterial burden in organs and the levels of inflammatory factors IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α in tissues of mice with acute bacterial infections. Furthermore, it promoted the recovery of Klebsiella-infected C57BL/6 mice, demonstrating a favorable therapeutic effect in vivo. The multilasso peptide-based synergistic nanocomposite of CN-LPs-Arg exhibited high stability as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent with potential for combined antibacterial therapy and utilization in the fields of food, biomedicine, and public health.

Effectiveness and safety study of formula containing probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics on fullterm infants' growth - a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled study.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics, are hot topics of research and have been shown to improve the body's disease state and promote health. Analysis of whether infant formula containing probiotcs, prebiotics, synbiotics is beneficial to infant and child growth. METHODS: We systematically searched multiple electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, Embase) to identify eligible studies published from 1966 to December 25, 2022. Included studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) studying the influence of milk powder containing probiotcs, prebiotics, synbiotics on infants and children's growth. RevMan 5.4 was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: A total of 55 RCTs with a total sample size of 8868 participants met the inclusion criteria. Milk powder with probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics does not significantly improve the growth of infants and children (Weight, height, BMI, and Head Circumference); The incidence of minor adverse events (OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.70-1.11 P = 0.28) and serious adverse events (OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.62-1.36 P = 0.67) was also comparable to the control group; The intestinal microbial diversity of infants consuming probiotcs, prebiotics, synbiotics supplemented formula was lower than that of infants consuming formula without probiotcs, prebiotics, synbiotics (SMD -0.88, 95% CI -1.66- -0.1 P = 0.03), but the abundance of individual beneficial flora was increased. (SMD 1.62, 95%CI 0.61-2.62 P = 0.002). In particular, the abundance of Lactobacillus (SMD 1.62, 95% CI 0.61-2.62 P = 0.002). For metabolites, synbiotics increased fecal antibody concentrations (SMD 0.47, 95% CI 0.08-0.86 P = 0.02), but fecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations remained balanced in both groups (SMD 0.05 95% CI -0.17-0.28 P = 0.64). Compared to the control group, infants who consumed formula with prebiotics had softer stools (SMD -1.47, 95% CI -2.23 to -0.7 P = 0.002) and lower stool pH (SMD -0.82, 95% CI -1.15- -0.5 P < 0.00001), there is also more frequency of bowel movements (SMD 0.27, 95% CI 0.09-0.44 P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Probiotcs, prebiotics, synbiotics supplemented formulas significantly increased abundance of individual probiotics, alter intestinal antibody secretion, and improve bowel movements. Incidence of adverse reactions did not differ between the two groups. So we can choose formula-supplemented probiotcs, prebiotics, synbiotics to maintain the intestinal health of infants.

Hybrid Biatrial Ablation Versus Catheter Ablation for Patients With Nonparoxysmal Atrial Fibrillation and Enlarged Left Atrium.

OBJECTIVE: There is no consensus on the optimal ablation strategy for nonparoxysmal atrial fibrillation (NPAF) with enlarged left atrium. We aimed to explore whether hybrid ablation (HA) of combined thoracoscopic surgical ablation with catheter ablation (CA) was superior to CA alone in these patients. METHODS: Patients with NPAF and left atrial diameter (LAD) ≥45 mm who underwent hybrid biatrial ablation or CA procedure from June 2014 to July 2021 were included in this study. Propensity score matching was applied to select patients in each group. The primary endpoint was freedom from atrial tachyarrhythmias after procedures. RESULTS: After propensity score matching, 52 patients with enlarged left atrium (median LAD = 51 mm) were enrolled in each group. The median follow-up was 36 months. The probability of freedom from atrial tachyarrhythmias at 12, 24, and 36 months on antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs) was 70.1%, 65.4%, and 62.6% in the HA group and 34.3%, 29.4%, and 22.0% in the CA group, respectively (P < 0.001); off AADs was 57.1%, 52.7%, and 50.0% in the HA group and 25.0%, 16.2%, and 11.5% in the CA group (P < 0.001); on AADs after redo CA was 76.2%, 73.7%, and 73.7% in the HA group and 43.6%, 43.6%, and 38.2% in the CA group, respectively (P < 0.001); off AADs after redo CA was 62.5%, 60.1%, and 60.1% in the HA group and 30.4%, 25.1%, and 20.9% in the CA group, respectively (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: For patients with NPAF and enlarged left atrium, hybrid biatrial ablation was superior to CA in sinus rhythm maintenance even if redo CA was performed.

Bifunctional Nitrogen-Rich Heterocyclic Compounds: Synthesis, Photoluminescence and Energetic Properties.

Nitrogen-rich heterocyclic frameworks have attracted enormous interest in organic chemistry and materials science. However, their potential for developing photoluminescent materials remains underexplored due to their relatively low molecular stabilities. In this work, two tricyclic fused nitrogen-rich fluorescent heterocycles were synthesized and characterized. The photophysical properties of the synthesized 4 and 5 were investigated through theoretical and experimental studies. In addition, their physicochemical and energetic properties and the performance as an additive to the perovskite absorption layer of the perovskite solar cell were also studied.

Changing ozone sensitivity in Fujian Province, China, during 2012-2021: Importance of controlling VOC emissions.

In the troposphere, ozone (O3) formation can be limited by NOx, VOCs, or both, complicating efforts to reduce O3 by controlling its precursors. This study used formaldehyde (HCHO) data and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) data from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) to analyze O3 formation sensitivity in Fujian from 2012 to 2021. Over the past decade, an 8.7% reduction in NO2 VCDs and a 9.91% increase in HCHO VCDs were observed. Due to differences in the primary driving factors, HCHO VCDs exhibit a characteristic seasonal pattern with higher in summer and lower in winter, whereas NO2 VCDs show the opposite trend. O3 formation chemistry was accurately diagnosed by combining satellite-based data and ground-based O3 data. A new threshold value (3.3-4.6) was derived to determine the transition from VOC-limited to NOx-limited O3 formation regimes. Results showed that O3 sensitivity exhibited pronounced seasonal variations. The VOC-limited regime predominates throughout the entire Fujian region in winter, whereas it occupies only 5% of the area in summer. A VOC-limited region was found widely across Fujian on an annual average, but it decreased by 24% over 10 years. Transitional areas experienced a 19% increase. In two natural emission reduction cases (reductions during the Chinese Lunar New Year holiday and reductions in weekend traffic emissions compared to weekdays), ground-level O3 effectively captured the impacts of sensitivity changes. The impact suggests that when Fujian is in the VOC control region, a significant reduction in NOx, without effective VOC control, might lead to an O3 increase. The importance of controlling VOC emissions is highlighted in Fujian. This study enhances the understanding of O3 formation regimes in southeastern China, which is crucial for developing O3 prevention and control strategies.

Pore Size Distribution and Fractal Characteristics of Deep Coal in the Daning-Jixian Block on the Eastern Margin of the Ordos Basin.

Important breakthroughs have recently been achieved in deep coalbed methane (CBM) exploration and development in regions such as the eastern margin of the Ordos Basin, China. Investigating the development characteristics of various-scale pores in deep coalbeds is of great significance for resource assessment and selection of favorable zones for CBM exploration. Herein, six deep coal samples were selected from the Shanxi and Taiyuan Formations in the Daning-Jixian block on the eastern margin of the Ordos Basin. Low-pressure CO2/N2 adsorption (LP-CO2/N2GA) and high-pressure mercury intrusion (HPMI) methods were employed to analyze pore volume, specific surface area, and pore size distribution, thereby evaluating the full-scale pore characteristics. Furthermore, the fractal dimension characteristics of deep coal rock pores were elucidated, revealing the influence of pore structure, burial depth, and coal composition. The results indicate that micropores in deep coal rocks have the highest volume and specific surface area proportions, while mesopores have the smallest volume proportion, and macropores make the least contribution to the total specific surface area. The V-S, Frenkel-Halsey-Hill, and Sierpinski models were suitable for calculating the fractal dimensions of micropores, mesopores, and macropores with LP-CO2GA, LP-N2GA, and HPMI experimental data, respectively. Other than the relatively smaller mesopore fractal dimension of samples 20-8 and 20-10, the micropore, mesopore, and macropore fractal dimensions successively increased in the other four samples. The comprehensive fractal dimension, which exhibited a decreasing trend with increasing pore volume and specific surface area, was negatively correlated with burial depth, mineral and moisture contents, and ash and volatile component yields, while it was positively correlated with vitrinite and fixed carbon contents.

Suppression of RCAN1 alleviated lipid accumulation and mitochondrial fission in diabetic cardiomyopathy.

BACKGROUND: Although metabolic disturbance is a characteristic of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DbCM), the detailed pathogenesis of DbCM remains unknown. METHODS: We used a heart transplantation (HTx) cohort to explore the effect of diabetes mellitus on heart failure (HF) progression dependent of myocardium. Microscopic and ultramicroscopic pathology were used to depict the pathological features of human myocardium of DbCM. We performed targeted metabolomics to characterize the metabolic phenotype of human DbCM. Transcriptomics data were analyzed and weighted gene co-expression network analysis was performed to explore the potential upstream regulator for metabolic remodeling of DbCM. In vivo and in vitro experiments were further conducted to demonstrate the therapeutic effects and molecular mechanisms. RESULTS: DbCM promoted the progression of HF and increased death or HF-rehospitalization after HTx. Lipid accumulation and mitochondrial fission were the obvious pathological features of DbCM myocardium. The concentrations of C14:0-CoA and C16:1-CoA were significantly increased in the myocardium, and they were positively correlated with the accelerated HF progression and RCAN1 expression in DbCM patients. Knockdown of RCAN1 improved cardiac dysfunction, lipid accumulation, and mitochondrial fission in db/db mice. In vitro studies showed that RCAN1 knockdown improved mitochondrial dysfunction in DbCM cardiomyocytes via the RCAN1-p-Drp1 Ser616 axis. CONCLUSIONS: Diabetes is associated with faster progression of HF and causes poor prognosis after HTx, accompanied by metabolic remodeling in the myocardium. Accumulation of long chain acyl-CoA in the myocardium is the metabolic hallmark of human DbCM and is associated with more rapid disease progression for DbCM patients. Upregulation of RCAN1 in the myocardium is associated with the metabolic signatures of DbCM and RCAN1 is a potential therapeutic target for DbCM.

Diazotization of o-Aminoamidoximes for the Preparation of Energetic 6,5,6-Fused 1,2,3-Triazine-3-oxides.

Two 6,5,6-fused 1,2,3-triazine-3-oxides (4 and 6) were designed and synthesized via the reaction of o-aminoamidoximes with sodium nitrite. In addition, the ring-opening products (5, 7, and 8) derived from 1,2,3-triazine-3-oxides were isolated and characterized. A comprehensive exploration of the reaction mechanism governing the ring-opening process was performed through a combination of theoretical and experimental studies. Notably, compound 4 exhibited commendable detonation properties and low sensitivity, demonstrating its promising potential as an energetic material.

Microcin Y utilizes its stable structure and biological activity to regulate the metabolism of intestinal probiotics and effectively clear gut Salmonella.

MccY is a novel, structurally stable microcin with antibacterial activity against Enterobacteriaceae. However, the bioavailability of orally administrated MccY is unknown. This study evaluated the effects of MccY as a antimicrobial on pre-digestion in vitro and its intake, digestion and gut metabolism in vivo. The result of pre-digestion results that MccY maintained its biological activity and was resistant to decomposition. The study established a safe threshold of 4.46-9.92 mg/kg for the MccY dosage-body weight relationship in BALB/c mice. Mice fed with MccY demonstrated improved body weight and intestinal barrier function, accompanied with increased IgM immunogenicity and decreased levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 in the intestine. MccY significantly facilitates the growth and activity of probiotics including Lactobacillus, Prevotella, and Bacteroides, and leading to the production of SCFAs and MCFAs during bacterial interactions. Furthermore, MccY effectively protects against the inflammatory response caused by Salmonella Typhimurium infection and effectively clears the Salmonella bacteria from the gut. In conclusion, MccY is seen as a promising new therapeutic target drug for enhancing the intestinal microbe-barrier axis and preventing enteritis.

Epidemiological survey and genetic diversity of Bartonella in fleas collected from rodents in Fujian Province, Southeast China.

BACKGROUND: Fleas, considered to be the main transmission vectors of Bartonella, are highly prevalent and show great diversity. To date, no investigations have focused on Bartonella vectors in Southeast China. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiological and molecular characteristics of Bartonella in fleas in Southeast China. METHODS: From 2016 to 2022, flea samples (n = 1119) were collected from 863 rodent individuals in seven inland and coastal cities in Southeast China. Flea species, region, gender, host species and habitat were recorded. The DNA samples from each individual flea were screened by real-time PCR for the Bartonella ssrA gene. All positive samples were confirmed by PCR based on the presence of the gltA gene and sequenced. The factors associated with Bartonella infection were analyzed by the Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. ANOVA and the t-test were used to compare Bartonella DNA load. RESULTS: Bartonella DNA was detected in 26.2% (293/1119) of the flea samples, including in 27.1% (284/1047) of Xenopsylla cheopis samples, 13.2% (5/38) of Monopsyllus anisus samples, 8.3% (2/24) of Leptopsylla segnis samples and 20.0% (2/10) of other fleas (Nosopsyllus nicanus, Ctenocephalides felis, Stivalius klossi bispiniformis and Neopsylla dispar fukienensis). There was a significant difference in the prevalence of Bartonella among flea species, sex, hosts, regions and habitats. Five species of Bartonella fleas were identified based on sequencing and phylogenetic analyses targeting the gltA gene: B. tribocorum, B. queenslandensis, B. elizabethae, B. rochalimae and B. coopersplainsensis. CONCLUSIONS: There is a high prevalence and diversity of Bartonella infection in the seven species of fleas collected in Southeast China. The detection of zoonotic Bartonella species in this study, including B. tribocorum, B. elizabethae and B. rochalimae, raises public health concerns.

Effect of oral administration of microcin Y on growth performance, intestinal barrier function and gut microbiota of chicks challenged with Salmonella Pullorum.

The lasso peptide microcin Y (MccY) effectively inhibits various serotypes of Salmonella in vitro, but the antibacterial effect against S. Pullorum in poultry is still unclear. This study was the first to evaluate the safety and anti-S. Pullorum infection of MccY in specific pathogen-free (SPF) chicks. The safety test showed that the body weight, IgA and IgM levels of serum, and cecal microbiota structure of 3 groups of chicks orally administrated with different doses of MccY (5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg) for 14 days were not significantly different from those of the control group. Then, the chicks were randomized into 3 groups for the experiment of anti-S. Pullorum infection: (I) negative control group (NC), (II) S. Pullorum-challenged group (SP, 5 × 108 CFU/bird), (III) MccY-treated group (MccY, 20 mg/kg). The results indicated that compared to the SP group, treatment of MccY increased body weight and average daily gain (P < 0.05), reduced S. Pullorum burden in feces, liver, and cecum (P < 0.05), enhanced the thymus, and decreased the spleen and liver index (P < 0.05). Additionally, MccY increased the jejunal villus height, lowered the jejunal and ileal crypt depth (P < 0.05), and upregulated the expression of IL-4, IL-10, ZO-1 in the jejunum and ileum, as well as CLDN-1 in the jejunum (P < 0.05) compared to the SP group. Furthermore, MccY increased probiotic flora (Barnesiella, etc.), while decreasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of pathogenic flora (Escherichia and Salmonella, etc.) compared to the SP group.

Nondestructive Assessment of Quality Characteristics of As-Built Additive Manufacturing Aeronautical AlSi10Mg and Inspection of Offset.

AlSi10Mg is widely used in additively manufacturing aeronautical lattice and honeycomb structures. The unclear complex quality characteristics has been an obstacle of nondestructive testing of additive manufacturing (AM) AlSi10Mg, especially at its as-built state. This article attempts to reveal the quality characteristics of as-built AM aeronautical AlSi10Mg based on its conductivity characteristics. Experimental results show that the quality of manufacturing is nonuniform. The nonuniformity of each sample surface is systematically evaluated. Along the building direction, the quality is best in the initial few layers and decreases as the built height increases. On this basis, a reference curve is obtained and used to describe the quality characteristics of as-built AM component along the building direction. Based on the quality characteristics, the inspection of small offsets caused by accidental failures during the manufacturing process is carried out. The offsets not <37 µm are detected with the help of the reference curve, whereas they are not discovered by the radiography testing. It proves that the proposed method of offset inspection is highly sensitive.

A new score for predicting intracranial hemorrhage in patients using antiplatelet drugs.

Antiplatelet drugs in patients increase the risk of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), which can seriously affect patients' quality of life and even endanger their lives. Currently, there is no specific score for predicting the risk of ICH caused by antiplatelet drugs. We aimed to identify factors associated with ICH in patients on antiplatelet drugs and to construct and validate a predictive model that would provide a validated tool for the clinic. Data were obtained from the patient medical records inpatient system. Prediction models were built by logistic regression, the area under the curve (AUC), and column line plots. Internal validation, analytical identification and calibration of the model using AUC, calibration curves and Hosmer-Lemeshow test. The registration number of this study is ChiCTR2000031909, and the ethical review number is 2020KY087. This single-center retrospective study enrolled 753 patients treated with antiplatelet drugs, including 527 in the development cohort. Multifactorial analysis showed that male, headache or vomiting, hypertension, cerebrovascular disease, CT-defined white matter hypodensity, abnormal GCS, fibrinogen and D-dimer were independent risk factors for ICH, and lipid-lowering drugs was a protective factor. The model was constructed using these nine factors with an AUC value of 0.949. In the validation cohort, the model showed good discriminatory power with an AUC value of 0.943 and good calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow test P value of 0.818). Based on 9 factors, we derived and validated a predictive model for ICH with antiplatelet drugs in patients. The model has good predictive value and may be an effective tool to reduce the occurrence of ICH.

Structural identification and anti-neuroinflammatory effect of a heteropolysaccharide ATP50-3 from Acorus tatarinowii rhizome.

Acorus tatarinowii, a famous traditional Chinese medicine, is used for the clinical treatment of memory impairment and dementia. In this research, AT50, the crude polysaccharide extracted from A. tatarinowii rhizome, significantly improved the memory and learning ability of mice with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and exerted excellent anti-neuroinflammatory effects. More importantly, AT50 returned the levels of NO, TNF-α, IL-1ß, PGE-2, and IL-6 in AD mouse brains to normal levels. To identify the active ingredients in AT50, a heteropolysaccharide ATP50-3 was obtained from AT50. Structural analysis indicated ATP50-3 consisted of α-L-Araf-(1→, →2)-α-L-Araf-(1→, →3)-α-L-Araf-(1→, →5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, α-D-Xylp-(1→, →3,4)-ß-D-Xylp-(1→, →3)-α-D-Galp-(1→, →3,6)-α-D-Galp-(1→, →6)-4-OAc-α-D-Galp-(1→, →3,4,6)-α-D-Galp-(1→, →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, →2,3,6)-ß-D-Glcp-(1→, →4,6)-α-D-Manp-(1→, →3,4)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→, and →4)-α-D-GlcpA-(1 â†’ residues and terminated with Xyl and Ara. Additionally, ATP50-3 significantly inhibited the release of proinflammatory factors in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 cells. ATP50-3 may be an active constituent of AT50, responsible for its anti-neuroinflammatory effects, with great potential to treat AD.

Microcage flame retardants with complete recyclability and durability via reversible interfacial locking engineering.

Flame retardants are effective in protecting materials from fire but pose environmental challenges due to limited recyclability. Urgently needed for circular material economy are new flame retardants that are chemically recyclable and durable. Here, we report a new facile and scalable strategy for engineering reversible microcages with infinite chemical recyclability to starting monomers, exceptional durability, and versatile flame retardancy. This is achieved through a highly synergistic hierarchical assembly of easily obtainable phosphoric acid and Cu2+ monomers. By leveraging dynamic reversible assembly networks, microcages can be circularly and infinitely dissociated into starting monomers via eco-friendly pH adjustment. Remarkable recovery rates of 92% for phosphoric acid and 96.2% for Cu2+ monomers are achieved, while the separated virgin matrix undergoes conventional chemical recycling, facilitating reformulation and seamless reintroduction into new supply chains as needed. Notably, when integrated with matrix-like surfaces, microcage clasp matrices tightly engage through in situ formed interfacial locking structures, showcasing outstanding flame-retardant efficiency, prolonged durability in hydrothermal aging, and extensive applicability across diverse polymeric materials such as polyurethane, epoxy resin, and polycarbonate. This study emphasizes a novel, straightforward, and scalable chemical platform, utilizing reversible interfacial locking engineering, for the development of flame retardants that are not only infinitely recyclable but also durable and broadly applicable.

Investigating the efficacy and importance of mobile-based assessments for Parkinson's disease: uncovering the potential of novel digital tests.

This study introduces PDMotion, a mobile application comprising 11 digital tests, including those adapted from the MDS-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) Part III and novel assessments, for remote Parkinson's Disease (PD) motor symptoms evaluation. Employing machine learning techniques on data from 50 PD patients and 29 healthy controls, PDMotion achieves accuracies of 0.878 for PD status prediction and 0.715 for severity assessment. A post-hoc explanation model is employed to assess the importance of features and tasks in diagnosis and severity evaluation. Notably, novel tasks that are not adapted from MDS-UPDRS Part III like the circle drawing, coordination test, and alternative tapping test are found to be highly important, suggesting digital assessments for PD can go beyond digitizing existing tests. The alternative tapping test emerges as the most significant task. Using its features alone achieves prediction accuracies comparable to the full task set, underscoring its potential as an independent screening tool. This study addresses a notable research gap by digitalizing a wide array of tests, including novel ones, and conducting a comparative analysis of their feature and task importance. These insights provide guidance for task selection and future development in PD mobile assessments, a field previously lacking such comparative studies.

Efficient CsPbBr3 Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes via Novel Multi-Step Ligand Exchange Strategy Based on Zwitterionic Molecules.

Perovskite nanocrystals have absorbed increasing interest, especially in the field of optoelectronics, owing to their unique characteristics, including their tunable luminescence range, robust solution processability, facile synthesis, and so on. However, in practice, due to the inherent instability of the traditional long-chain insulating ligands surrounding perovskite quantum dots (PeQDs), the performance of the as-fabricated QLED is relatively disappointing. Herein, the zwitterion 3-(decyldimethylammonio)propanesulfonate (DLPS) with the capability of double passivating perovskite quantum dots could effectively replace the original long-chain ligand simply through a multistep post-treatment strategy to finally inhibit the formation of defects. It was indicated from theexperimental results that the DLPS, as one type of ligand with the bimolecular ion, was very adavntageous in replacing long-chain ligands and further suppressing the formation of defects. Finally, the perovskite quantum dots with greatly enhanced PLQY as high as 98% were effectively achieved. Additionally, the colloidal stability of the corresponding PeQDs has been significantly enhanced, and a transparent colloidal solution was obtained after 45 days under ambient conditions. Finally, the as-fabricated QLEDs based on the ligand-exchanged PeQDs exhibited a maximum brightness of 9464 cd/m2 and an EQE of 12.17%.

Electrochemical Oxidation of Furfural on NiMoP/NF: Boosting Current Density with Enhanced Adsorption of Oxygenates.

Substituting the low-value oxygen evolution reaction (OER) with thermodynamically more favored organic oxidation such as furfural oxidation reaction (FOR) is regarded as a perspective approach to decrease energy cost of hydrogen evolution from water splitting. However, the kinetic of FOR can be even more sluggish than OER under large current density. In this work, a strategy is proposed to accelerate FOR by enhancing the adsorption of oxygenates on active sites. Over the prepared NiMoP/NF anode, only 1.46 V versus RHE is required in furfural solution to achieve 500 mA cm-2 , significantly better than the OER activity over commercial RuO2 /NF under the same current density (1.57 V vs RHE).

Risk factors for anticoagulant-associated gastrointestinal hemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: There may be many predictors of anticoagulation-related gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB), but until now, systematic reviews and assessments of the certainty of the evidence have not been published. We conducted a systematic review to identify all risk factors for anticoagulant-associated GIB to inform risk prediction in the management of anticoagulation- related GIB. METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to search PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases (from inception through January 21, 2022) using the following search terms: anticoagulants, heparin, warfarin, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban, DOACs, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, risk factors. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, studies of risk factors for anticoagulation-related GIB were identified. Risk factors for anticoagulant-associated GIB were used as the outcome index of this review. RESULTS: We included 34 studies in our analysis. For anticoagulant-associated GIB, moderate-certainty evidence showed a probable association with older age, kidney disease, concomitant use of aspirin, concomitant use of the antiplatelet agent, heart failure, myocardial infarction, hematochezia, renal failure, coronary artery disease, helicobacter pylori infection, social risk factors, alcohol use, smoking, anemia, history of sleep apnea, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, international normalized ratio (INR), obesity et al. Some of these factors are not included in current GIB risk prediction models. such as anemia, co-administration of gemfibrozil, co-administration of verapamil or diltiazem, INR, heart failure, myocardial infarction, etc. CONCLUSION: The study found that anemia, co-administration of gemfibrozil, co-administration of verapamil or diltiazem, INR, heart failure, myocardial infarction et al. were associated with anticoagulation-related GIB, and these factors were not in the existing prediction models. This study informs risk prediction for anticoagulant-associated GIB, it also informs guidelines for GIB prevention and future research.