Clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with newly diagnosed primary central nervous system lymphoma: a multicentre retrospective analysis.

Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKi) exhibit superior efficacy in relapsed/refractory primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), but few studies have evaluated patients with newly diagnosed PCNSL, and even fewer studies have evaluated differences in efficacy between treatment with BTKi and traditional chemotherapy. This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics of 86 patients with PCNSL and identified predictors of poor prognosis for overall survival (OS). After excluding patients who only received palliative care, 82 patients were evaluated for efficacy and survival. According to the induction regimen, patients were divided into the traditional chemotherapy, BTKi combination therapy, and radiotherapy groups; the objective response rates (ORR) of the three groups were 71.4%, 96.2%, and 71.4% (P = 0.037), respectively. Both median progression-free survival and median duration of remission showed statistically significant differences (P = 0.019 and P = 0.030, respectively). The median OS of the BTKi-containing therapy group was also longer than that of the traditional chemotherapy group (not reached versus 47.8 (32.5-63.1) months, P = 0.038).Seventy-one patients who achieved an ORR were further analyzed, and achieved an ORR after four cycles of treatment and maintenance therapy had prolonged OS (P = 0.003 and P = 0.043, respectively). In conclusion, survival, and prognosis of patients with newly diagnosed PCNSL are influenced by the treatment regimen, with the BTKi-containing regimen showing great potential.

Short-homology-mediated PCR-based method for gene introduction in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

Schizosaccharomyces pombe is a commonly utilized model organism for studying various aspects of eukaryotic cell physiology. One reason for its widespread use as an experimental system is the ease of genetic manipulations, leveraging the natural homology-targeted repair mechanism to accurately modify the genome. We conducted a study to assess the feasibility and efficiency of directly introducing exogenous genes into the fission yeast S. pombe using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) with short-homology flanking sequences. Specifically, we amplified the NatMX6 gene (which provides resistance to nourseothricin) using PCR with oligonucleotides that had short flanking regions of 20 bp, 40 bp, 60 bp and 80 bp to the target gene. By using this purified PCR product, we successfully introduced the NatMX6 gene at position 171 385 on chromosome III in S. pombe. We have made a simple modification to the transformation procedure, resulting in a significant increase in transformation efficiency by at least 5-fold. The success rate of gene integration at the target position varied between 20% and 50% depending on the length of the flanking regions. Additionally, we discovered that the addition of dimethyl sulfoxide and boiled carrier DNA increased the number of transformants by ~60- and 3-fold, respectively. Furthermore, we found that the removal of the pku70+ gene improved the transformation efficiency to ~5% and reduced the formation of small background colonies. Overall, our results demonstrate that with this modified method, even very short stretches of homologous regions (as short as 20 bp) can be used to effectively target genes at a high frequency in S. pombe. This finding greatly facilitates the introduction of exogenous genes in this organism.

Marginal zone lymphoma with severe rashes: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) is an indolent subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), which is rare clinically with severe rashes as the initial symptom. CASE SUMMARY: This study reports a case of MZL with generalized skin rashes accompanied by pruritus and purulent discharge. First-line treatment with rituximab combined with zanubrutinib had poor effects. However, after switching to obinutuzumab combined with zanubrutinib, the case was alleviated, and the rashes disappeared. CONCLUSION: For patients with advanced stage MZL not benefiting from type I anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (mAb) combination therapy, switching to a type II anti-CD20 mAb combination regimen may be considered. This approach may provide a new perspective in the treatment of MZL.

Association between dietary intake of saturated fatty acid subgroups and breast cancer risk.

The impact of dietary saturated fatty acids (SFAs) on breast cancer risk may vary depending on their carbon chain lengths, attributable to the discrepancy in their dietary sources and biological activities. The associations between SFA subgroups classified by chain length and breast cancer risk remain controversial. In this case-control study, we aimed to investigate the association between the dietary intake of SFA subgroups, classified by chain lengths, and odds of breast cancer in China. This study included 1661 cases of breast cancer (confirmed as primary and histologically) and 1674 frequency-matched controls. Face-to-face interviews were used to collect basic information, while dietary intake information was obtained by a food frequency questionnaire. The unconditional logistic regression model was used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). All SFA subgroups were inversely associated with odds of breast cancer. The adjusted ORs (95% CIs) were 0.78 (0.61-0.99) for medium-chain SFAs, 0.50 (0.31-0.83) for long even-chain SFAs, 0.69 (0.54-0.88) for long odd-chain, and 0.67 (0.48-0.95) for very long-chain SFAs, respectively. In the restricted cubic spline (RCS) models, a non-linear M-shaped association was observed between long odd-chain SFAs and odds of breast cancer (Pnon-linearity = 0.007). However, the associations of medium-chain SFAs, long even-chain SFAs, and very long-chain SFAs did not reach statistical significance (Pnon-linearity > 0.05). No significant interactions were observed between all these four subgroups of SFAs and menopausal status or BMI. Our findings emphasize the significance of elucidating the associations of dietary SFAs according to chain lengths, providing insights into the etiology as well as the potential benefits of SFA-rich food intake in reducing the risk of breast cancer. Further prospective cohort studies and intervention studies are warranted to confirm these findings and identify the underlying mechanisms of the association between dietary SFAs and breast cancer.

Erythrocyte membrane n-3 PUFA are inversely associated with breast cancer risk among Chinese women.

The relationship between erythrocyte membrane n-3 PUFA and breast cancer risk is controversial. We aimed to examine the associations of erythrocyte membrane n-3 PUFA with odds of breast cancer among Chinese women by using a relatively large sample size. A case-control study was conducted including 853 newly diagnosed, histologically confirmed breast cancer cases and 892 frequency-matched controls (5-year interval). Erythrocyte membrane n-3 PUFA were measured by GC. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline were used to quantify the association between erythrocyte membrane n-3 PUFA and odds of breast cancer. Erythrocyte membrane α-linolenic acid (ALA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) and total n-3 PUFA were inversely and non-linearly associated with odds of breast cancer. The OR values (95 % CI), comparing the highest with the lowest quartile (Q), were 0·57 (0·43, 0·76), 0·43 (0·32, 0·58) and 0·36 (0·27, 0·49) for ALA, DPA and total n-3 PUFA, respectively. Erythrocyte membrane EPA and DHA were linearly and inversely associated with odds of breast cancer ((EPA: ORQ4 v. Q1 (95 % CI) = 0·59 (0·45, 0·79); DHA: ORQ4 v. Q1 (95 % CI) = 0·50 (0·37, 0·67)). The inverse associations were observed between ALA and odds of breast cancer in postmenopausal women, and between DHA and oestrogen receptor+ breast cancer. This study showed that erythrocyte membrane total and individual n-3 PUFA were inversely associated with odds of breast cancer. Other factors, such as menopause and hormone receptor status, may warrant further investigation when examining the association between n-3 PUFA and odds of breast cancer.

Exploring Plant Meiosis: Insights from the Kinetochore Perspective.

The central player for chromosome segregation in both mitosis and meiosis is the macromolecular kinetochore structure, which is assembled by >100 structural and regulatory proteins on centromere DNA. Kinetochores play a crucial role in cell division by connecting chromosomal DNA and microtubule polymers. This connection helps in the proper segregation and alignment of chromosomes. Additionally, kinetochores can act as a signaling hub, regulating the start of anaphase through the spindle assembly checkpoint, and controlling the movement of chromosomes during anaphase. However, the role of various kinetochore proteins in plant meiosis has only been recently elucidated, and these proteins differ in their functionality from those found in animals. In this review, our current knowledge of the functioning of plant kinetochore proteins in meiosis will be summarized. In addition, the functional similarities and differences of core kinetochore proteins in meiosis between plants and other species are discussed, and the potential applications of manipulating certain kinetochore genes in meiosis for breeding purposes are explored.

Association of DNA methylation of vitamin D metabolic pathway related genes with colorectal cancer risk.

BACKGROUND: Vitamin D might have anti-tumor effect, which is affected by the genes related to vitamin D metabolic pathway. Epigenetic mechanism may affect the expression level of vitamin D metabolic pathway related genes, then plays an important role in the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer. To date, no study has reported on the association between blood-based DNA methylation level of vitamin D metabolic pathway related genes and colorectal cancer risk. METHODS: A case-control study was conducted including 102 colorectal cancer cases and 102 sex- and age-frequency-matched controls in Guangzhou, China. CpG islands in the VDR, CYP24A1, CYP27B1 and CYP2R1 genes were chosen for DNA methylation analysis by MethylTarget sequencing. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of DNA methylation levels for colorectal cancer. Taking the point with the largest Youden index as the boundary value, the cumulative methylation levels of vitamin D metabolic pathway related genes were divided into hypomethylation and hypermethylation. Unconditional multivariable logistical regression model was used to calculate the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) after adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS: Among 153 CpG sites, 8 CpG sites were significantly different between the cases and the controls. The cumulative methylation level of all CpG sites in CYP2R1 was inversely associated with the risk of colorectal cancer (aOR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.26-0.91). However, no significant association was found between cumulative methylation levels of all CpG sites in VDR, CYP24A1 and CYP27B1 and colorectal cancer risk. Significant inverse association was observed between cumulative methylation level of significant CpG sites in VDR (aOR, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.16-0.51) and CYP24A1 (aOR, 0.19; 95% CI, 0.09-0.40) and colorectal cancer risk. There were no significant associations between cumulative methylation levels of significant CpG sites in CYP2R1 and CYP27B1 and colorectal cancer risk. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicated that the cumulative methylation levels of significant CpG sites in VDR and CYP24A1 and all CpG sites in CYP2R1 were inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk.

Treatment of severe open bite and mandibular condyle anterior displacement by mini-screws and four second molars extraction: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders are closely related to high-angle and skeletal Class II malocclusion. Sometimes pathological changes in the mandibular condyle can cause open bite to occur after growth is complete. CASE SUMMARY: This article is about the treatment of an adult male patient with a severe hyperdivergent skeletal Class II base, an unusual and gradually occurring open bite and an abnormal mandibular condyle anterior displacement. Because the patient refused surgery, four second molars with cavities and root canal therapy were extracted, and four mini-screws were used for intrusion of the posterior teeth. The treatment duration was 22 mo, and after the treatment, the open bite was corrected and the displaced mandibular condyles were seated back to the articular fossa as shown by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Based on the patient's open bite history, the result of clinical examinations and CBCT comparisons, we believe it is possible that the occlusion interference was eliminated after the four second molars were extracted and the posterior teeth were intruded, and the patient's condyle spontaneously returned to its physiologic position. Finally, a normal overbite was established, and stable occlusion was achieved. CONCLUSION: This case report suggested that identifying the cause of open bite is essential, and the TMJ factors for hyperdivergent skeletal Class II cases should be particularly examined. For these cases, intruding posterior teeth may place the condyle in a more appropriate position and provide an environment suitable for TMJ recovery.

Exploring the Complex Relationship between Gut Microbiota and Risk of Colorectal Neoplasia Using Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Human gut microbiome has complex relationships with the host, contributing to metabolism, immunity, and carcinogenesis. METHODS: Summary-level data for gut microbiota and metabolites were obtained from MiBioGen, FINRISK and human metabolome consortia. Summary-level data for colorectal cancer were derived from a genome-wide association study meta-analysis. In forward Mendelian randomization (MR), we employed genetic instrumental variables (IV) for 24 gut microbiota taxa and six bacterial metabolites to examine their causal relationship with colorectal cancer. We also used a lenient threshold for nine apriori gut microbiota taxa as secondary analyses. In reverse MR, we explored association between genetic liability to colorectal neoplasia and abundance of microbiota studied above using 95, 19, and 7 IVs for colorectal cancer, adenoma, and polyps, respectively. RESULTS: Forward MR did not find evidence indicating causal relationship between any of the gut microbiota taxa or six bacterial metabolites tested and colorectal cancer risk. However, reverse MR supported genetic liability to colorectal adenomas was causally related with increased abundance of two taxa: Gammaproteobacteria (ß = 0.027, which represents a 0.027 increase in log-transformed relative abundance values of Gammaproteobacteria for per one-unit increase in log OR of adenoma risk; P = 7.06×10-8), Enterobacteriaceae (ß = 0.023, P = 1.29×10-5). CONCLUSIONS: We find genetic liability to colorectal neoplasia may be associated with abundance of certain microbiota taxa. It is more likely that subset of colorectal cancer genetic liability variants changes gut biology by influencing both gut microbiota and colorectal cancer risk. IMPACT: This study highlights the need of future complementary studies to explore causal mechanisms linking both host genetic variation with gut microbiome and colorectal cancer susceptibility.

Serum levels of n-3 PUFA and colorectal cancer risk in Chinese population.

Circulating n-3 PUFA, which integrate endogenous and exogenous n-3 PUFA, can be better used to investigate the relationship between n-3 PUFA and disease. However, studies examining the associations between circulating n-3 PUFA and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk were limited, and the results remained inconclusive. This case­control study aimed to examine the association between serum n-3 PUFA and CRC risk in Chinese population. A total of 680 CRC cases and 680 sex- and age-matched (5-year interval) controls were included. Fatty acids were assayed by GC. OR and 95 % CI were calculated using multivariable logistic regression after adjustment for potential confounders. Higher level of serum α-linolenic acid (ALA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), DHA, long-chain n-3 PUFA and total n-3 PUFA were associated with lower odds of CRC. The adjusted OR and 95 % CI were 0·34 (0·24, 0·49, Pfor trend < 0·001) for ALA, 0·57 (0·40, 0·80, Pfor trend < 0·001) for DPA, 0·48 (0·34, 0·68, Pfor trend < 0·001) for DHA, 0·39 (0·27, 0·56, Pfor trend < 0·001) for long-chain n-3 PUFA and 0·31 (0·22, 0·45, Pfor trend < 0·001) for total n-3 PUFA comparing the highest with the lowest quartile. However, there was no statistically significant association between EPA and odds of CRC. Analysis stratified by sex showed that ALA, DHA, long-chain n-3 PUFA and total n-3 PUFA were inversely associated with odds of CRC in both sexes. This study indicated that serum ALA, DPA, DHA, long-chain n-3 PUFA and total n-3 PUFA were inversely associated with odds of having CRC in Chinese population.

Orthodontic-surgical treatment of an Angle Class II malocclusion patient with mandibular hypoplasia and missing maxillary first molars: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Adult patients presenting with Angle Class II division 1 malocclusions that have a strong skeletal etiology can be challenging for clinicians, particularly if accompanied by retrognathia of the mandible and a dolichofacial growth pattern. CASE SUMMARY: In this case report, we describe the successful orthodontic and surgical management of a 20-year-old woman with an Angle Class II malocclusion with a severe anteroposterior skeletal discrepancy characterized by mandibular deficiency. She had incompetent lips, dental and skeletal Class II malocclusion, high mandibular plane angle, mild mandibular crowding, and two missing maxillary first molars. The treatment plan comprised: (1) Extraction of two mandibular second premolars to decompensate and retract mandibular incisors; (2) pre-surgical alignment, leveling, and space closure of the teeth in both arches, and protraction of the second maxillary molars to close the maxillary space; (3) surgical treatment including a LeFort I osteotomy for maxillary retraction and rotation, a bilateral sagittal split osteotomy for mandibular advancement and rotation, and a genioplasty for correctting the skeletal deformities; and (4) post-surgical correction of the malocclusion. CONCLUSION: The patient's facial esthetics was significantly improved and a desirable occlusion was achieved after 16 mo treatment. Follow-up records after 2 years showed stable esthetics and function.

Serum flavin mononucleotide but not riboflavin is inversely associated with the risk of colorectal cancer.

Vitamin B2 is essential for DNA methylation, stability and repair, which may influence the development and pathogenesis of several cancers. However, data regarding the associations of circulating vitamin B2 with colorectal cancer risk are limited. The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations between serum vitamin B2 and colorectal cancer risk, particularly among participants with different serum levels of vitamin B6 or folate. A hospital-based case-control study, including 1009 colorectal cancer cases and 1182 controls matched by age and sex, was conducted in Guangdong Province, China. Vitamin B2 including riboflavin and flavin mononucleotide (FMN), the vitamin B6 indicator pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP) and folate in serum samples were measured by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Vitamin B2 sum was calculated as the sum of riboflavin plus FMN. A significant inverse association was observed between serum FMN, but not serum riboflavin or vitamin B2 sum, and colorectal cancer risk. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of serum FMN, by comparing the highest with the lowest quartile, was 0.63 (0.46-0.85, Ptrend = 0.001). Stratified analysis by serum PLP and folate levels indicated that serum FMN was inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk among participants with lower serum PLP or higher folate levels. This study added supporting data to the limited evidence that vitamin B2 could play a preventive role in colorectal carcinogenesis among the Chinese population, primarily by FMN. Individuals with a lower PLP level or an adequate folate level could be more sensitive to the protective role of vitamin B2.

Association of plant-based dietary patterns with the risk of colorectal cancer: a large-scale case-control study.

Plant-based diets are associated with a lower risk of colorectal cancer, but the risk might differ by the quality of plant-based diets. This study aimed to investigate the association between different types of plant-based dietary patterns and colorectal cancer risk in the Chinese population. We conducted a case-control study with 2799 eligible colorectal cancer cases and 2799 sex- and age-matched controls in Guangzhou, China. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to collect dietary data, from which we derived plant-based diet indices, including the plant-based diet index (PDI), the healthy PDI (hPDI), and the unhealthy PDI (uPDI). The PDI, hPDI, and uPDI assess the adherence to overall, healthy, and unhealthy plant-based dietary patterns, respectively. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for colorectal cancer risk were estimated using unconditional logistic regression models. Higher adherence to the PDI, particularly the hPDI, was associated with a lower risk of colorectal cancer, whereas greater adherence to the uPDI was associated with a higher risk of colorectal cancer. Compared with the lowest quintile, the adjusted ORs in the highest quintile were 0.79 (95% CI: 0.66-0.95) for the PDI, 0.45 (95% CI: 0.38-0.55) for the hPDI, and 1.45 (95% CI: 1.18-1.78) for the hPDI, respectively. In stratified analysis, the inverse association between the PDI and colorectal cancer risk was not observed in women, and the positive association between the uPDI and colorectal cancer risk was not observed in men. In conclusion, these results support recommendations that shifting to a healthy plant-based dietary pattern is important for the prevention of colorectal cancer, particularly in the Chinese population that habitually consumes plant foods.

Association of dietary intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids with breast cancer risk in pre- and postmenopausal Chinese women.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the associations between breast cancer risk and intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and/or n-3 PUFA subclasses in Chinese women, and determine whether these associations varied with menopausal status or clinical characteristics. METHODS: A hospital-based case-control study including 1,589 cases and 1,621 age-frequency-matched controls was conducted. Dietary data were assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals were obtained using multiple unconditional logistic regression models after controlling for potential confounders. RESULTS: Higher intake of marine n-3 PUFAs and total n-3 PUFAs was associated with lower risk of breast cancer, with adjusted OR quartile 4 v.1 (95% confidence intervals) of 0.68 (0.55-0.84) and 0.56 (0.42-0.75), respectively. Dietary a-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid were also inversely associated with breast cancer risk, with adjusted ORs (95% confidence intervals) of 0.51 (0.38-0.70), 0.68 (0.55-0.84), 0.68 (0.55-0.85), and 0.76 (0.61-0.94), respectively. In stratified analyses, these inverse associations between risk and dietary n-3 PUFAs were more evident among premenopausal women and women with ER+, PR+ and ER+PR+ tumors. A decreased risk of breast cancer was significantly associated with increasing n-3 PUFA intake in obese/overweight women, but not in women of normal weight. There was a significant interaction between linoleic acid and marine n-3 PUFAs. CONCLUSIONS: High intake of n-3 PUFAs and n-3 PUFA subtypes was associated with a lower risk of breast cancer, especially among premenopausal women and women with ER+ and/or PR+ subtype breast cancer.

Association of Serum Pyridoxal-5'-Phosphate, Pyridoxal, and PAr with Colorectal Cancer Risk: A Large-Scale Case-Control Study.

Previous epidemiological studies have focused on the association of dietary vitamin B6 or circulating pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP) with colorectal cancer risk. This study aimed to investigate the vitamin B6 in relation to colorectal cancer risk combining the biomarkers of PLP, pyridoxal (PL) plus PLP, and PAr (the ratio of 4-pyridoxic acid over the sum of PLP and PL). A large-scale hospital-based case-control study was conducted in Guangdong Province, China, which included 1233 colorectal cancer cases and 1245 sex and age frequency-matched controls. Serum PLP, PL, and 4-pyridoxic acid (PA) were detected with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography−tandem mass spectrometry. Unconditional logistic regression models were used to assess the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Serum PLP and the sum of PLP and PL were inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk, while PAr was positively associated with colorectal cancer risk. Comparing the highest with the lowest quartile, the adjusted OR (95% CI) was 0.26 (0.20−0.33, Ptrend < 0.001) for serum PLP, 0.51 (0.40−0.66, Ptrend < 0.001) for serum PLP plus PL, and 2.90 (2.25−3.75, Ptrend < 0.001) for PAr. Serum PLP and PAr had significantly stronger associations with colorectal cancer risk in the male group and smoking group. Our results supported the protective role of vitamin B6 in colorectal cancer risk among Chinese people. The positive association of PAr with colorectal cancer risk suggested the potential role of inflammation and oxidative stress in colorectal carcinogenesis.

Educational level and colorectal cancer risk: the mediating roles of lifestyle and dietary factors.

OBJECTIVE: The association between the educational level and colorectal cancer risk was controversial in developed countries and evidence was limited in Chinese population. This study aimed to investigate the association between the educational level and colorectal cancer risk in Guangdong Province, China. METHODS: From July 2010 to April 2019, 2502 newly diagnosed colorectal cancer patients and 2538 sex- and age-matched controls were recruited in this case-control study. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the association between the educational level and colorectal cancer risk. Path analysis was used to investigate whether behavioral risk factors potentially mediated the association between the educational level and colorectal cancer risk. RESULTS: Educational level was inversely associated with the colorectal cancer risk. People who graduated from the college or above had a lower risk of colorectal cancer than those from the primary school or below, with an adjusted odds ratio of 0.42 [95% confidence intervals (CI), 0.34-0.52]. The total, direct and indirect effects of the educational level for the colorectal cancer risk were statistically significant in the path diagram. Path analysis showed that lower red and processed meat intake and higher tea and coffee drinking among high educational participants contributed to the inverse association between the educational level and colorectal cancer risk. CONCLUSION: The findings suggested that the educational level was inversely associated with the colorectal cancer risk. The association might be mediated by red and processed meat intake, household and leisure-time activities, and tea and coffee drinking.

[Prognostic Significance of CD27 and CD56 on Newly Diagnosed MM Patients Treated with Bortezomib].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the significance of CD27 and CD56 in the prognosis of multiple myeloma (MM) patients, and to establish a simple and convenient prognostic risk score. METHODS: One hundred and eleven newly diagnosed MM patients treated by bortezomib in Shengjing hospital from January 1, 2013 to January 1, 2019 were selected, and the relationship between clinical characteristics and survival time of patients was analyzed. RESULTS: The overall survival (OS) of patients in CD27+CD56+ group was longer than that of patients in non-CD27+CD56+ group (P<0.05). ß2-microglobulin≥5.5 mmol/L, serum calcium >2.5 mmol/L and expression of non-CD27+CD56+ were the independent risk factors in patients with MM treated by bortezomib. CONCLUSION: Among patients with MM treated by bortezomib, CD27+CD56+ patients show better prognosis than non-CD27+CD56+ patients. The prognosis of patients with 3 risk factors of ß2-MG and serum calcium concentration above the critical value and non-CD27+CD56+ expression is very poor, and clinical trials or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation or other treatment measures should be given as soon as possible.

Protective effects of acupuncture and LGNHFD on expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor, and cluster of differentiation 34 in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the protective effects of electroacupuncture and LGNHFD on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, and their effects on the expression of cluster of differentiation 34 (CD 34), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in the peripheral tissue of the cerebral ischemic semi-dark zone in rats. The influence and mechanism of expression. METHODS: Healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the sham operation group, model group, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) group, electroacupuncture group, and acupuncture group. The cerebral ischemia model was prepared by middle artery occlusion. The electroacupuncture and TCM groups received electroacupuncture at the ""Neiguan (PC6)"", ""Baihui (GV20)"", and ""Renzhong (GV26)"" acupoints from 4 h after modeling, once daily for 14 d. After modeling, the acupuncture and TCM groups were administered LGNHFD once daily for 14 d. After treatment, the infarct volume and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) were measured in each group, the expression of CD34 in the surrounding ischemic penumbra was determined using immunohistochemistry, and the expression of angiogenesis-related factors in the ischemic hemisphere was detected by western blot. RESULTS: Compared with the sham operation group, rCBF was significantly decreased (P < 0.01) and cerebral infarction volume was significantly increased (P < 0.01) in the model group at four time points (5 min and 3, 7, and 14 d after modeling). At three postoperative time points (3, 7, and 14 d), the number of CD34+ cells in the model group were significantly increased (P < 0.01), and the relative expression levels of VEGF, bFGF, and CD34+ in the ischemic hemisphere were significantly increased (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, the rCBF of the acupuncture group was significantly increased at 3, 7, and 14 d after intervention (P < 0.01), while the rCBF of the electroacupuncture and TCM groups was significantly increased at 7 and 14 d after intervention (P < 0.01). After 3, 7, and 14 d of intervention, infarct volume was significantly reduced (P < 0.01), the number of CD34+ cells was significantly increased (P < 0.01, P < 0.05), and the relative expression levels of VEGF, bFGF, and CD34 in the ischemic hemisphere were significantly increased (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). Compared with the electroacupuncture and TCM groups, the rCBF of the acupuncture group was significantly increased (P < 0.01), the infarct volume was significantly reduced (P < 0.01), and the relative expression levels of VEGF, bFGF, and CD34 were significantly increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) after 3, 7, and 14 d of intervention. CONCLUSION: Acupuncture therapy is superior to simple drug and electroacupuncture therapy for reducing infarct volume, increasing rCBF and CD34 expression in cells, and promoting capillary regeneration in rats with cerebral ischemia. This may be related to the increased expression of VEGF, bFGF, and CD34 - which are related to cerebrovascular neovascularization - in the ischemic hemispheres of such rats.

Optimal gestational weight gain in Chinese pregnant women by Chinese-specific BMI categories: a multicentre prospective cohort study.

OBJECTIVE: To establish optimal gestational weight gain (GWG) in Chinese pregnant women by Chinese-specific BMI categories and compare the new recommendations with the Institute of Medicine (IOM) 2009 guidelines. DESIGN: Multicentre, prospective cohort study. Unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the OR, 95 % CI and the predicted probabilities of adverse pregnancy outcomes. The optimal GWG range was defined as the range that did not exceed a 1 % increase from the lowest predicted probability in each pre-pregnancy BMI group. SETTING: From nine cities in mainland China. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 3731 women with singleton pregnancy were recruited from April 2013 to December 2014. RESULTS: The optimal GWG (ranges) by Chinese-specific BMI was 15·0 (12·8-17·1), 14·2 (12·1-16·4) and 12·6 (10·4-14·9) kg for underweight, normal weight and overweight pregnant women, respectively. Inappropriate GWG was associated with several adverse pregnancy outcomes. Compared with women gaining weight within our proposed recommendations, women with excessive GWG had higher risk for macrosomia, large for gestational age and caesarean section, whereas those with inadequate GWG had higher risk for low birth weight, small for gestational age and preterm delivery. The comparison between our proposed recommendations and IOM 2009 guidelines showed that our recommendations were comparable with the IOM 2009 guidelines and could well predict the risk of several adverse pregnancy outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Inappropriate GWG was associated with higher risk of several adverse pregnancy outcomes. Optimal GWG recommendations proposed in the present study could be applied to Chinese pregnant women.

Dietary flavonoid intake and risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A population-based case-control study.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this population-based case-control study was to investigate the association between dietary consumption of the total flavonoids, subclasses, and specific flavonoids and the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) among adults in a high-risk area of China. METHODS: We recruited 820 ESCC participants and 863 control participants from Yanting County. Dietary flavonoids were assessed using a validated 76-item food frequency questionnaire. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using logistic regression after considering potential confounders. RESULTS: Comparing the highest and lowest intake quartiles, we observed a negative association of ESCC risk with consumption of isoflavones (OR = 0.34, 95% CI = 0.23-0.50, P for trend < 0.001), daidzein (OR = 0.31, 95% CI = 0.21-0.45, P for trend < 0.001), genistein (OR = 0.34, 95% CI = 0.23-0.50, P for trend < 0.001), and glycitein (OR = 0.32, 95% CI = 0.22-0.48, P for trend < 0.001) after adjustment for potential confounders. A more pronounced negative association was observed when comparing the third quartile, rather than the fourth, with the lowest quartile for consumption of anthocyanidins (OR = 0.58, 95% CI = 0.42-0.80, P for trend = 0.004), delphinidin (OR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.41-0.78, P for trend = 0.004), and cyanidin (OR = 0.48, 95% CI = 0.35-0.66, P for trend = 0.003) after considering potential confounders. Consumption of total flavonoids, flavones, flavonols, and six other specific flavonoids (quercetin, myricetin, kaempferol, luteolin, apigenin, and peonidin) was not associated with ESCC risk. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that increased dietary intake of isoflavones and moderate consumption of anthocyanidins were associated with a decreased risk of ESCC. Future nutritional guidelines may emphasize foods or supplements rich in specific isoflavones and anthocyanidins for ESCC chemoprevention.