[Relationship Between Precipitation, River Water, and Groundwater Conversion in the Upper Reaches of Xilin River During the Rainy Season].

To deeply understand the hydrological cycle process and the transformation mechanism of different water bodies in the grassland inland river basin, the atmospheric precipitation, river water, and groundwater in the Xilin River Basin were taken as the research objects, the hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes were analyzed, and the multi-scale spatio-temporal characteristics were analyzed to explore the quantitative transformation relationship between different water bodies in the basin. The results showed that:① the Xilin River Basin had an obvious inland semi-arid climate, the atmospheric precipitation was the main source of recharge for the river water and groundwater, and the groundwater and river water experienced different degrees of non-equilibrium evaporation at the same time. ② The isotopic composition of the river water showed the characteristics of depletion in spring and autumn and enrichment in summer and showed a trend of increasing from upstream to downstream in space. The variation in δ18O in shallow and deep groundwater during the growing season was basically the same, and the main difference between the two occurred at the end of the growing season, that is, the former tended to be stable, whereas the latter showed an upward trend, which reflected that the deep groundwater had a lagged response to the infiltration and recharge of atmospheric precipitation and surface water, and both of them were depleted gradually from southeast to northwest in space. ③ Based on the estimation results of the endmember mixing model, the average recharge ratio of atmospheric precipitation and shallow groundwater to river water in summer was 52.69% and 47.31%, respectively, indicating that shallow groundwater was an important recharge source of river water in the inland river basin even during the rainy season. The results of this study provide theoretical guidance for water resource regulation and ecological environment protection in a typical semi-arid grassland inland river basin.

Safety and efficacy of a modified busulfan/cyclophosphamide conditioning regimen incorporating cladribine for autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in acute myeloid leukemia.

This is a small phase I study examining the safety and efficacy of a cladribine (CLAD)-containing conditioning regimen prior to autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantion (auto-HSCT) for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). All patients, aged 15-54 years (median 32 years), had favorable/intermediate risk AML (n = 20) or acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL; n = 2) and no evidence of minimal residual disease (MRD) prior to transplantation. Fourteen of the 22 patients received the conditioning regimen as follows: busulfan (Bu) + cyclophosphamide (Cy) + CLAD + cytarabine (Ara-c) or idarubicin. The conditioning regimen of 8 patients was without Cy nor idarubicin to reducing adverse cardiac reaction: the regimen of Bu + CLAD+ Ara-c for 6 patients; and the regimen of Bu + melphalan + CLAD + Ara-c for the other 2 patients. All 22 AML patients received peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. The number of infused mononuclear cells and CD34+ cells was 10.00 (2.88-20.97) × 108/kg and 1.89 (1.52-10.44) × 106/kg, respectively. Hematopoietic reconstitution was achieved in all patients, with a median time of 13 (10-34) days for neutrophils and 28 (14-113) days for platelets. Two patients suffered from pulmonary infection, 4 patients suffered from septicemia during the neutropenic stage, and the others suffered from infection or gastrointestinal reaction without exceeding grade 3 after conditioning, which were all alleviated by anti-infection and other supportive treatment. None of the patients died of transplantation-related complications. At a median follow-up of 29.5 (ranging from 4.0 to 60.0) months, three patients relapsed after auto-HSCT at a median time of 6 (ranging from 0.5 to 10.0) months. One patient died due to relapse at 18 months after auto-HSCT. The remaining 21 patients were all alive, including 19 patients with negative MRD. The other 2 patients achieved negative MRD after allogeneic HSCT or chemotherapy. The estimated 2-year survival, relapse, and Leukemia-free survival rates were 94.1 ± 5.7%, 14.7 ± 7.9% and 85.3 ± 7.9%, respectively. A CLAD-combination conditioning regimen is efficient and safe for auto-HSCT, indicating an effective approach for AML treatment.

Self-assembled wide bandgap nanocoatings enabled outstanding dielectric characteristics in the sandwich-like structure polymer composites.

Polymer dielectrics are insulators or energy storage materials widely used in electrical and electronic devices. Polymer dielectrics are needed with outstanding dielectric characteristics than current technologies. In this study, the self-assembly of boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs) was applied to form an inorganic-organic nanocoating on various common polymer dielectrics. It is inexpensive and easy to fabricate this thin coating on a large scale. The coating has a wide bandgap and thus can significantly improve the breakdown strength of polymer dielectrics. The charge characteristics and trapping parameters of nano-domains on the surfaces of polymer dielectrics were measured, and the coating had shallow trap levels. This facilitated the dissipation of surface charges and thus greatly increased the flashover voltage. The coating also effectively improved the temperature stability and dielectric constant of the polymer dielectric. This nanocoating shows potential as a method to effectively improve the dielectric characteristics of polymer dielectrics and outperform existing composite polymer dielectrics, which are crucial for large-scale applications in energy storage and power and electronic devices.

Qingyi decoction attenuates intestinal epithelial cell injury via the calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T-cells pathway.

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have demonstrated that dysfunction of the intestinal barrier is a significant contributing factor to the development of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). A stable intestinal mucosa barrier functions as a major anatomic and functional barrier, owing to the balance between intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) proliferation and apoptosis. There is some evidence that calcium overload may trigger IEC apoptosis and that calcineurin (CaN)/nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) signaling might play an important role in calcium-mediated apoptosis. AIM: To investigate the potential mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effect of Qingyi decoction (QYD) in SAP. METHODS: A rat model of SAP was created via retrograde infusion of sodium deoxycholate. Serum levels of amylase, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, D-lactic acid, and diamine oxidase (DAO); histological changes; and apoptosis of IECs were examined in rats with or without QYD treatment. The expression of the two subunits of CaN and NFAT in intestinal tissue was measured via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. For in vitro studies, Caco-2 cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and QYD serum, and then cell viability and intracellular calcium levels were detected. RESULTS: Retrograde infusion of sodium deoxycholate increased the severity of pancreatic and intestinal pathology and the levels of serum amylase, TNF-α, and IL-6. Both the indicators of intestinal mucosa damage (D-lactic acid and DAO) and the levels of IEC apoptosis were elevated in the SAP group. QYD treatment reduced the serum levels of amylase, TNF-α, IL-6, D-lactic acid, and DAO and attenuated the histological findings. IEC apoptosis associated with SAP was ameliorated under QYD treatment. In addition, the protein expression levels of the two subunits of CaN were remarkably elevated in the SAP group, and the NFATc3 gene was significantly upregulated at both the transcript and protein levels in the SAP group compared with the control group. QYD significantly restrained CaN and NFATc3 gene expression in the intestine, which was upregulated in the SAP group. Furthermore, QYD serum significantly decreased the LPS-induced elevation in intracellular free Ca2+ levels and inhibited cell death. CONCLUSION: QYD can exert protective effects against intestinal mucosa damage caused by SAP and the protective effects are mediated, at least partially, by restraining IEC apoptosis via the CaN/NFATc3 pathway.

Artificial intelligence: Emerging player in the diagnosis and treatment of digestive disease.

Given the breakthroughs in key technologies, such as image recognition, deep learning and neural networks, artificial intelligence (AI) continues to be increasingly developed, leading to closer and deeper integration with an increasingly data-, knowledge- and brain labor-intensive medical industry. As society continues to advance and individuals become more aware of their health needs, the problems associated with the aging of the population are receiving increasing attention, and there is an urgent demand for improving medical technology, prolonging human life and enhancing health. Digestive system diseases are the most common clinical diseases and are characterized by complex clinical manifestations and a general lack of obvious symptoms in the early stage. Such diseases are very difficult to diagnose and treat. In recent years, the incidence of diseases of the digestive system has increased. As AI applications in the field of health care continue to be developed, AI has begun playing an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the digestive system. In this paper, the application of AI in assisted diagnosis and the application and prospects of AI in malignant and benign digestive system diseases are reviewed.

Comparison of the gut microbiota of short-term and long-term medical workers and non-medical controls: a cross-sectional analysis.

OBJECTIVES: The hospital environment has been implicated in the enrichment and exchange of pathogens and antibiotic resistance, but its potential in shaping the symbiotic microbial community of hospital staff is unclear. This study was designed to evaluate the alteration of the gut microbiome in medical workers compared to non-medical controls. METHODS: A prospective cross-sectional cohort study was conducted in the intensive care unit (ICU) and other departments of a centre in north-eastern China. Faecal samples of 175 healthy medical workers-short-term (1-3 months) workers (n = 80) and long-term (>1 year) workers (n = 95)-and 80 healthy non-medical controls were analysed using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. The hospital environmental samples (n = 9) were also analysed. RESULTS: The gut microbiomes of medical workers exhibited marked deviations in diversity and alteration in microbial composition and function. Short-term workers showed significantly higher abundances of taxa such as Lactobacillus, Butyrivibrio, Clostridiaceae, Clostridium, Ruminococcus, Dialister, Bifidobacterium, Odoribacter, and Desulfovibrio and lower abundances of Bacteroides and Blautia than the controls. Long-term workers showed higher abundances of taxa such as Dialister, Veillonella, Clostridiaceae, Clostridium, Bilophila, Desulfovibrio, Pseudomonas, and Akkermansia and lower abundances of Bacteroides and Coprococcus than the controls. The medical workers' department (ICU versus non-ICU) and position (resident doctor versus nursing staff) also impacted their gut microbiome. Compared with the non-ICU workers, workers in the ICU showed a significant increase in the abundances of Dialister, Enterobacteriaceae, Phascolarctobacterium, Pseudomonas, Veillonella, and Streptococcus and a marked depletion of Faecalibacterium, Blautia, and Coprococcus. In contrast with the nursing staff, the resident doctors showed a significant increase in Erysipelotrichaceae and Clostridium and a decrease in Bacteroides, Blautia, and Ruminococcus in the gut microbiome. Moreover, we found that the microbiota of hospital environments potentially correlated with the workers' gut microbiota. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrated structural changes in the gut microbial community of medical workers.

A single-electron tunneling model: a theoretical analysis of a metal nanoparticle-doped epoxy resin to suppress surface charge accumulation on insulators subjected to DC voltages.

In high-voltage direct current transmission systems, charges accumulate at the gas-solid interface, distorting the local field strength, causing a reduction in the flashover voltage, and threatening the safe and reliable operation of the power system. The latest research has found that doping metal nanoparticles into an epoxy resin effectively suppresses the surface charge accumulation on insulators and improves their flashover voltage. This paper further analyzes the microscopic mechanism of this phenomenon, establishes a single-electron tunneling mode, and draws two conclusions: when there is no agglomeration of the doped nanoparticles, a higher doping concentration can be achieved, which provides a better insulative performance. The optimal metal nanoparticle radius is several to tens of nanometers. This work provides theoretical guidance for the future improvement of insulating materials through metal nanoparticle doping and has good prospects in engineering applications.

Metal nanoparticle-doped epoxy resin to suppress surface charge accumulation on insulators under DC voltage.

In high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission systems, electric charge accumulates on insulator surfaces, causing surface electric field distortion and flashover voltage reduction. Therefore, studying a material that can improve the insulator surface insulation strength is of great engineering value. In this work, several types of metal nanoparticles with different particle sizes and concentrations are doped into epoxy resin. The experimental phenomena enables some interesting conclusions: when no agglomeration of doped nanoparticles occurs, a higher doping concentration provides a better insulation performance. The larger the doping particle size is, the lower the insulation performance. Additionally, under the same conditions, different types of metal nanoparticles lead to slightly different results after doping. Especially after doping with low concentration (approximately 120 parts per million (ppm)) and small particle size (approximately 10 nm) nanocopper particles, the insulator surface charge accumulation was effectively suppressed, and the flashover voltage was significantly improved. Our analysis suggests that it may be related to the single-electron tunneling phenomenon. Relevant results provide a new way to improve the surface insulation strength of insulators in the future.

Multifunctional neuron-specific enolase: its role in lung diseases.

Neuron-specific enolase (NSE), also known as gamma (γ) enolase or enolase-2 (Eno2), is a form of glycolytic enolase isozyme and is considered a multifunctional protein. NSE is mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of neurons and neuroendocrine cells, especially in those of the amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation (APUD) lineage such as pituitary, thyroid, pancreas, intestine and lung. In addition to its well-established glycolysis function in the cytoplasm, changes in cell localization and differential expression of NSE are also associated with several pathologies such as infection, inflammation, autoimmune diseases and cancer. This article mainly discusses the role and diagnostic potential of NSE in some lung diseases.

Qingyi Decoction amerliorates acute biliary pancreatitis by targeting Gpbar1/NF-kb pathway.

Acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP) is a potentially life-threatening disease that is induced by the common bile duct (CBD) sludge or stones. This study aimed to investigate protective effects of Qingyi Decoction (QYT) on deoxycholic-acid-sodium salt (DCA) induced ABP in rats. Gpbar1 is a G-protein coupled receptor that can be activated by DCA. Both Gpbar1 overexpression vector and Gpbar1 RNAi were constructed and transfected into ABP cell models. Functional assays reveal that DCA significantly induced AR42J apoptosis and triggered Gpbar1 expression. Gpbar1 significantly activated caspase 8 and caspase 9 as compared to LV5-NC and LV3-NC (p<0.05). Gpbar1 significantly triggered apoptosis associated inflammatory factors as compared to LV5-NC and LV3-NC (p<0.05). Gpbar1 significantly induced calcium flux as compared to LV5-NC and LV3-NC (p<0.05). Gpbar1 up-regulated caspases and inflammatory factors in DCA treated pancreatic acinar cells. QYT reversed DCA induced apoptosis and inflammatory response. QYT significantly reduced Gpbar1 levels compared to no-QTY treated cells (p<0.05). In conclusion, QYT protects against DCA induced pancreatic acinar cell damage in ABP by inhibiting Gpbar1/NF-kB/p-RIP signaling pathway.

Therapeutic effect of a temporary transpyloric stent in refractory post-surgical gastroparesis: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Gastroparesis is a syndrome characterized by delayed gastric emptying with associated symptoms. It was reported that the symptoms of diabetic gastroparesis had been greatly improved by transpyloric stent placement. However, the use of stents in benign conditions is considered to be contraindicated because of the increasing risk of complications, such as stent migration, reflux, perforation, bleeding, and, most importantly, new strictures caused by stent-induced tissue hyperplasia. While temporary placement of a self-expanding metallic stent (SEMC) can drastically reduce the risk of complications, few reports are available on the treatment of refractory PSG by temporary transpyloric stent. Does it have a long-term clinical effect after the stent being retrieved? CASE PRESENTATION: After accepting partial resection of the lesser curvature in another hospital, a patient developed refractory gastroparesis. The symptoms hadn't been improved after long-term drug therapy and balloon dilation therapy. Four months after surgery, a fully covered SEMC was placed by endoscopy in our hospital. Gastroparesis had been greatly improved. Two weeks later, the transpyloric stent was retrieved and the patient didn't show recurrent symptoms. Follow-ups were arranged at 3 months, 6 months and 1 year respectively, and there was no evidence of recurrence was found. CONCLUSIONS: This case indicates that temporary transpyloric SEMC is a safe, effective and less invasive alternative for post-surgical gastroparesis patients.

Protective Effects of Emodin-Induced Neutrophil Apoptosis via the Ca2+-Caspase 12 Pathway against SIRS in Rats with Severe Acute Pancreatitis.

Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) results in high mortality. This is partly because of early multiple organ dysfunction syndromes that are usually caused by systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Many studies have reported the beneficial effects of emodin against SAP with SIRS. However, the exact mechanism underlying the effect of emodin remains unclear. This study was designed to explore the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of emodin against SIRS in rats with SAP. In the present study, cytosolic Ca2+ levels, calpain 1 activity, and the expression levels of the active fragments of caspases 12 and 3 decreased in neutrophils from rats with SAP and increased after treatment with emodin. Delayed neutrophil apoptosis occurred in rats with SAP and emodin was able to reverse this delayed apoptosis and inhibit SIRS. The effect of emodin on calpain 1 activity, the expression levels of the active fragments of caspases 12 and 3, neutrophil apoptosis, and SIRS scores were attenuated by PD150606 (an inhibitor of calpain). These results suggest that emodin inhibits SIRS in rats with SAP by inducing circulating neutrophil apoptosis via the Ca2+-calpain 1-caspase 12-caspase 3 signaling pathway.

Therapeutic effect of Qingyi decoction in severe acute pancreatitis-induced intestinal barrier injury.

AIM: To investigate the effect of Qingyi decoction on the expression of secreted phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) in intestinal barrier injury. METHODS: Fifty healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control, severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), Qingyi decoction-treated (QYT), dexamethasone-treated (DEX), and verapamil-treated (VER) groups. The SAP model was induced by retrograde infusion of 1.5% sodium deoxycholate into the biliopancreatic duct of the rats. All rats were sacrificed 24 h post-SAP induction. Arterial blood, intestine, and pancreas from each rat were harvested for investigations. The levels of serum amylase (AMY) and diamine oxidase (DAO) were determined using biochemical methods, and serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α level was measured by an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Pathologic changes in the harvested tissues were investigated by microscopic examination of hematoxylin and eosin-stained tissue sections. The expressions of sPLA2 at mRNA and protein levels were detected by reverse transcriptase PCR and Western blot, respectively. A terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling assay was used to investigate apoptosis of epithelial cells in the intestinal tissues. RESULTS: Compared to the control group, the expression of sPLA2 at both the mRNA and protein levels increased significantly in the SAP group (0.36 ± 0.13 vs 0.90 ± 0.38, and 0.16 ± 0.05 vs 0.64 ± 0.05, respectively; Ps < 0.01). The levels of AMY, TNF-α and DAO in serum were also significantly increased (917 ± 62 U/L vs 6870 ± 810 U/L, 59.7 ± 14.3 ng/L vs 180.5 ± 20.1 ng/L, and 10.37 ± 2.44 U/L vs 37.89 ± 5.86 U/L, respectively; Ps < 0.01). The apoptosis index of intestinal epithelial cells also differed significantly between the SAP and control rats (0.05 ± 0.02 vs 0.26 ± 0.06; P < 0.01). The serum levels of DAO and TNF-α, and the intestinal apoptosis index significantly correlated with sPLA2 expression in the intestine (r = 0.895, 0.893 and 0.926, respectively; Ps < 0.05). The levels of sPLA2, AMY, TNF-α, and DAO in the QYT, VER, and DEX groups were all decreased compared with the SAP group, but not the control group. Qingyi decoction intervention, however, gave the most therapeutic effect against intestinal barrier damage, although the onset of its therapeutic effect was slower. CONCLUSION: Qingyi decoction ameliorates acute pancreatitis-induced intestinal barrier injury by inhibiting the overexpression of intestinal sPLA2. This mechanism may be similar to that of verapamil.

Effects of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and matrix metalloproteinase-9 on alveolar-capillary barrier disruption and lung edema in rat models of severe acute pancreatitis-associated lung injury.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) on alveolar-capillary barrier disruption and lung edema in rat models of severe acute pancreatitis-associated lung injury (PALI). A total of 40 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a sham surgery group (n=10) and three PALI groups, in which acute pancreatitis was induced by the retrograde infusion of 5% sodium taurocholate (1 ml/kg). The PALI groups were as follows: i) Untreated PALI group (n=10); ii) 2-methoxyestradiol (2ME2) group (5 mg/kg body mass; n=10); and iii) 2ME2 group (15 mg/kg body mass; n=10). In the two 2ME2 groups, the HIF-1α inhibitor 2ME2 was administered intraperitoneally 1 h after the induction of AP. The severity of the pancreatitis was evaluated by the serum amylase levels and pathology. The severity of the lung injury was evaluated by the wet/dry ratio, blood gas analysis and pathology. The alveolar-capillary barrier disruption was assessed by Evans blue dye extravasation. The protein and mRNA expression levels of HIF-1α and MMP-9 were studied using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), western blot analysis and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The active tumor necrosis factor-α levels were measured using an ELISA. The HIF-1α inhibitor 2ME2 attenuated the severity of the pancreatitis and PALI, while the lung edema and alveolar-capillary barrier disruption were significantly ameliorated compared with those in the untreated PALI group. Administration of the higher dose of 2ME2 significantly suppressed the protein expression of MMP-9 in the lung tissues. The results indicate that HIF-1α has a major function in alveolar-capillary barrier disruption and lung edema in PALI via a molecular pathway cascade involving MMP-9. Inhibition of HIF-1α by 2ME2 attenuates alveolar-capillary barrier disruption and lung edema. Pharmacological blockade of this pathway in patients with PALI may provide a novel therapeutic strategy.

[Experimental study on spectra of compressed air microwave plasma].

Using a microwave plasma generator, compressed air microwave plasma was excited under 1 - 5 atm pressures. Under different pressures and different incident microwave power, the emission spectra of compressed air microwave plasma were studied with a spectra measuring system. The results show that continuum is significant at atmospheric pressure and the characteristic will be weakened as the pressure increases. The band spectra intensity will be reduced with the falling of the incident microwave power and the band spectra were still significant. The experimental results are valuable to studying the characteristics of compressed air microwave plasma and the generating conditions of NO active groups.

[Influence of indium net position on 253.7 nm resonance spectra line of electrodeless discharge lamps].

As a kind of new electric light source, electrodeless discharge lamps (EDL) are based on high-frequency electromagnetic induction and nonpolar gas discharge. Visible light is emitted as a result of Hg 253.7 nm resonance spectrum line inspiring phosphor. The influence of indium net position on the Hg 253. 7 nm resonance spectral line was studied experimentally by atomic emission spectral analysis. It was found that the relative intensity of Hg 253.7 nm resonance spectral line is strongest when the indium net is located at both ends of coupling coil, weaker at middle and weakest when far away from coupling coil. It was inferred that there is an optimum indium net position for EDL, and the corresponding lighting effect is maximal. The results were qualitatively analyzed from the standpoint of gas discharge theory, combined with the finite element simulation of Maxwell 3D, which has instructive value for pattern design and parametric optimization of EDL.

[Influence of cold spot temperature on 253.7 nm resonance spectra line of electrodeless discharge lamps].

As a kind of new electric light source, electrodeless discharge lamps are of long life, low mercury and non-stroboscopic light. The lighting effect of electrodeless discharge lamps depends on the radiation efficiency of 253.7 nm resonance spectra line to a large extent. The influence of cold temperature on 253.7 nm resonance spectra line has been studied experimentally by atomic emission spectral analysis. It was found that the radiation efficiency of 253.7 nm resonance spectra line is distributed in a nearly normal fashion with the variation of cold spot temperature, in other words, there is an optimum cold spot temperature for an electrodeless discharge lamp. At last, the results of experiments were analyzed through gas discharge theory, which offers guidance to the improvement of lighting effect for electrodeless discharge lamps.

[Role of IFN-γ + 874 genetic polymorphisms in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the impact of IFN-γ + 874 polymorphisms on the outcome in HLA matched sibling HSCT. METHODS: We used PCR-sequence-specific primer analysis (PCR-SSP) to analyze the polymorphisms of IFN-γ + 874 T/A in 80 recipient and donor pairs from October 2005 to March 2008. RESULTS: Recipients having donors who possessed IFN-γ + 874 A/A genotype had significantly earlier neutrophil recovery compared with those having donors with non-A/A genotype (15 (11 - 27) days vs 18 (12 - 30) days, P = 0.029). And IFN-γ + 874 A/A in both recipients and donors further facilitated neutrophil recovery compared with others (13 (11 - 25) days and 19 (12 - 31) days, P = 0.019). Besides, IFN-γ + 874 A/A in recipients increased the probability of grade II-IV acute graft versus disease (aGVHD) and cytomegalovirus viraemia compared with IFN-γ + 874 T/A or T/T genotype (20% vs 4% P = 0.041, 43.6% vs 16.0% P = 0.032), which lead to increased 5-year transplant-related mortality (TRM) (33.7% ± 6.8% vs 12.0% ± 6.5%, P = 0.050) and decreased 5-year event free survival (EFS) \[(58.2 ± 6.7)% vs (84.0 ± 7.3)%, P = 0.032\] compared with the latter. IFN-γ + 874 A/A in both recipients and donors also significantly increased the probability of grade II-IV aGVHD and cytomegalovirus viraemia compared with the other (21.7% vs 5.9%, P = 0.050; 45.7% vs 20.6%, P = 0.020), which caused increased 5-year TRM \[(31.6 ± 7.5)% vs (13.6 ± 6.5)%, P = 0.048\] and decreased 5-year EFS \[(56.8 ± 7.3)% vs (79.4 ± 6.9)%, P = 0.037\] compared with the other. CONCLUSION: In HLA-matched sibling HSCT setting, the presence of IFN-γ + 874 T allele in recipients or in both recipients and donors significantly decreased the risk of grade II-IV aGVHD and CMV infection and increased EFS. While IFN-γ + 874 A/A in donors or in both recipients and donors was associated with shorter duration to neutrophil recovery.

[Study on the distribution of plasma parameters in electrodeless lamp using emission spectrometry].

Electrodeless lamp in pear shape was ignited using inductively coupled discharge setup and Ar-Hg mixtures as working gas. The changes in electronic temperature and density with axial and radial positions at 5 s of igniting were studied by means of emission spectrometry. The changes in electronic temperature were obtained according to the Ar line intensity ratio of 425.9 nm/ 750.4 nm. And the variations in electronic density were analyzed using 750.4 nm line intensity. It was found that plasma electronic temperature and density is various at different axial or radial positions. The electronic temperatures first increase, then decrease, and then increase quickly, and finally decline. While the electronic density firstly increase quickly, the decrease, and then rise slowly and finally decline again with axial distance increasing. With radial distance increasing, electronic temperature increases to a stable area, then continues to rise, while electronic density decreases.

[Influence of inhibitory KappaB protein kinase alpha and gamma genes silencing induced by RNA interference on nuclear factor-KappaB signal pathway].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of inhibitory KappaB (IKappaB) protein kinase (IKK) alpha and gamma genes silencing induced by RNA interference (RNAi) in modulation of nuclear factor-KappaB (NF-KappaB) signal pathway, to elucidate further the regulatory mechanism of NF-KappaB gene. METHODS: IKKalpha and IKKgamma targeting small interference RNA (siRNA) were designed to synthesize complementary oligonucleotide chains, then it was transfected into mouse macrophage cell line RAW264.7. The transfected cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 10 microg/ml), then the expression of IKKalpha and IKKgamma genes, the nuclear translocation changes in NF-KappaB p65 and p50 proteins, and the expression of precursor protein NF-KappaB p105 were detected at selected time points. RESULTS: It was shown that RNAi targeting IKKalpha and IKKgamma could down-regulate the expression of IKKalpha and IKKgamma genes, and at the same time, down-regulate the expression of NF-KappaB p65, p50 and p105 proteins both in cytoplasm and nucleus, and inhibit the nuclear translocation of NF-KappaB p65, p50 and p105 proteins. CONCLUSION: These findings provide evidence for the involvement of the two protein kinases IKKalpha and IKKgamma in the modulation of NF-KappaB signal pathway, not only they can inhibit the ubiquitin of protein and histone phosphorylation respectively, but also can redeem the functional impairment of the inflammation signal pathway induced by over inhibition of some proteins, through synergistic action of the two kinases.