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Photocatalyst-activated peroxymonosulfate (PMS) degradation of pollutants is already widely used for wastewater treatment under visible light. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is widely used in daily life, but waste plastics have an irreversible negative impact on the environment. In this paper, the ZIF-67/g-C3N4 S-scheme heterojunction catalyst was synthesized as a photocatalyst to achieve a good effect on PET degradation in coordination with PMS. The results indicated that PET could be degraded up to 60.63 ± 2.12 % under the combined effect of catalyst, PMS, and light. In this experiment, the influence of catalyst-to-plastic ratio, PMS concentration, aqueous pH, and inorganic anions on plastic degradation by the photocatalytic synergistic PMS system was discussed, and the excellent performance of this system for degrading PET was highlighted through a comparative test. Electron spin resonance (ESR) and free radical quenching experiments demonstrated that SO4â¢- contributes the largest amount to the PET degradation performance. Furthermore, results from gas chromatography and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) indicated that the plastic degradation products include CO, CH4, and organic small-molecule liquid fuels. Finally, a possible mechanism for the light/PMS system to degrade PET in water was suggested. This paper provides a feasible solution to treat waste microplastics in water.
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By conducting a two-dimensional experimental study, this paper aims to enhance the understanding of the mechanism of sand convective motions in the vicinity of a wall subjected to long-term cyclic lateral loadings. The experimental tests were conducted in a rectangular sandbox with a transparent front-wall, through which the process of sand particle motions could be recorded by using a high-resolution digital camera. The images were processed with a high time-resolved PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) system. Based on the experimental data, this work (1) presents the sand flow field in the convective zones; (2) provides means to describe the convection mechanism; (3) proposes the relationships between the loading conditions and dimensions of the region with intense sand movement; and (4) elaborates the similarity of the sand flow velocity structure within the sand convective zones.
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Nitrate (NO3-) has been identified as a key component of particulate matter (PM2.5) in China. However, there is still a lack of understanding regarding its sources and how it forms, especially in the context of high-frequency and long-term data. In this study, NO3- levels were observed on an hourly basis over an almost three-year period at an urban site in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region, China, from January 2019 to December 2021. The results reveal an average daily NO3- concentration ranging from 0.08 µg m-3 to 61.69 µg m-3, constituting 11.9 ± 12.5 % of PM2.5. This percentage rose to as high as 57 % during pollution episodes, highlighting NO3-'s significant role in pollution formation. The ammonia-rich environment was found to be the most important factor in promoting NO3- formation. Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) analysis indicates that the primary sources of NO3- in the PRD region were vehicle emissions (43.8 ± 21.2 %) and coal combustion (39.1 ± 21.5 %), with shipping emissions, sea salt, soil dust and industrial emissions + biomass burning following in importance. Regarding source areas, the primary contributor of vehicle emissions was predominantly from the PRD region, whereas the coal combustion, aside from local contributions, also originates from the northern region. From a long-term perspective, NO3- pollution has remained relatively stable since the summer of 2020. Concurrently, coal combustion source has shown a localization trend. These insights derived from the extensive, high-frequency observation presented in this study serve as a valuable reference for devising strategies to control NO3- and PM2.5 in the PRD region and China.
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Three-dimensional (3D) macroscopic aerogels have emerged as a critical component in the realm of photocatalysis. Maximizing the integration of materials can result in enhanced efficiency and selectivity in photocatalytic processes. In this investigation, we fabricated MOF-808/reduced graphene oxide (RGO) 3D macroscopic aerogel composite materials employing the techniques of hydrothermal synthesis and freeze-drying. The results revealed that the macroscopic aerogel material exhibited the highest performance in CO2 reduction to CO, particularly when the concentration of RGO was maintained at 5 mg mL-1. In addition, we synthesized powder materials of MR-5 composite photocatalysts and conducted a comparative analysis in terms of photocatalytic CO2 reduction performance and electron transfer efficiency. The results showthat the macroscopic aerogel material boasts a high specific surface area, an abundant internal pore structure, and increased active sites. These attributes collectively enhance light energy utilization, and electron transfer rates, thereby, improving photothermal and photoelectric conversion efficiencies. Furthermore, we conducted in-situ FT-IR measurements and found that the M/R-5 aerogel exhibited the best CO2 adsorption capacity under a CO2 flow rate of 10 mL min-1. The density functional theory results demonstrate the correlation between the formation pathway of the product and the charge transfer pathway. This study provides useful ideas for realizing photocatalytic CO2 reduction of macroscopic aerogel materials in gas-solid reaction mode.
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OBJECTIVES: Polymyxins are currently the last-resort treatment against multi-drug resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections, but plasmid-mediated mobile polymyxin resistance genes (mcr) threaten its efficacy, especially in carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae complex (CRECC). The objective of this study was to provide insights into the mechanism of polymyxin-induced bacterial resistance and the effect of overexpression of mcr-9. METHODS: The clinical strain CRECC414 carrying the mcr-9 gene was treated with a gradient concentration of polymyxin. Subsequently, the broth microdilution was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and RT-qPCR was utilized to assess mcr-9 expression. Transcriptome sequencing and whole genome sequencing (WGS) was utilized to identify alterations in strains resulting from increased polymyxin resistance, and significant transcriptomic differences were analysed alongside a comprehensive examination of metabolic networks at the genomic level. RESULTS: Polymyxin treatment induced the upregulation of mcr-9 expression and significantly elevated the MIC of the strain. Furthermore, the WGS and transcriptomic results revealed a remarkable up-regulation of arnBCADTEF gene cassette, indicating that the Arn/PhoPQ system-mediated L-Ara4N modification is the preferred mechanism for achieving high levels of resistance. Additionally, significant alterations in bacterial gene expression were observed with regards to multidrug efflux pumps, oxidative stress and repair mechanisms, cell membrane biosynthesis, as well as carbohydrate metabolic pathways. CONCLUSION: Polymyxin greatly disrupts the transcription of vital cellular pathways. A complete PhoPQ two-component system is a prerequisite for polymyxin resistance of Enterobacter cloacae, even though mcr-9 is highly expressed. These findings provide novel and important information for further investigation of polymyxin resistance of CRECC.
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Antibacterianos , Enterobacteriáceas Resistentes a Carbapenêmicos , Enterobacter cloacae , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Polimixinas , Polimixinas/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Enterobacter cloacae/efeitos dos fármacos , Enterobacter cloacae/genética , Enterobacteriáceas Resistentes a Carbapenêmicos/genética , Enterobacteriáceas Resistentes a Carbapenêmicos/efeitos dos fármacos , Enterobacteriáceas Resistentes a Carbapenêmicos/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Sequenciamento Completo do Genoma , Regulação Bacteriana da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Infecções por Enterobacteriaceae/microbiologia , Carbapenêmicos/farmacologia , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana Múltipla/genética , TranscriptomaRESUMO
PURPOSE: Enterobacteriaceae carrying mcr-9, in particularly those also co-containing metallo-ß-lactamase (MBL) and TEM type ß-lactamase, present potential transmission risks and lack adequate clinical response methods, thereby posing a major threat to global public health. The aim of this study was to assess the antimicrobial efficacy of a combined ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA) and aztreonam (ATM) regimen against carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae complex (CRECC) co-producing mcr-9, MBL and TEM. METHODS: The in vitro antibacterial activity of CZA plus ATM was evaluated using a time-kill curve assay. Furthermore, the in vivo interaction between CZA plus ATM was confirmed using a Galleria mellonella (G. mellonella) infection model. RESULTS: All eight clinical strains of CRECC, co-carrying mcr-9, MBL and TEM, exhibited high resistance to CZA and ATM. In vitro time-kill curve analysis demonstrated that the combination therapy of CZA + ATM exerted significant bactericidal activity against mcr-9, MBL and TEM-co-producing Enterobacter cloacae complex (ECC) isolates with a 100% synergy rate observed in our study. Furthermore, in vivo survival assay using Galleria mellonella larvae infected with CRECC strains co-harboring mcr-9, MBL and TEM revealed that the CZA + ATM combination significantly improved the survival rate compared to the drug-treatment alone and untreated control groups. CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this study represents the first report on the in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity of CZA plus ATM against CRECC isolates co-harboring mcr-9, MBL and TEM. Our findings suggest that the combination regimen of CZA + ATM provides a valuable reference for clinicians to address the increasingly complex antibiotic resistance situation observed in clinical microorganisms.
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Antibacterianos , Compostos Azabicíclicos , Aztreonam , Ceftazidima , Combinação de Medicamentos , Enterobacter cloacae , Infecções por Enterobacteriaceae , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , beta-Lactamases , Aztreonam/farmacologia , Aztreonam/uso terapêutico , Compostos Azabicíclicos/farmacologia , Compostos Azabicíclicos/uso terapêutico , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Infecções por Enterobacteriaceae/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Enterobacteriaceae/microbiologia , Animais , Enterobacter cloacae/efeitos dos fármacos , Enterobacter cloacae/genética , Ceftazidima/farmacologia , Ceftazidima/uso terapêutico , Humanos , beta-Lactamases/metabolismo , beta-Lactamases/genética , Enterobacteriáceas Resistentes a Carbapenêmicos/efeitos dos fármacos , Enterobacteriáceas Resistentes a Carbapenêmicos/genética , Quimioterapia Combinada , Mariposas/microbiologia , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana Múltipla/genética , Modelos Animais de DoençasRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To identify the demographic characteristics and potential risk factors of invasive fungal sinusitis (IFS) patients with Coronavirus Disease in 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS: Web of Science, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and PubMed were searched from database inception to August 2023 using the combination of medical searching heading terms "invasive fungal sinusitis" and "COVID-19" and their free words. The research protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023467175). RESULTS: A total of 53 studies were included. The mean age of IFS patients with COVID-19 was 53.72 (95% credible interval [CI]: 51.08, 56.36), with 66% males (95% CI: 0.62, 0.70), and 81% diabetes (95% CI: 0.77, 0.86). The mean time from COVID-19 diagnosis to IFS onset was 19.09 days (95% CI: 16.96, 21.22). The percentage of patients with COVID-19 PCR positivity was 33% (95% CI: 0.21, 0.45). Overall, 71% of patients receiving steroid therapy during COVID-19 infection (95% CI: 0.63, 0.78). The odds ratio of diabetes mellitus, steroid administration, and COVID-19 PCR positivity were 6.09, 2.21, and 1.82, respectively. COVID-19 infection did not affect the IFS stage. CONCLUSION: IFS patients with COVID-19 had an average age of 53.72 years and were predominantly males, with a mean interval of 19.09 days from COVID-19 diagnosis to IFS onset. Diabetes, steroid administration, and COVID-19 PCR positivity were risk factors.
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COVID-19 , SARS-CoV-2 , Sinusite , Humanos , COVID-19/complicações , COVID-19/epidemiologia , COVID-19/diagnóstico , Fatores de Risco , Sinusite/microbiologia , Sinusite/epidemiologia , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infecções Fúngicas Invasivas/epidemiologia , Infecções Fúngicas Invasivas/diagnóstico , Infecções Fúngicas Invasivas/tratamento farmacológico , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiologiaRESUMO
PtS2, a member of the group 10 transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), has received extensive attention because of its excellent electrical properties and air stability. However, there are few reports on the preparation of single-crystal PtS2 in the literature, and the growth mechanism of single crystal PtS2 is not well elucidated. In this work, we proposed a method of preparation that combines magnetron sputtering and chemical vapor transport to obtain monocrystalline PtS2 on a SiO2/Si substrate. By controlling the growth temperature and time, we have synthesized a single crystalline PtS2 of hexagonal shape and size of 1-2 µm on a silicon substrate. Combining the molecular dynamics simulation, the growth mechanism of single crystal PtS2 was investigated both experimentally and theoretically. The synthesis method has a short production cycle and low cost, which opens the door for the fabrication of other TMDs single crystals.
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Isolates coproducing serine/metallo-carbapenems are a serious emerging public health threat, given their rapid dissemination and the limited number of treatment options. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activity of novel ß-lactam-ß-lactamase inhibitor combinations (BLBLIs) against carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) coproducing metallo-ß-lactamase and serine-ß-lactamase, and to explore their effects in combination with aztreonam, meropenem, or polymyxin in order to identify the best therapeutic options. Four CRKP isolates coproducing K. pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) and New Delhi metallo-ß-lactamase (NDM) were selected, and a microdilution broth method was used to determine their susceptibility to antibiotics. Time-kill assay was used to detect the bactericidal effects of the combinations of antibiotics. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for imipenem and meropenem in three isolates did not decrease after the addition of relebactam or varbobactam, but the addition of avibactam to aztreonam reduced the MIC by more than 64-fold. Time-kill assay demonstrated that imipenem-cilastatin/relebactam (ICR) alone exerted a bacteriostatic effect against three isolates (average reduction: 1.88 log10 CFU/mL) and ICR combined with aztreonam exerted an additive effect. Aztreonam combined with meropenem/varbobactam (MEV) or ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA) showed synergistic effects, while the effect of aztreonam combined with CZA was inferior to that of MEV. Compared with the same concentration of aztreonam plus CZA combination, aztreonam/avibactam had a better bactericidal effect (24 h bacterial count reduction >3 log10CFU/mL). These data indicate that the combination of ATM with several new BLBLIs exerts powerful bactericidal activity, which suggests that these double ß-lactam combinations might provide potential alternative treatments for infections caused by pathogens coproducing-serine/metallo-carbapenems.
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This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of a combined virtual surgical planning (VPS) and short-segment drilling guides (SSDGs) workflow for the treatment of complex mandibular fractures. Consecutive patients with complex mandibular fractures underwent treatment using the VPS and SSDGs workflow from August 2020 to April 2022. Various mandibular landmarks were compared between the preoperative virtual surgical plan and postoperative data, including condylar distance (CoD), mandibular angle width (GoL-GoR), GoMeGo angle (â GoL-Me-GoR), the difference in mandibular angles between the left and right sides (Δâ Co-Go-Me), and the difference in length between the left and right mandibular body (ΔGo-Me). Additionally, preoperative preparation time and surgical duration were retrospectively analyzed and compared to conventional surgery. All 14 consecutive patients with complex mandibular fractures achieved successful reduction using the VPS and SSDGs workflow. Three-dimensional comparison revealed a mean deviation distance of 0.91 ± 0.50 mm and a root-mean-square deviation of 1.75 ± 0.47 mm between the preoperative designed mandible model and the postoperative mandible model. The percentage of points with deviation distances less than 2 mm, 1 mm, and 0.5 mm between preoperative and postoperative models were 78.47 ± 8.87 %, 60.02 ± 14.28 %, and 38.64 ± 15.48 %, respectively. There were no significant differences observed in CoD, GoL-GoR, â GoL-Me-GoR, Δâ Co-Go-Me, and ΔGo-Me between preoperative virtual surgical planning and postoperative measurements. Furthermore, no significant differences were found in the injury-to-surgery interval, admission-to-surgery interval, and surgical duration between the workflow and conventional surgery. The combined VPS and SSDGs workflow proved to be an accurate and feasible method for treating complex mandibular fractures. It offers advantages such as minimal preoperative preparation time and the ability to precise transfer screw positions of the pre-bent reconstruction plate during surgery. This approach is particularly suitable for managing complex mandibular fractures.
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Fraturas Mandibulares , Reconstrução Mandibular , Cirurgia Assistida por Computador , Humanos , Fraturas Mandibulares/diagnóstico por imagem , Fraturas Mandibulares/cirurgia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Cirurgia Assistida por Computador/métodos , Mandíbula/cirurgia , Reconstrução Mandibular/métodosRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the nose characterized by barrier disruption and environmental susceptibility, and the deletion of ZNF365 may be a factor inducing these manifestations. However, there is no study on the mechanism of action between CRSwNP and ZNF365. Therefore, this study focuses on the effect of the zinc finger protein ZNF365 on the proliferation of nasal mucosal epithelial cells and their defense against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). METHODS: Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were applied to verify the changes of ZNF365 expression in nasal polyp tissues and control tissues, as well as in primary epithelial cells. ZNF365 was knocked down in human nasal mucosa epithelial cell line (HNEpc), and the proliferation, migration, and transdifferentiation of epithelium were observed by immunofluorescence, QPCR, CCK8, and cell scratch assay. The changes of mesenchymal markers and TLR4-MAPK-NF-κB pathway were also observed after the addition of S. aureus. RESULTS: ZNF365 expression was reduced in NP tissues and primary nasal mucosal epithelial cells compared to controls. Knockdown of ZNF365 in HNEpc resulted in decreased proliferation and migration ability of epithelial cells and abnormal epithelial differentiation (decreased expression of tight junction proteins). S. aureus stimulation further inhibited epithelial cell proliferation and migration, while elevated markers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and inflammatory responses occurred. CONCLUSION: ZNF365 is instrumental in maintaining the proliferative capacity of nasal mucosal epithelial cells and defending against the invasion of S. aureus. The findings suggest that ZNF365 may participate in the development of CRSwNP.
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Proliferação de Células , Mucosa Nasal , Staphylococcus aureus , Humanos , Linhagem Celular , Movimento Celular/genética , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/genética , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/metabolismo , Células Epiteliais/metabolismo , Células Epiteliais/imunologia , Mucosa Nasal/imunologia , Mucosa Nasal/microbiologia , Mucosa Nasal/metabolismo , Pólipos Nasais/imunologia , Pólipos Nasais/microbiologia , Rinite/imunologia , Rinite/microbiologia , Transdução de Sinais , Sinusite/imunologia , Sinusite/microbiologia , Infecções Estafilocócicas/imunologia , Staphylococcus aureus/imunologiaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is an immunologic disease, and pyroptosis, an inflammation-based cellular death, strictly modulates CRSwNP pathology, whereas the pyroptosis genes and mechanisms involved in CRSwNP remain unclear. Herein, we explored disease biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for pyroptosis and immune regulation in CRSwNP using bioinformatics analysis and tissue-based verification. METHODS: We retrieved the transcriptional profiles of the high-throughput dataset GSE136825 from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, as well as 170 pyroptosis-related gene expressions from GeneCards. Using R, we identified differentially expressed pyroptosis-related genes and examined the potential biological functions of the aforementioned genes using Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of the Genome pathway, immune infiltration, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analyses, thereby generating a list of hub genes. The hub genes were, in turn, verified using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and Western blotting (WB). Ultimately, using the StarBase and miRTarBase databases, we estimated the targeting microRNAs and long chain non-coding RNAs. RESULTS: We demonstrated that the identified pyroptosis-related genes primarily modulated bacterial defense activities, as well as inflammasome immune response and assembly. Moreover, they were intricately linked to neutrophil and macrophage infiltration. Furthermore, we validated the tissue contents of hub genes AIM2, NLPR6, and CASP5 and examined potential associations with clinical variables. We also developed a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) modulatory axis to examine possible underlying molecular mechanisms. CONCLUSION: We found AIM2, CASP5, and NLRP6, three hub genes for pyroptosis in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, by biological analysis, experimental validation, and clinical variable validation.
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Pólipos Nasais , Piroptose , Rinossinusite , Humanos , Doença Crônica , Biologia Computacional/métodos , Progressão da Doença , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Redes Reguladoras de Genes , MicroRNAs/genética , Pólipos Nasais/genética , Mapas de Interação de Proteínas , Piroptose/genética , Rinossinusite/genéticaRESUMO
Objective: This review aimed to analyze and compare the accuracy of eight screening tools for sarcopenia in older Chinese adults according to different diagnostic criteria. Methods: This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang databases were searched between the publication of the first expert consensus on sarcopenia in 2010 and April 2023 using relevant MeSH terms. We evaluated the risk bias of the included studies using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2) tool. The pooled result of sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and plot the summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC) were calculated by using a bivariate random-effects model. The accuracies of sensitivity and specificity of the screening tools were compared using the Z-test. Results: A total of 30 studies (23,193 participants) were included, except for calf circumference (CC), Ishii, and Finger-ring Test; Screening tools for sarcopenia in older Chinese adults have consistently shown low to moderate sensitivity and moderate to high specificity. Regional and sex differences affect the accuracy of the screening tools. In terms of sensitivity and specificity, the CC, Ishii, and Finger-ring Test were superior to the other screening tools. Conclusion: The Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 criteria are more appropriate for the diagnosis of sarcopenia in older Chinese adults. According to the AWGS 2019, CC and Ishii are recommended for sarcopenia screening in older Chinese adults.
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Programas de Rastreamento , Sarcopenia , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Humanos , Sarcopenia/diagnóstico , China , Idoso , Programas de Rastreamento/normas , Programas de Rastreamento/métodos , Masculino , Feminino , População do Leste AsiáticoRESUMO
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) are some of the most important pathogens causing infections, which can be challenging to treat. We identified four blaIMP-carrying CRE isolates and collected clinical data. The transferability and stability of the plasmid were verified by conjugation, successive passaging, and plasmid elimination assays. The IncC blaIMP-4-carrying pIMP4-ECL42 plasmid was successfully transferred into the recipient strain, and the high expression of traD may have facilitated the conjugation transfer of the plasmid. Interestingly, the plasmid showed strong stability in clinical isolates. Whole-genome sequencing was performed on all isolates. We assessed the sequence similarity of blaIMP -harboring plasmid from our institution and compared it to plasmids for which sequence data are publicly available. We found that four blaIMP-carrying CRE belonged to four different sequence types. The checkerboard technique and time-kill assays were used to investigate the best antimicrobial therapies for blaIMP-carrying CRE. The time-kill assay showed that the imipenem of 1× minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) alone had the bactericidal or bacteriostatic effect against IMP-producing strains at 4-12 h in vitro. Moreover, the combination of tigecycline (0.5/1/2 × MIC) and imipenem (0.5/1 × MIC) showed a bactericidal effect against the blaIMP-26-carrying CRECL60 strain.IMPORTANCECarbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) are an urgent public health threat, and infections caused by these microorganisms are often associated with high mortality and limited treatment options. This study aimed to determine the clinical features, molecular characteristics, and plasmid transmissible mechanisms of blaIMP carriage as well as to provide a potential treatment option. Here, we demonstrated that conjugated transfer of the IncC blaIMP-4-carrying plasmid promotes plasmid stability, so inhibition of conjugated transfer and enhanced plasmid loss may be potential ways to suppress the persistence of this plasmid. The imipenem alone or tigecycline-imipenem combination showed a good bactericidal effect against IMP-producing strains. In particular, our study revealed that imipenem alone or tigecycline-imipenem combination may be a potential therapeutic option for patients who are infected with IMP-producing strains. Our study supports further trials of appropriate antibiotics to determine optimal treatment and emphasizes the importance of continued monitoring of IMP-producing strains in the future.
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Proteínas de Bactérias , beta-Lactamases , Humanos , Tigeciclina , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , beta-Lactamases/genética , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Imipenem/farmacologia , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , PlasmídeosRESUMO
PURPOSE: To determine the impact of resistance training (RT) on phase angle (PhA) in middle-aged and older individuals via meta-analysis, explore effects in subgroups, and identify optimal RT protocol. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We searched five databases using predefined criteria, assessed literature quality per Cochrane 5.1 Handbook, and used Revman 5.3 for effect size aggregation, bias assessment, sensitivity analysis, and subgroup analysis. RESULTS: RT improved PhA in middle-aged and older individuals (d = 0.34, 95 % CI: 0.27-0.40, P < 0.05). Effective subgroups included Suspension (d = 0.62, 95 % CI: 0.33-0.90, P < 0.05), free-weights and machine (d = 0.36, 95 % CI: 0.28-0.45, P < 0.05), equipment training (d = 0.24, 95 % CI: 0.13-0.36, P < 0.05), and moderate-intensity RT (d = 0.34, 95 % CI: 0.27-0.42, P < 0.05). RT was conducted 2-3 times/week (d = 0.20, 95 % CI: 0.01-0.38, P < 0.05) or (d = 0.38, 95 % CI: 0.30-0.47, P < 0.05). PhA improved after 8 weeks (d = 0.37, 95 % CI: 0.23-0.51, P < 0.05), 12 weeks (d = 0.35, 95 % CI: 0.26-0.44, P < 0.05), and ≥ 24 weeks (d = 0.26, 95 % CI: 0.11-0.41, P < 0.05) of RT in aged and older individuals. Low- and high-intensity RT, elastic band training, and weekly exercises did not significantly improve PhA. CONCLUSIONS: RT enhances PhA in middle-aged and older adults. For optimal results, we recommend 2-3 weekly sessions of free weights and machine training lasting at least 8 weeks.
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Treinamento Resistido , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Treinamento Resistido/métodos , Força Muscular , Exercício FísicoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Several previous studies have shown that differential expression of cullin (CUL) family proteins may be involved in mediation of the signal transduction pathways associated with cancer. However, the function of CULs is still unclear in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). MATERIAL AND METHODS: We used The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, cBioPortal, Metascape, STRING, Cytoscape, Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER), Kaplan-Meier plotter, and Tumor Immune System Interaction Database (TISIDB) to access the expression of CULs and the possible correlation with the tumourigenesis, development, prognosis, immunity, and transcriptional level of CULs in HNSCC. Furthermore, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect messenger ribonucleid acid (mRNA) levels in HNSCC tissues and cell samples. We also explored the cell proliferation and migration separately by CCK8 assay and wound healing assay. RESULTS: The results showed that the expressions of CUL2/4A were upregulated and CUL9 was downregulated in HNSCC patients as compared with normal patients. CUL2/4A/9 were also linked to the clinicopathological features and overall survival of HNSCC in bioinformatics analysis. Moreover, we noticed that CUL2/4A/9 may take part in tumour-specific immune response by modulating the tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and immunomodulators. Lastly, we found that CUL2/4A/9 could promote cellular proliferation and migration. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the transcriptional levels of CUL2/4A/9 were upregulated and these genes could affect proliferation and migration of HNSCC cells. Therefore, CUL2/4A/9 could potentially function as novel independent biomarkers in HNSCC patients.
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Biologia Computacional , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço , Humanos , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeça e Pescoço/genética , Hiperplasia , Proliferação de Células , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/genética , Proteínas Culina/genéticaRESUMO
Step-scheme (S-scheme) heterojunctions can efficiently promote the separation of photogenerated carriers while maintaining the strong oxidation/reduction ability of photocatalysts; thus, research attention on S-scheme heterojunctions is increasing year by year. In this study, the S-scheme ZnO@ZnIn2S4 (ZnO@ZIS) heterojunction was prepared successfully. Then, electron spin resonance (ESR) characterization was applied to prove the successful construction of the S-scheme heterojunction. Photoluminescence (PL), time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL), and photoelectrochemical experiments have demonstrated efficient interfacial charge transport in ZnO@ZIS. Finally, the mechanism of CO2 activation and electron transport was investigated by in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and discrete Fourier transform (DFT) calculation analysis. The 40-ZnO@ZIS composite showed the best activity under light, and its CO and CH4 yields reached 39.76 and 3.92 µmolâg-1âh-1, respectively. This study provides a solution for optimizing the photocatalytic reduction activity of semiconductor photocatalysts by constructing S-scheme heterojunction materials to improve the CO2 reduction capacity.
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SLC2A3 is an important member of the glucose transporter superfamily. It has been recently suggested that upregulation of SLC2A3 is associated with poor survival and acts as a prognostic marker in a variety of tumors. Unfortunately, the prognostic role of SLC2A3 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) is less known. In the present study, we analyzed SLC2A3 expression in HNSC and its correlation with prognosis using TCGA and GEO databases. The results showed that SLC2A3 mRNA expression was higher in HNSC compared with adjacent normal tissues, which was validated with our 9 pairs of HNSC specimens. Moreover, high SLC2A3 expression predicted poor prognosis in HNSC patients. Mechanistically, GSEA revealed that high expression of SLC2A3 was enriched in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and NF-κB signaling. In HNSC cell lines, SLC2A3 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation and migration. In addition, NF-κB P65 and EMT-related gene expression was suppressed upon SLC2A3 knockdown, indicating that SLC2A3 may play a preeminent role in the progression of HNSC through the NF-κB/EMT axis. Meanwhile, the expression of SLC2A3 was negatively correlated with immune cells, suggesting that SLC2A3 may be involved in the immune response in HNSC. The correlation between SLC2A3 expression and drug sensitivity was further assessed. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that SLC2A3 could predict the prognosis of HNSC patients and mediate the progression of HNSC via the NF-κB/EMT axis and immune responses.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço , Humanos , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeça e Pescoço/genética , NF-kappa B/genética , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Prognóstico , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/genética , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Transição Epitelial-Mesenquimal , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/genética , Imunidade , Transportador de Glucose Tipo 3RESUMO
Waste plastics have posed enormous to the environment, but their recycling, especially polyethylene terephthalate plastics, was still a huge challenge. Here, CdS/CeO2 was used as the photocatalyst to promote the degradation of PET-12 plastics by activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS) synergistic photocatalytic system. The results showed that 10 % CdS/CeO2 had the best performance under the illumination condition, and the weight loss rate of PET-12 could reach 93.92 % after adding 3 mM PMS. The effects of important parameters (PMS dose and co-existing anions) on PET-12 degradation were systematically studied, and the excellent performance of the photocatalytic-activated PMS system was verified by comparison experiments. SO4â¢- contributed the most to the degradation performance of PET-12 plastics, which was demonstrated by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and free radical quenching experiments. Furthermore, the results of GC showed that the gas products including CO, and CH4. This indicated that the mineralized products could be further reduced to hydrocarbon fuel under the action of the photocatalyst. This job supplied a new idea for the photocatalytic treatment of waste microplastics in the water, which will help recycle waste plastics and recycle carbon resources.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The aberrant expression of BRIP1 was associated with several cancers; however, the panoramic picture of BRIP1 in human tumors remains unclear. This study aims to explore the pan-cancerous picture of the expression of BRIP1 across 33 human cancers. METHODS: Based on the data from TCGA and GTEx, a series of bioinformatic analyses were applied to systematically explore the genetic landscape and biologic function of BRIP1 in 33 human tumors. RESULTS: We observed prognosis-related differential BRIP1 expressions between various carcinomas and the corresponding normal tissues. "Basal transcription factors," "homologous recombination," "nucleotide excision repair," and DNA metabolism pathways may play a role in the functional mechanisms of BRIP1. Patients with uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma presented with the highest alteration frequency of BRIP1 (nearly 10%). Single-nucleotide and copy number variations of BRIP1 were noticed in multiple cancers, and the expression of BRIP1 is significantly regulated by copy number variation in breast invasive carcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma. BRIP1 expression is negatively correlated with the DNA methylation levels in many tumors and is associated with the activation of apoptosis, cell cycle, DNA damage response, and inhibition of hormone ER and RNS/MARK signaling pathways. Moreover, a positive correlation was observed between BRIP1 expression and the immune infiltration levels of cancer-associated fibroblasts and CD8+ T cells in lung adenocarcinoma. CONCLUSION: Our pan-cancer analysis of BRIP1 provides a valuable resource for understanding the multimolecular characteristics and biological function of BRIP1 across human cancers.