[Prediction of the clinical supply of blood components in Xi'an City from 2023 to 2025].

Objective: To construct a prediction model for the clinical supply of blood components in Xi'an City from 2023 to 2025. Methods: Based on the blood supply data of the Blood Management Information System of Shaanxi Provincial Blood Center from January 2013 to December 2022, a gray prediction model and an exponential curve fitting model were used to construct the prediction model, and the optimal prediction model was determined according to the error parameters of the relevant indicators of the model. The supply of blood components in Xi'an from 2023 to 2025 was predicted. Results: The fitting equations of the exponential curve fitting model to predict the supply of suspended red blood cells, platelets and cryoprecipitate in Xi'an were, x（1）（t+1）=1.16e0.04t，x（1）（t+1）=1.04e0.12t and x（1）（t+1）=1.01e1.10t, respectively. The mean absolute errors (mean relative errors) of the exponential curve fitting model in predicting the supply of suspended red blood cells, platelets and cryoprecipitate in Xi'an were 10 488.7 (0.05%), 2 114.9 (0.08%) and 3 089.6 (0.07%), respectively, which were lower than those of the gray prediction model, about 10 488.7 (3.44%), 2 152.78 (8.20%) and 3 441.35 (7.92%), respectively. The exponential curve fitting model predicted that the clinical supply of blood components in Xi'an would increase year by year from 2023 to 2025, and the clinical supply of suspended red blood cells, platelets, and cryoprecipitate in Xi'an would increase to 409 467 U, 69 818 therapeutic volume and 94 724 U, respectively by 2025. Conclusion: The exponential curve fitting model can make a good prediction of the clinical supply of blood components in Xi'an City.

[Advances in the use of bevacizumab for the treatment of respiratory papilloma].

Respiratory papilloma is a relatively common benign tumor of the respiratory tract, and a few patients may develop malignant changes. The disease has an insidious onset and lacks specific clinical manifestations, and its manifestations are closely related to the growth mode, location and size of the tumor. It can involve multiple parts, such as the larynx, trachea, bronchus, and lung parenchyma, which cause coughing, hoarseness, dysphonia, and, in severe cases, may lead to obstruction of the respiratory tract. At present, the treatment of respiratory papilloma lacks standardization, and there is no effective method to cure the disease. Surgery remains the main treatment for alleviating patients' symptoms and preventing airway obstruction. However, due to the high recurrence rate of respiratory papilloma, multiple surgeries are often needed, which reduces the quality of life of patients and increases their disease burden and economic burden. Bevacizumab, a vascular endothelial growth factor-binding antibody inhibitor, is a promising adjuvant treatment modality that shows good potential for reducing symptoms and the frequency of surgery. This article aimed to review the efficacy and safety of bevacizumab for the treatment of respiratory papilloma and discuss the differences and efficacy of the systemic application and intralesional injection of bevacizumab for the treatment of respiratory papilloma.

[HBeAg-positive patients hepatic tissue inflammatory activity and influencing factors during normal ALT and indeterminate phases].

Objective: To analyze the hepatic tissue inflammatory activity and influencing factors in HBeAg-positive patients during normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and indeterminate phases so as to provide a basis for evaluating the disease condition. Methods: Patients with HBeAg-positive with normal ALT and HBV DNA levels below 2 × 10(7) IU/ml from January 2017 to December 2021 were selected as the study subjects. A histopathologic liver test was performed on these patients. Age, gender, time of HBV infection, liver function, HBsAg level, HBV DNA load, genotype, portal vein inner diameter, splenic vein inner diameter, splenic thickness, and others of the patients were collected. Significant influencing factors of inflammation were analyzed in patients using logistic regression analysis, and its effectiveness was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results: Of the 178 cases, there were 0 cases of inflammation in G0, 52 cases in G1, 101 cases in G2, 24 cases in G3, and one case in G4. 126 cases (70.8%) had inflammatory activity ≥ G2. Infection time (Z=-7.138, P<0.001), γ-glutamyltransferase (t =-2.940, P=0.004), aspartate aminotransferase (t =-2.749, P=0.007), ALT (t =-2.153, P=0.033), HBV DNA level (t =-4.771, P=0.010) and portal vein inner diameter (t =-4.771, P<0.001) between the ≥G2 group and < G2 group were statistically significantly different. A logistic regression analysis showed that significant inflammation in liver tissue was independently correlated with infection time [odds ratio (OR)=1.437, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.267-1.630; P<0.001)] and portal vein inner diameter (OR=2.738, 95% CI: 1.641, 4.570; P<0.001). The area under the curve (AUROC), specificity, and sensitivity for infection time and portal vein inner diameter were 0.84, 0.71, 0.87, 0.72, 0.40, and 0.95, respectively. Conclusion: A considerable proportion of HBeAg-positive patients have inflammation grade ≥G2 during normal ALT and indeterminate phases, pointing to the need for antiviral therapy. Additionally, inflammatory activity has a close association with the time of infection and portal vein inner diameter.

[Safety and efficacy of donor-derived chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy in patients with relapsed B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation].

Objective: To investigated the safety and efficacy of donor-derived CD19+ or sequential CD19+ CD22+ chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy in patients with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Methods: The data of 22 patients with B-ALL who relapsed after allo-HSCT and who underwent donor-derived CAR-T therapy at the Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University and the 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of the People's Liberation Army of China from September 2015 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS), and the secondary endpoints were event-free survival (EFS), complete remission (CR) rate, and Grade 3-4 adverse events. Results: A total of 81.82% (n=18) of the 22 patients achieved minimal residual disease-negative CR after CAR-T infusion. The median follow-up time was 1037 (95% CI 546-1509) days, and the median OS and EFS were 287 (95% CI 132-441) days and 212 (95% CI 120-303) days, respectively. The 6-month OS and EFS rates were 67.90% (95% CI 48.30%-84.50%) and 58.70% (95% CI 37.92%-79.48%), respectively, and the 1-year OS and EFS rates were 41.10% (95% CI 19.15%-63.05%) and 34.30% (95% CI 13.92%-54.68%), respectively. Grade 1-2 cytokine release syndrome occurred in 36.36% (n=8) of the patients, and grade 3-4 occurred in 13.64% of the patients (n=3). Grade 2 and 4 graft-versus-host disease occurred in two patients. Conclusion: Donor-derived CAR-T therapy is safe and effective in patients with relapsed B-ALL after allo-HSCT.

[Progress in research of models for predicting the risk of readmission and mortality among patients with acute heart failure].

Heart failure is a serious and end-stage status of various heart diseases, characterized by comparatively high rate of readmission and mortality, and has become an important public health issue. The risk of readmission and mortality following discharge of an index hospitalization are key indicators to evaluate the quality of medical care among patients with acute heart failure. Therefore, it is important to carry out risk prediction research for patients with acute heart failure, quantify the disease risk, perform risk stratification, optimize clinical decision-making, elevate patients' quality of life and prognosis, and comprehensively improve the medical quality of acute heart failure. During the past 20 years, foreign researchers have developed dozens of models to predict the risk of acute heart failure readmission and mortality, and Chinese researchers have also developed up to 10 models applicable to the Chinese population. However, there is no recommended risk prediction model for acute heart failure in current clinical guidelines across China. In this report, we aim to introduce the major models for predicting the risk of acute heart failure readmission and mortality from home and abroad, focus on putting forward limitations of established models, and initiating potential directions for future studies from the following aspects: integrate multi-source data, mine emerging biomarkers, establish polygenic risk scores, optimize machine learning methods, promote flexible adjustment, and broaden approaches that applicable for various scenarios. Accordingly, this study will help facilitate domestic research in predicting the risk of readmission and mortality among patients hospitalized for acute heart failure.