All-solid-state K+ sensing array based on Au@polystyrene nanocomposites.

All-solid-state ion selective electrodes (ASS-ISEs) are easy to miniaturize and array, meeting the needs of home sensing devices. However, ASS-ISEs still faces challenges in accuracy and stability due to basic potential changes caused by non-specific adsorption of charged background compositions and the complex electrode preparation steps. To this end, our group successfully subtracted the background signal by integrating a self-calibrating channel in the sensing array and simplified the electrode preparation steps by preparing multi-functional PS-Au nanocomposites. However, the uniformity and gold content of PS-Au nanocomposites are difficult to control, so Au@PS nanocomposites are prepared as sensor materials in this paper to further reduce the differences between batches of electrodes. K+ Au@PS sensing array can be obtained by directly dropping Au@PS nanocomposites on the screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs), which shows a near Nernstian behavior in the range 1.0 × 10-3 M to 0.3 M and good reproducibility in real sample testing. The detection results by K+ Au@PS sensing array for K+ in human morning urine agreed well with that tested by ICP-AES, which make the K+-ASS-ISE suitable for home health monitoring.

COVID-19 impacted the suicidal ideation among health care workers and medical students: An interrupted time-series analysis of data from 30 countries.

AIM: To investigate the impact of public health emergencies on the prevalence of suicidal ideation among healthcare workers (HCWs) and medical students. METHODS: The prevalence of suicidal ideation among HCWs and medical students was searched for analysis. The platforms included PubMed, medRVix, bioRvix, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Web of Science. Interrupted time-series analysis was employed to determine whether the COVID-19 pandemic influenced the prevalence and trends of suicidal ideation. To account for autocorrelation and heteroskedasticity, Newey-West standard errors were utilized with a lag of order one. RESULTS: Seventy studies with 145,641 HCWs and medical students from 30 countries were included in the final analysis, with 30 studies before COVID-19 and 40 studies during the pandemic. Before the pandemic outbreak (April 2020), the monthly increasing rate was 0.063 % (95 % CI: -0.009 %, 0.135 %, z = 1.73, P = 0.084). The tendency of suicidal ideation prevalence increased by 1.116 % (95%CI: 0.888 %, 1.344 %, z = 9.60, P < 0.001). In other words, the calculated monthly growth rate of suicidal ideation after the pandemic outbreak is 1.179 % (95%CI: 0.968 %, 1.391 %, z = 10.93, P < 0.001) per month. The overall growing trend of prevalence of suicidal ideation during the pandemic is 1.896 % per month in America; 1.590 % in Europe; 0.443 % (95%CI: 0.213 %, 0.673 %, z = 3.77, P < 0.001) in Asia; 1.055 % in HCWs; and 0.645 % in medical students. CONCLUSION: This study highlights that the COVID-19 pandemic can significantly impact the prevalence of suicidal ideation among HCWs and medical students, and the prevalence showed an upward trend.

iTRAQ proteome analysis reveals the underling mechanisms of foliage zinc-spraying to improve photosynthetic capacity and seed yields of Peaonia ostii 'Fengdan'.

Zinc (Zn) deficiency is a significant nutritional limitation to crop yield globally, particularly in calcareous soil environments. Tree peony of Peaonia ostii 'Fengdan' is regarded as an oil crop due to its seeds rich in alpha-linolenic acid, a beneficial compound for health promotion. However, low seed yield remains a primary challenge in attaining sufficient seed oil from tree peony. In this study, Zn fertilization was applied to soil or foliage of P. ostii 'Fengdan' in the growth period before fruit development. Our findings reveal that foliar Zn-spraying, as opposed to soil application, proves to be a more effective method for augmenting seed yield, Zn accumulation and photosynthetic capacity in 'Fengdan'. Comparative analyses of the leaf proteome of 'Fengdan' using iTRAQ profiling under foliar Zn-spraying identified 115 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), including 36 upregulated proteins, which likely contribute to the observed increase in seed yields of 'Fengdan' caused by foliage Zn-spraying. Specifically, Zn2+ stimulation of phosphatidylinositol signaling initiates a cascade of metabolic regulations. Firstly, ATP synthesis promotes leaf photosynthetic capacity, facilitated by improved sucrose metabolism through upregulated pullulanase and 1,4-alpha-glucan-branching enzyme. Furthermore, lipid synthesis and transport are facilitated by upregulated lipoyl synthase and plastid lipid-associated proteins. Additionally, DEPs involved in secondary metabolism are upregulated in the production of various metabolites conducive to 'Fengdan' growth. Overall, our results demonstrate that foliage Zn-spraying enhances seed yield in P. ostii 'Fengdan' by elevating Zn content and secondary metabolite synthesis in leaves, thereby augmenting leaf photosynthetic capacity and lipid synthesis. This study provides an effective way to increase seed yield of tree peony by exogenous Zn application.

Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Has the Potential to Be Used as a Diagnostic Tool and Treatment Target for Autism Spectrum Disorders.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental disorders, is characterized by social impairment and repetitive and stereotypic behaviors. Because of the lack of approved laboratory diagnostic markers and effective therapeutic medications, it is one of the most challenging diseases. Therefore, it is urgent to explore potential diagnosis markers or therapeutic targets. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is a neurotrophic growth factor that enhances brain development. IGF-1 levels in body fluids are lower in preschool children with ASD than in typically developing children, which may serve as a potential diagnostic marker. In various ASD models associated with genetic or environmental exposure, IGF-1 treatment can improve core symptoms or pathological changes, including neuronal development, neural cell survival, balance of synaptic excitation and inhibition, neuroimmunology, and oxidative stress status. In March 2023 an IGF-1 derivative was approved as the first drug for treating Rett syndrome, an ASD-related neurodevelopmental disorder, to improve fundamental symptoms such as social communication. Thus, in this review, we present accumulating evidence of altered IGF-1 levels in ASD patients and the possible mechanisms, as well as evidence that IGF-1 treatment improves the pathophysiology in various ASD models. IGF-1 has the potential to be an early diagnosis marker and an effective therapeutic for ASD.

Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of NiMn Layered Double Hydroxides/Graphene Oxide Composites Synthesized by One-Step Hydrothermal Method for Supercapacitors.

This study aims to enhance the performance of supercapacitors, focusing particularly on optimizing electrode materials. While pure NiMn layered double hydroxides (LDHs) exhibit excellent electrochemical properties, they have limitations in achieving high specific capacitance. Therefore, this paper successfully synthesized composite materials of NiMn LDHs with varying loadings of graphene oxide (GO) using a hydrothermal method. Systematic physicochemical characterization of the synthesized materials, such as powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and Raman spectroscopy, revealed the influence of GO doping on the microstructure and electrochemical performance of NiMn LDHs. Electrochemical tests demonstrated that the NiMn LDHs/GO electrode material exhibited optimal electrochemical performance with a specific capacitance of 2096 F g-1 at 1 A g-1 current density and 1471 F g-1 at 10 A g-1, when GO doping level was 0.45 wt %. Furthermore, after 1000 cycles of stability testing, the material retained 53.3 % capacitance at 5 A g-1, indicating good cyclic stability. This study not only provides new directions for research on supercapacitor electrode materials but also offers new strategies for developing low-cost and efficient electrode materials.

TMEM52B Isoforms P18 and P20 Differentially Promote the Oncogenesis and Metastasis of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

Transmembrane protein 52B (TMEM52B), a newly identified tumor-related gene, has been reported to regulate various tumors, yet its role in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains unclear. Transcriptomic analysis of NPC cell lines reveals frequent overexpression of TMEM52B, and immunohistochemical results show that TMEM52B is associated with advanced tumor stage, recurrence, and decreased survival time. Depleting TMEM52B inhibits the proliferation, migration, invasion, and oncogenesis of NPC cells in vivo. TMEM52B encodes two isoforms, TMEM52B-P18 and TMEM52B-P20, differing in their N-terminals. While both isoforms exhibit similar pro-oncogenic roles and contribute to drug resistance in NPC, TMEM52B-P20 differentially promotes metastasis. This functional discrepancy may be attributed to their distinct subcellular localization; TMEM52B-P18 is confined to the cytoplasm, while TMEM52B-P20 is found both at the cell membrane and in the cytoplasm. Mechanistically, cytoplasmic TMEM52B enhances AKT phosphorylation by interacting with phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1), fostering NPC growth and metastasis. Meanwhile, membrane-localized TMEM52B-P20 promotes E-cadherin ubiquitination and degradation by facilitating its interaction with the E3 ubiquitin ligase NEDD4, further driving NPC metastasis. In conclusion, the TMEM52B-P18 and TMEM52B-P20 isoforms promote the metastasis of NPC cells through different mechanisms. Drugs targeting these TMEM52B isoforms may offer therapeutic benefits to cancer patients with varying degrees of metastasis.

Prevalence of anxiety, depression, sleeping problems, cognitive impairment, and suicidal ideation in people with autoimmune skin diseases.

BACKGROUND: Autoimmune skin diseases (ASDs) such as psoriasis and vitiligo, in addition to causing visible skin symptoms, are closely associated with psychological health issues. However, a comprehensive understanding of the prevalence of these psychological comorbidities in affected individuals is lacking. This study aims to identify the prevalence of anxiety, depression, sleeping problems, cognitive impairment, and suicidal ideation in people with ASDs. METHOD: PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library searches were conducted from 1993 to May 2024. Observational studies reporting prevalence data for anxiety, depression, sleeping problems, cognitive impairment, and suicidal ideation among people with ASDs were included in the analysis. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to evaluate the quality of studies. RESULTS: The study included 114 studies from 37 countries including 823,975 participants. The estimated pooled prevalence of anxiety in patients with ASDs was 33.3% (95% CI: 27.3-29.3%). The estimated pooled prevalence of depression was 33.7% (95% CI: 29.2-38.1%). The estimated pooled prevalence of sleeping problems was 45.0% (95% CI:31.6-58.4%). The estimated pooled prevalence of cognitive impairment and suicidal ideation was 30.8% (95% CI:15.0-46.7%) and 21.6% (95% CI:13.4-29.8%), respectively. The most common mental disorder in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and psoriasis was sleeping problems at 55.9% (95% CI: 35.6-76.1%, I2 = 97%) and 39.0% (95% CI: 21.1-56.9%, I2 = 99%). CONCLUSION: Among patients with ASDs, anxiety, depression, sleeping problems, cognitive impairment, and suicidal ideation were common. The most prevalent mental disorder among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and psoriasis was sleeping problems. Those with ASDs may experience considerable psychological burdens, and integrated mental health support is necessary for their treatment.

A Novel Electrochemical Sensor Based on Pd Confined Mesoporous Carbon Hollow Nanospheres for the Sensitive Detection of Ascorbic Acid, Dopamine, and Uric Acid.

In this study, we designed a novel electrochemical sensor by modifying a glass carbon electrode (GCE) with Pd confined mesoporous carbon hollow nanospheres (Pd/MCHS) for the simultaneous detection of ascorbic acid (AA), dopamine (DA), and uric acid (UA). The structure and morphological characteristics of the Pd/MCHS nanocomposite and the Pd/MCHS/GCE sensor are comprehensively examined using SEM, TEM, XRD and EDX. The electrochemical properties of the prepared sensor are investigated through CV and DPV, which reveal three resolved oxidation peaks for AA, DA, and UA, thereby verifying the simultaneous detection of the three analytes. Benefiting from its tailorable properties, the Pd/MCHS nanocomposite provides a large surface area, rapid electron transfer ability, good catalytic activity, and high conductivity with good electrochemical behavior for the determination of AA, DA, and UA. Under optimized conditions, the Pd/MCHS/GCE sensor exhibited a linear response in the concentration ranges of 300-9000, 2-50, and 20-500 µM for AA, DA, and UA, respectively. The corresponding limit of detection (LOD) values were determined to be 51.03, 0.14, and 4.96 µM, respectively. Moreover, the Pd/MCHS/GCE sensor demonstrated outstanding selectivity, reproducibility, and stability. The recovery percentages of AA, DA, and UA in real samples, including a vitamin C tablet, DA injection, and human urine, range from 99.8-110.9%, 99.04-100.45%, and 98.80-100.49%, respectively. Overall, the proposed sensor can serve as a useful reference for the construction of a high-performance electrochemical sensing platform.

Body mass index and pressure injuries risk in hospitalized adult patients: A dose-response analysis.

BACKGROUND: The association between underweight and pressure injuries (PIs) has been established in several studies. However, there is a lack of well-designed research investigating the connection between overweight and obesity with these injuries. OBJECTIVE: This meta-analysis aims to investigate the dose-response relationship between body mass index (BMI) and the risk of PIs in adult hospitalized patients. METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, and MEDLINE Databases were searched from inception to May 2024. Observational articles with at least three BMI categories were included in the study. BMI was defined as underweight, normal weight, overweight, and morbid obesity for the meta-analysis. The non-linear relationship between BMI and the risk of PIs in hospitalized adults was investigated using restricted cubic spline models. Fractional polynomial modeling was used. RESULTS: Eleven articles reporting at least 3 categories of BMI met the inclusion criteria, including 31,389 participants. Compared to patients with normal weight, those with underweight, obesity, and morbid obesity exhibited an increased risk of PIs, with odds ratios of 1.70 (95%CI:1.50-1.91), 1.12 (95%CI:1.02-1.24), 1.70 (95%CI:1.13-2.55), respectively. A J-shaped dose-response model was established for the relationship between PI risk and BMI (Pnon-linearity < 0.001, Plinearity = 0.745). CONCLUSION: The J-shaped dose-response pattern revealed that underweight, obesity and morbid obesity heightened the risk of PIs in hospitalized adults. Lower and higher BMI values may signify an increased risk for PIs, particularly among the elderly with lower BMI, providing valuable guidance for medical staff.

Fluorescent biosensor based on magnetic separation platform and spore-like breakable organosilica nanocapsules controlled-release carbon dots for the detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7.

Ultrasensitive and rapid detection of low concentration of Escherichia coli O157: H7 (E. coli O157:H7) in food is essential for food safety and public health. In this study, A novel fluorescence signal amplification biosensor based on magnetic separation platform and red fluorescent carbon dots (R-CDs)-encapsulated breakable organosilica nanocapsules (BONs) for ultrasensitive detection of E. coli O157:H7 was established. Wulff-type boronic acid functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs@B-N/APBA) with broad-spectrum bacterial recognition ability were synthesized for the first time to recognize and capture E. coli O157: H7 in food samples. R-CDs@BONs labeled with anti-E. coli O157:H7 monoclonal antibody (mAb@R-CDs@BONs-NH2) were used as the second recognition element to ensure the specificity for E. coli O157:H7 and form MNPs@B-N/APBA∼ E. coli O157:H7∼mAb@R-CDs@BONs-NH2 sandwich complexes, followed by releasing R-CDs to generate amplified fluorescence response signals for quantitative detection of E. coli O157:H7. The proposed method had a limit of detection with 25 CFU/mL in pure culture and contaminated lettuce samples, which the whole detection process took about 120 min. This fluorescence signal amplification biosensor has the potential to detect other pathogens in food by altering specific antibodies.

Efficacy of recombinant human epidermal growth factor in pressure injury healing: evidence from Chinese randomized controlled trials.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF) in healing pressure injuries (PIs). METHODS: A meta-analysis was conducted of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving rhEGF in the treatment of PIs that were identified in PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). The population, intervention, comparison, outcomes, study design (PICOS) strategy was applied to determine analysis eligibility. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used, and statistical analysis, including sensitivity analysis, was performed of 3 outcomes indicators: the primary outcome was total efficacy of rhEGF in treating PIs, and the secondary outcomes were the proportion of complete healing and the time to complete healing. Total efficacy refers to the proportion of cases that have been cured, obviously effective, or effective. Complete healing refers to cases where the wound has healed, scabbed, and the scab has sloughed off. RESULTS: Sixteen RCTs were included, comprising a total of 1,206 patients. Study and control group size varied by outcomes. The total effective healing rate in rhEGF group was 97.18%, which was significantly higher than 83.38% in control group (OR: 5.69, [95% CI: 3.61, 8.97], z=7.49, P < .001). The proportion of complete healing in the rhEGF group was 73.30%, which was higher than 39.52% in control group (OR: 3.88, [95% CI: 3.01, 5.01], z=10.39, P < .001). Furthermore, the healing time using rhEGF was shorter (SMD: -2.14 days, [95% CI: -2.60, -1.67], z=9.07, P < .001). Sensitivity analyses indicated that the results were robust. CONCLUSIONS: The meta-analysis indicated that rhEGF was effective in healing PIs with few negative effects. Further research beyond Chinese populations involving larger studies and studies that distinguish between results found in using rhEGF alone or in combination are recommended.

Mitochondria-targeted ruthenium(II) complexes for photodynamic therapy and GSH detection in living cells.

Photodynamic therapy is an emerging tumor therapy that kills tumor cells by activating reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by photosensitizers. Mitochondria, as an important organelle, are the main generator of cellular ROS. Therefore, the development of photosensitizers capable of targeting mitochondria could significantly enhance the efficacy of photodynamic therapy. In this study, two novel ruthenium(II) complexes, Ru-1 and Ru-2, were designed and synthesized, both of which were functionalized with α,ß-unsaturated ketones for sensing of glutathione (GSH). The crystal structures of the two complexes were determined and they exhibited good recognition of GSH by off-on luminescence signals. The complex Ru-2 containing aromatic naphthalene can enter the cells and react with GSH to generate a strong luminescence signal that can be used to monitor intracellular GSH levels through imaging. Ru-2 also has an excellent mitochondrial localization ability with a Pearson's coefficient of 0.95, which demonstrates that it can efficiently target the mitochondria of tumor cells to enhance the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy as a photosensitizer.

Cyanobacterial blooms control with CaO2 in different stages: Inhibition efficiency, water quality optimization and microbial community changes.

This study explored the feasibility of calcium peroxide (CaO2) to inhibit cyanobacterial blooms of the outbreak and dormancy stages. Our previous studies have found that CaO2 has a high inhibitory effect on cyanobacteria. In order to explore the application effect of CaO2 in actual cyanobacteria lake water, we conducted this study to clarify the effect of CaO2 on inhibiting cyanobacteria in outbreak and dormancy stages. The results showed that CaO2 inhibited the growth of cyanobacteria in the outbreak and dormancy stages by 98.7% and 97.6%, respectively. The main inhibitory mechanism is: (1) destroy the cell structure and make the cells undergo programmed cell death by stimulating the oxidation balance of cyanobacteria cells; (2) EPS released by cyanobacteria resist stimulation and combine calcium to form colonies, and accelerate cell settlement. In addition to causing direct damage to cyanobacteria, CaO2 can also improve water quality and sediment microbial diversity, and reduce the release of sediment to phosphorus, so as to further contribute to cyanobacterial inhibition. Finally, the results of qRT-PCR analysis confirmed the promoting effect of CaO2 on the downregulation of photosynthesis-related genes (rbcL and psaB), microcystn (mcyA and mcyD) and peroxiredoxin (prx), and verified the mechanism of CaO2 inhibition of cyanobacteria. In conclusion, this study provides new findings for the future suppression of cyanobacterial bloom, by combining water quality, cyanobacterial inhibition mechanisms, and sediment microbial diversity.

Mortality of children and adolescents co-infected with tuberculosis and HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: Children and adolescents with HIV infection are well known to face a heightened risk of tuberculosis. However, the exact mortality rates and temporal trends of those with HIV-tuberculosis (TB) co-infection remain unclear. We aimed to identify the overall mortality and temporal trends within this population. METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase were employed to search for publications reporting on the mortality rates of children and adolescents with HIV-TB co-infection from inception to March 2, 2024. The outcome is the mortality rate for children and adolescents with HIV-TB co-infection during the follow-up period. In addition, we evaluate the temporal trends of mortality. RESULTS: During the follow-up period, the pooled mortality was 16% [95% confidence interval (CI) 13-20]. Single infection of either HIV or TB exhibit lower mortality rates (6% and 4%, respectively). We observed elevated mortality risks among individuals aged less than 12 months, those with extrapulmonary TB, poor adherence to ART, and severe immunosuppression. In addition, we observed a decreasing trend in mortality before 2008 and an increasing trend after 2008, although the trends were not statistically significant ( P  = 0.08 and 0.2 respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Children and adolescents with HIV-TB co-infection bear a significant burden of mortality. Timely screening, effective treatment, and a comprehensive follow-up system contribute to reducing the mortality burden in this population.

Bacterial detection based on Förster resonance energy transfer.

The huge economic loss and threat to human health caused by bacterial infection have attracted the public's concern, and there is an urgent need to relieve and improve the tough problem. Therefore, it is significant to establish a facile, rapid, and sensitive method for bacterial detection considering the shortcomings of existing methods. Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based sensors have exhibited immense potential and applicability for bacterial detection given their high signal-to-noise ratio and high sensitivity. This review focuses on the development of FRET-based fluorescence assays for bacterial detection. We summarize the principle of FRET-based assays, discuss the commonly used recognition molecules and further introduce three frequent construction strategies. Based on the strategies and materials, relevant applications are presented. Moreover, some restrictions of FRET fluorescence sensors and development prospects are discussed. Suitable donor-acceptor pairs and stable recognition molecules are the essential conditions for sensors to play their roles, and there is still some room for development. Besides, applying FRET fluorescence sensors to point-of-care detection is still difficult. Future developments could focus on near-infrared fluorescent dyes and simultaneous detection of multiple analytes.

Novel annual nitrogen management strategy improves crop yield and reduces greenhouse gas emissions in wheat-maize rotation systems under limited irrigation.

Excessive irrigation and nitrogen application have long seriously undermined agricultural sustainability in the North China Plain (NCP), leading to declining groundwater tables and intensified greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Developing low-input management practices that meet the growing food demand while reducing environmental costs is urgently needed. Here, we developed a novel nitrogen management strategy for a typical winter wheat-summer maize rotation system in the NCP under limited irrigation (wheat sowing irrigation only (W0) or sowing and jointing irrigation (W1)) and low nitrogen input (360 kg N ha-1, about 70 % of traditional annual nitrogen input). Novel nitrogen management strategy promoted efficient nitrogen fertilizer uptake and utilization by both crops via optimization of nitrogen fertilizer allocation between the two crops, i.e., increasing nitrogen inputs to wheat (from 180 to 240 kg N ha-1) while reducing nitrogen inputs to maize (from 180 to 120 kg N ha-1). Three-year field study demonstrated that integrated management practices combining novel nitrogen management strategy with limited irrigation increased annual yields and PFPN by 1.9-5.7 %, and reduced TGE by 55-68 kg CO2-eq ha-1 and GHGI by 2.2-10.3 %, without any additional cost. Our results provide agricultural operators and policymakers with practical and easy-to-scalable integrated management strategy, and offer key initiative to promote grain production in the NCP towards agriculture sustainable intensification with high productivity and efficiency, water conservation and emission reduction.

Expanding capabilities to evaluate readiness for return to duty after mTBI: The CAMP study protocol.

Physical Therapists affiliated with Intrepid Spirit Centers evaluate and treat Active Duty Service Members (ADSM) who have duty-limiting post-concussion symptoms to improve the ability to perform challenging tasks associated with military service. The Complex Assessment of Military Performance (CAMP) is a test battery that more closely approximates the occupational demands of ADSM without specific adherence to a particular branch of service or military occupational specialty. Subtasks were developed with military collaborators to include high level skills that all service members must be able to perform such as reacting quickly, maintaining visual stability while moving and changing positions, and scanning for, noting, and/or remembering operationally relevant information under conditions of physical exertion. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this observational longitudinal study is to: 1- establish typical performance parameters for ADSM on the CAMP test battery 2- determine the element of the CAMP battery that demonstrate the greatest differences from standard performance and serve as predictors for successful return to duty and 3- develop clinician-facing feedback algorithms and displays and 4-develop materials for clinical dissemination. This ongoing multi-site study is currently funded through the CDMRP and has been approved by the Naval Medical Center Portsmouth IRB. METHODS: ADSM undergoing post-concussion rehabilitation at the Intrepid Spirit Centers will be tested within one week of their initial Physical Therapy evaluation and after completing Physical Therapy. Control participants will include males, females, and ADSM from the Special Operations community. Participants will complete an intake form that includes questions about demographics, military service, deployment and concussion history, and profile and duty status. Other measures include those that explore concussion symptoms, sleep quality, post-traumatic stress, and perceptions of resilience. The CAMP includes three separate 10-15 minute tasks. Movement is recorded by wearable inertial sensors and heart rate variability is recorded with a POLAR10 monitor. The "Run-Roll" task requires rapid position changes, combat rolls and quick running forwards and backwards while carrying a simulated weapon. Visual stability before and after the task is also performed. The "Dual-Task Agility" task includes rapid running with and without a weighted vest and a working memory task. The "Patrol Exertion" task requires repeated stepping onto an exercise step while watching a virtual patrol video. Additional tasks include monitoring direction of travel, observing for signs of enemy presence, and reacting to multiple auditory signals embedded in the video. DISCUSSION: Measures that evaluate relevant skills are vital to support safe return to duty for ADSM who may be exposed to imminent danger as part of training or mission demands. The CAMP is designed to be an ecologically valid and clinically feasible assessment that may be more sensitive to capturing subtle impairments that impact duty performance as test skills are integrated into dual and multi-tasks that reflect occupational demands. Assessment results may serve as a more robust indicator of readiness for full return to duty after concussion.

The paradigm for exceptional iodine capture by nonporous amorphous electron-deficient cyclophanes.

Nuclear power emerges as a beacon of hope in tackling the energy crisis. However, the emission of radioactive iodine originating from nuclear waste and accidents poses a serious danger to nature and human well-being. Therefore, it becomes imperative to urgently develop suitable adsorbents capable of iodine capture and long-term storage. It's generally recognized that achieving high iodine capture efficiency necessitates the presence of electron-rich pores/cavities that facilitate charge-transfer (CT) interactions, as well as effective sorption sites capable of engaging in lone pair interactions with iodine. In this study, an unprecedented iodine capture paradigm by nonporous amorphous electron-deficient tetracationic cycloalkanes in vapor and aqueous solutions is revealed, overturning preconceived notions of iodine trapping materials. A newly reported tetracationic cyclophane, BPy-Box4+, exhibited an exceptional iodine vapor sorption capacity of 3.99 g g-1, remarkable iodine removal efficiency in aqueous media, and outstanding reusability. The iodine capture mechanism is unambiguously elucidated by theoretical calculations and the single-crystal structures of cyclophanes with a gradual increase in iodine content, underlining the vital role of host-guest (1:1 or 1:2) interactions for the enhanced iodine capture. The current study demonstrates a new paradigm for enhanced iodine capture by nonporous amorphous electron-deficient cyclophanes through host-guest complexation.

Non-pharmacological interventions for preventing suicide attempts: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Suicide attempts can cause serious physical harm or death. It would be crucial to gain a better understanding of the comparative efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions. We aimed to identify which non-pharmacological interventions are more effective in preventing suicide attempts. PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases were searched systematically from their inception until 3 April 2023. To be eligible for inclusion, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) had to meet the following criteria: Participants were individuals who had suicidal ideation or a history of severe self-harm or attempted suicide. A network meta-analysis was performed using a random effects model to estimate the treatment effect of various non-pharmacological interventions. (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023411393). We obtained data from 54 studies involving 17,630 participants. Our primary analysis found that Cognitive therapy (CT) (OR=0.19, 95%CI =0.04-0.81), Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) (OR=0.37, 95%CI =0.13-0.97), Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) (OR=0.42, 95%CI =0.17-0.99), and Brief intervention and contact (BIC) (OR=0.65, 95%CI=0.44-0.94) were superior to TAU (within the longest available follow-up time) in preventing suicide attempts, while other intervention methods do not show significant advantages over TAU. Secondary analysis showed that the two intervention measures (CT and BIC) were effective when follow-up time did not exceed 6 months, but there was no effective intervention measure with longer follow-up times. CT, DBT, CBT, and BIC have a better effect in preventing suicide attempts than other non-pharmacological interventions. Additional research is necessary to validate which interventions, as well as which combinations of interventions, are the most effective.