Dynamic changes in pyroptosis following spinal cord injury and the identification of crucial molecular signatures through machine learning and single-cell sequencing.

The pathological cascade of spinal cord injury (SCI) is highly intricate. The onset of neuroinflammation can exacerbate the extent of damage. Pyroptosis is a form of inflammation-linked programmed cell death (PCD), the inhibition of pyroptosis can partially mitigate neuroinflammation. It is imperative to delineate the principal cell types susceptible to pyroptosis and concomitantly identify key genes associated with this process. We initially defined the pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) and analyzed their expression at different time points post SCI. The results demonstrate a substantial upregulation of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to pyroptosis on the 7 days post-injury (dpi), these DEGs in the 7 dpi are closely related to the inflammatory response. Subsequently, immune infiltration analysis revealed a predominant presence of inflammatory microglia. Through correlation analysis, we postulated that pyroptosis primarily manifested within the inflammatory microglia. Employing machine learning algorithms, we identified four pyroptosis-related molecular signatures, which were experimentally validated using BV2 cells and spinal cord tissue samples. The robustness of the identified molecular signatures was further confirmed through single-cell sequencing data analysis. Overall, our study elucidates the temporal dynamics of pyroptosis and identifies key molecular signatures following SCI. These findings can provide novel evidence for therapeutic interventions in SCI.

Psychological capital and perceived supervisor social support as mediating roles between role stress and work engagement among Chinese clinical nursing teachers: a cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the work engagement of clinical nursing teachers and examine whether psychological capital and perceived supervisor social support mediates the association between role stress and work engagement among clinical nursing teachers. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study design was used. SETTING: This study was conducted in five tertiary hospitals affiliated with medical universities in Shandong Province, China. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 412 clinical nursing teachers were recruited out of which 406 completed the questionnaires effectively. METHODS: Questionnaires were administered offline and the items consisted of social demographic characteristics, scale related to role stress, psychological capital, perceived supervisor social support and work engagement. T-tests, one-way analysis of variance and Pearson's correlation analysis were conducted using SPSS, and mediation analysis was performed using structural equation modelling. RESULTS: The work engagement scores of clinical nursing teachers were high, with an average score of 4.76±0.69. Structural equation modelling showed a good fit of the data to the hypothesised model. Role stress did not directly affect work engagement (ß=0.057, p>0.001). However, a strong indirect effect of role stress on work engagement (ß=-0.373, p<0.001) mediated by psychological capital and perceived supervisor social support was observed, with path coefficient of -0.319 (p<0.01) and -0.054 (p<0.01), respectively. The model explains 57% of the variance in work engagement. CONCLUSION: Psychological capital and perceived supervisor social support fully mediated the relationship between role stress and work engagement among clinical nursing teachers. Thus, to promote the work engagement of clinical nursing teachers, their psychological capital needs to be improved. Furthermore, superiors should provide more support, particularly to clinical nursing teachers experiencing high role stress.