Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of MYB Transcription Factor Family in Response to Various Abiotic Stresses in Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.).

Abiotic stresses such as nitrogen deficiency, drought, and salinity significantly impact coconut production, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying coconut's response to these stresses are poorly understood. MYB proteins, a large and diverse family of transcription factors (TF), play crucial roles in plant responses to various abiotic stresses, but their genome-wide characterization and functional roles in coconut have not been comprehensively explored. This study identified 214 CnMYB genes (39 1R-MYB, 171 R2R3-MYB, 2 3R-MYB, and 2 4R-MYB) in the coconut genome. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these genes are unevenly distributed across the 16 chromosomes, with conserved consensus sequences, motifs, and gene structures within the same subgroups. Synteny analysis indicated that segmental duplication primarily drove CnMYB evolution in coconut, with low nonsynonymous/synonymous ratios suggesting strong purifying selection. The gene ontology (GO) annotation of protein sequences provided insights into the biological functions of the CnMYB gene family. CnMYB47/70/83/119/186 and CnMYB2/45/85/158/195 were identified as homologous genes linked to nitrogen deficiency, drought, and salinity stress through BLAST, highlighting the key role of CnMYB genes in abiotic stress tolerance. Quantitative analysis of PCR showed 10 CnMYB genes in leaves and petioles and found that the expression of CnMYB45/47/70/83/85/119/186 was higher in 3-month-old than one-year-old coconut, whereas CnMYB2/158/195 was higher in one-year-old coconut. Moreover, the expression of CnMYB70, CnMYB2, and CnMYB2/158 was high under nitrogen deficiency, drought, and salinity stress, respectively. The predicted secondary and tertiary structures of three key CnMYB proteins involved in abiotic stress revealed distinct inter-proteomic features. The predicted interaction between CnMYB2/158 and Hsp70 supports its role in coconut's drought and salinity stress responses. These results expand our understanding of the relationships between the evolution and function of MYB genes, and provide valuable insights into the MYB gene family's role in abiotic stress in coconut.

Establishment of normal reference range for thromboelastography based on 17,708 cases in Beijing, China.

Background: Thromboelastography (TEG) can dynamically evaluate the interaction between platelets and coagulation cascade and the effects of other cellular components on the activities of plasma factors, to comprehensively analyze the whole process of blood coagulation and dissolution. Due to differences in both the incidence rates and the coagulation state of related diseases, many studies have highlighted the necessity of establishing the normal reference ranges for TEG for local regions. The aim of the present study was to determine the local normal reference ranges according to the TEG results of 17,708 volunteers in Beijing, to explore the coagulation characteristics related to the age and sex of the study population. Methods: Reference ranges of reaction time (R), coagulation time (K), coagulation angle (α-angle), and maximum thrombus consistency (MA) for TEG in healthy adults in Beijing were determined in the physical examination of 17,708 Beijing volunteers (5,319 women and 12,389 men). The volunteers were divided into the elderly group (≥60 years old) and young and middle-aged group (20-59 years old), and the reference ranges of each group were calculated according to sex. Results: Based on the TEG results of the 17,708 volunteers who underwent physical examination, the 95% reference ranges of R, K, α-angle, and MA for TEG in Beijing were 5.1-10 min, 1.3-3.8 min, 44.9-70.2°, and 50.4-71 min, respectively. The results of R, K, α-angle, and MA for TEG between the young and middle-aged group and the elderly group, as well as between women and men were significantly different (P<0.001). Finally, reference ranges for TEG in the young and middle-aged group and the elderly group were obtained. Conclusions: Compared with the reference standards provided by previous reagent manufacturers, the coagulation factor and fibrinogen function of TEG tend to be hypocoagulable in Beijing population. We found that the young and middle-aged group had lower coagulation activity than the elderly group, and women had higher coagulation activity than men in the same group.

Admission high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels improve the Grace risk score prediction on in-hospital outcomes in acute myocardial infarction patients.

BACKGROUND: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the main cause of death and disability in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Both the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (Grace) score and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were associated with prognosis in patients with AMI. However, whether the addition of the hs-CRP to Grace risk score could improve the predictive power of Grace risk score on the prognosis of patients with AMI is unclear. HYPOTHESIS: We hypothesized that the inclusion of hs-CRP in the Grace risk score could improve the ability to correctly distinguish the occurrence of in-hospital outcomes. METHODS: We retrospectively enrolled 1804 patients with AMI in the final analysis. Patients were divided into four groups by hs-CRP quartiles. The relation between hs-CRP and Grace risk score was analyzed by Spearman rank correlation. Logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors. The predictive value of hs-CRP add to Grace risk score was evaluated by C-statistic, net reclassification improvement (NRI), integrated differentiation improvement (IDI), calibration plot, and decision curve analysis. RESULTS: The hs-CRP and Grace risk score had a significantly positive correlation (r = .191, p < .001). hs-CRP combined with Grace risk score could improve the ability of Grace risk score alone to correctly redistinguish the occurrence of in-hospital outcome (C-statistic = 0.819, p < .001; NRI = 0.05956, p = .007; IDI = 0.0757, p < .001). CONCLUSION: Admission hs-CRP level was a significant independent risk factor for in-hospital outcomes in patients with AMI. The inclusion of hs-CRP in the Grace risk score could improve the ability to correctly distinguish the occurrence of in-hospital outcomes.