Supported of gold nanoparticles on carboxymethyl lignin modified magnetic nanoparticles as an efficient catalyst for reduction of nitroarenes and treatment of human melanoma.

This article represents the synthesis and characterizations of Au NPs immobilized and carboxymethyl lignin (CML) modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@CML/Au NPs) following a bio-inspired protocol without the participation of any toxic and harmful reductant or stabilizers. Following various physicochemical methodologies, such as FT-IR, FE-SEM, TEM, EDX, XRD, VSM, and ICP-OES, the textural characteristics and different structural aspects were evaluated. The Fe3O4@CML/Au NPs nanocomposite was subsequently explored towards the catalytic reduction of diverse aromatic nitro functions using green conditions. An excellent yield were achieved within very short reaction time. Nine recycling runs of the nanocatalyst were completed without a discernible loss of catalytic activity, thanks to its easy magnetic recovery. The DPPH assay was carried out to examine the antioxidant effectiveness. The Fe3O4@CML/Au NPs nanocomposite inhibited half of the DPPH in a 250 µg/mL solution. To measure the anti-human melanoma efficacy of Fe3O4@CML/Au NPs nanocomposite, MTT assay was applied on HT144, MUM2C, IPC-298 and SKMEL24 cell lines. Fe3O4@CML/Au NPs nanocomposite had high anti-human melanoma efficacy on above tumor cells. The best finding of anti-human melanoma properties of Fe3O4@CML/Au NPs nanocomposite was seen in the case of the SKMEL24 cell line. The IC50 of Fe3O4@CML/Au NPs nanocomposite was 137, 145, 185, and 125 µg/mL against HT144, MUM2C, IPC-298 and SKMEL24 cells, respectively. This research exhibited remarkable anti-human melanoma and antioxidant efficacies of Fe3O4@CML/Au NPs nanocomposite in the in vitro condition.

Multicenter effect analysis of one-step acellular dermis combined with autologous ultra-thin split thickness skin composite transplantation in treating burn and traumatic wounds.

To evaluate the efficacy of one-step acellular dermis combined with autologous split thickness skin grafting in the treatment of burn or trauma wounds by a multicenter controlled study. In patients with extensive burns, it is even difficult to repair the wounds due to the shortage of autologous skin. The traditional skin grafting method has the disadvantages of large damage to the donor site, insufficient skin source and unsatisfactory appearance, wear resistance and elasticity of the wound tissue after skin grafting. One-step acellular dermis combined with autologous ultra-thin split thickness skin graft can achieve better healing effect in the treatment of burn and trauma wounds. A total of 1208 patients who underwent single-layer skin grafting and one-step composite skin grafting in the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhan Third People's Hospital and Lu 'an People's Hospital from 2019 to 2022 were retrospectively analysed. The total hospitalization cost, total operation cost, hospitalization days after surgery, wound healing rate after 1 week of skin grafting and scar follow-up at 6 months after discharge were compared and studied. The total cost of hospitalization and operation in the composite skin grafting group was significantly higher than those in the single-layer autologous skin grafting group. The wound healing rate after 1 week of skin grafting and the VSS score of scar in the follow-up of 6 months after discharge were better than those in the single-layer skin grafting group. One-step acellular dermis combined with autologous ultra-thin split thickness skin graft has high wound healing rate, less scar, smooth appearance and good elasticity in repairing burn and trauma wounds, which can provide an ideal repair method for wounds.

Fabrication of silver nanoparticles immobilized on magnetic lignosulfonate: Evaluation of its catalytic activity in the N-acetylation reactions and investigation of its anti-cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma effects.

Due to the non-optimal response of most types of cancer to various treatment methods and their rapid progress, research continues in the field of producing drugs with less toxicity and greater efficiency. There are many nanocomposites with diverse biological activities that include part of anticancer drugs in new pharmacological science. The present investigation describes a green procedure for the in situ support of Ag nanoparticles (NPs) over sodium lignosulfonate (NaLS) modified magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4@NaLS/Ag) and its subsequent biological and chemical performance. FT-IR, TEM, FE-SEM, EDS, ICP, VSM and XRD techniques were used to characterize the synthesized Fe3O4@NaLS/Ag. The catalytic efficacy of the desired composite was applied in the N-acetylation of various amines in the presence of Ac2O under solvent-free conditions. The Fe3O4@NaLS/Ag catalyst was recovered by an external magnet and reused for nine runs without a significant decrease in the activity. The cytotoxic and anti-cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma potentials of biologically synthesized Fe3O4@NaLS/Ag nanocomposite against PM1 and MET1 cells were determined. The anti-cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma properties of the Fe3O4@NaLS/Ag nanocomposite could significantly remove PM1 and MET1 cells. The IC50 of Fe3O4@NaLS/Ag nanocomposite was 288 and 270 µg/mL against PM1 and MET1 cells, respectively. Also, Fe3O4@NaLS/Ag nanocomposite presented a high antioxidant potential according to the IC50 value. According to the above results, the recent nanocomposite can be used in treating cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma after doing clinical trial studies.

Ellagic acid inhibits the formation of hypertrophic scars by suppressing TGF-ß/Smad signaling pathway activity.

Hypertrophic scar (HS) is a benign fibroproliferative skin disease, which lacks the ideal treatment and drugs. Ellagic acid (EA) is a natural polyphenol that prevents fibroblasts from proliferating and migrating. This study aimed to determine the role of EA in HS formation and its possible mechanism by in vitro experiments. HS fibroblasts (HSFs) and normal fibroblasts (NFs) were separated from HS tissue and normal skin tissue, respectively. HSFs were treated with 10 and 50 µM EA to assess their effect on HS formation. In particular, 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and scratch assay were used to detect the viability and migration ability of HSFs. Quantitative reverse transcriptase real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to measure the mRNA expression level of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), extracellular matrix (ECM)-related gene collagen-I (COL-I), and fibronectin 1 (FN1) in HSFs. Finally, Western blot was utilized to measure the expression level of TGF-ß/Smad signaling pathway-related proteins in HSFs. The viability of HSFs was significantly increased compared with NFs. 10 and 50 µM EA treatment markedly inhibition the cell viability and migration of HSFs. EA treatment upregulated the bFGF expression level and downregulated the COL-I and FN1 expression level in HSFs. In addition, p-Smad2, p-Smad3, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-ß1 expression levels as well as p-Smad2/Smad2 and p-Smad3/Smad3 ratios remarkably decreased in HSFs after EA treatment. EA inhibited the formation of HSs by suppressing the viability and migration of HSFs and ECM deposition as well as by preventing the activation of TGF-ß/Smad signaling.

Design and synthesis of Ag NPs/chitosan-starch nano-biocomposite as a modern anti-human malignant melanoma drug.

In recent years, the unprecedented increase in various cancers such as melanoma has caused researchers to focus more on the formulation of newer drugs with less side effects. In this study, we herein indicate the biogenic nanoarchitechtonics of Ag NPs template over chitosan/starch mixed hydrogel having notable reducing potential and anti-malignant melanoma effects. The two biopolymers also could stabilize as-synthesized Ag NPs. Physicochemical features of the material were further characterized over a range of advanced methods like X-ray diffraction (XRD), elemental mapping, dynamic light scattering (DLS), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). TEM analysis showed the spherical-shaped nanocomposite with the mean diameter in the range of 5-15 nm. Thereafter, the nanocomposite was exploited in the anti-malignant melanoma and cytotoxicity effects studies against various human malignant melanoma cell lines (HT144, RPMI7951, SKMEL2, UACC3074, WM266-4 and MUM2C) in situ. The bio-composite corresponding IC50 values were 193, 102, 227, 250, 301, and 203 µg/mL against MUM2C, WM266-4, UACC3074, SKMEL2, RPMI7951, and HT144 cell lines, respectively. A significantly high IC50 value offered an excellent antioxidant capacity of bio-composite. According to the above results, Ag NPs/CS-Starch nanomaterial can be utilized as an efficient drug to treat malignant melanoma in humans after doing clinical trial studies.

Efficacy of Human-Recombinant Epidermal Growth Factor Combined with Povidone-Iodine for Pressure Ulcers and Its Influence on Inflammatory Cytokines.

Purpose: To determine the clinical efficacy of recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rh-EGF) combined with povidone-iodine (PVI) on patients with pressure ulcers (PUs). Methods: One hundred and five PU patients treated between January 2018 and January 2021 were enrolled and retrospectively analyzed. Of them, 50 patients who received conventional treatment were assigned to the control group (Con group), while 55 patients treated with rh-EGF combined with PVI were assigned to the observation group (Obs group). The two groups were compared in clinical efficacy, PU alleviation (total area reduction rate, total depth reduction rate, and total volume reduction rate), healing time, pain degree (Visual Analog Scale [VAS] score), inflammatory indexes (interleukin-8 [IL-8], tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α], and hypersensitive C reactive protein [hs-CRP]), and hydroxyproline content in the wound. Results: The Obs group yielded a higher total effective rate than the Con group (P < 0.05). The Obs group also experienced statistically shorter healing time and milder pain, with better PU alleviation and lower levels of inflammation indexes compared with the Con group (all P < 0.05). In addition, a higher hydroxyproline content in the wound was found in the Obs group. Conclusions: All in all, rh-EGF combined with PVI has a definite curative effect on patients with PUs. It can promote PU alleviation and hydroxyproline secretion in the wound and inhibit pain and inflammatory reactions, which is worthy of clinical promotion.

[Repair of bedsore over greater trochanter in paraplegic patients with rectus femoris island myocutaneous flap].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of rectus femoris island myocutaneous flap for repairing bedsores in III and IV phases at the femoral greater trochanter area as a result of paraplegia. METHODS: Thirteen paraplegic patients who suffered bedsores in III and IV phases at the greater trochanter of femur area were hospitalized from July 2009 to June 2013. The bedsores ranged from 4.5 cm×4.0 cm to 10.0 cm× 9.0 cm in area. After debridement, the size of soft tissue defect ranged from 5.0 cm×4.5 cm to 10.5 cm×10.0 cm. Rectus femoris island myocutaneous flaps were used to repair these defects, with flap area ranging from 5.0 cm×5.0 cm to 11.0 cm×10.0 cm and muscular pedicle length ranging from 8 to 12 cm. The donor sites of muscular pedicle were closed by direct suture, while those resulted from forming myocutaneous flap were closed by the transplantation of autologous skin obtained from thigh. RESULTS: Necrosis appeared at the edge of myocutaneous flap in one patient, and it was healed after dressing change. The other 12 myocutaneous flaps survived well. Patients were followed up for 2 to 30 months, and bedsore did not recur. CONCLUSIONS: Rectus femoris island myocutaneous flap, with characteristics of reasonable design, large donor area, big rotation angle, and with wear-, tear-, and pressure-resistance, is suitable for repairing bedsores at III and IV phases at the greater trochanter of femur area in paraplegic patients.