Development of a diagnostic model for pre-washout screening of primary aldosteronism.

PURPOSE: Primary aldosteronism (PA) diagnosis is affected by antihypertensive drugs that are commonly taken by patients with suspected PA. In this study, we developed and validated a diagnostic model for screening PA without drug washout. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 1095 patients diagnosed with PA or essential hypertension. Patients were randomly grouped into training and validation sets at a 7:3 ratio. Baseline characteristics, plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC), and direct renin concentration (DRC) before and after drug washout were separately recorded, and the aldosterone-to-renin ratio (ARR) was calculated. RESULTS: PAC and ARR were higher and direct renin concentration was lower in patients with PA than in patients with essential hypertension. Furthermore, the differences in blood potassium and sodium concentrations and hypertension grades between the two groups were significant. Using the abbreviations potassium (P), ARR (A), PAC (P), sodium (S), and hypertension grade 3 (3), the model was named PAPS3. The PAPS3 model had a maximum score of 10, with the cutoff value assigned as 5.5; it showed high sensitivity and specificity for screening PA in patients who exhibit difficulty in tolerating drug washout. CONCLUSION: PA screening remains crucial, and standard guidelines should be followed for patients to tolerate washout. The PAPS3 model offers an alternative to minimize risks and enhance diagnostic efficiency in PA for those facing washout challenges. Despite its high accuracy, further validation of this model is warranted through large-scale clinical studies.

[Technical exploration and early results of two-port total thoracoscopic aortic-mitral double-valve replacement].

Objective: To examine the clinical outcomes of patients undergoing total thoracoscopic aortic-mitral double-valve replacement. Methods: This is a retrospective case series study. The clinical data of 50 patients who underwent double-valve replacement under a total thoracoscopic two-port approach from November 2021 to August 2022 in the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. There were 32 males and 18 females, with an age of (55.3±8.8) years (range: 21 to 62 years). Among them, 36 cases had rheumatic heart disease and 14 cases had infective endocarditis. The 3rd intercostal space between the right anterior axillary line and the midclavicular line was selected as the main operating hole, the total thoracoscopic double-valve replacement were successfully carried out. Baseline data, intraoperative information, surgical outcomes, and postoperative complications were collected for all patients. Results: The cardiopulmonary bypass time was (168.2±30.9) minutes (range: 125 to 187 minutes), the aortic cross-clamping time was (118.8±16.5) minutes (range: 96 to 147 minutes). Five patients received bioprosthetic valves, and 45 received mechanical prosthetic valves. Postoperative mechanical ventilation lasted (9.6±3.4) hours (range: 5.1 to 14.2 hours), the ICU stay was (24.8±7.3) hours (range: 16.3 to 30.1 hours), and the postoperative hospital stay was (6.5±1.2) days (range: 5.0 to 8.0 days). Four patients received red blood cell transfusions of (2.7±0.9) units (range: 2 to 4 units), and the postoperative chest drainage volume was (222.1±56.3) ml (range: 175 to 289 ml). No deaths occurred intraoperatively or in the early postoperative period. One patient required reoperation due to bleeding in the aortic incision. Three patients had mild to moderate paravalvular leakage around the prosthetic aortic valve, with no cases of third-degree atrioventricular block or conversions to median sternotomy. Conclusions: The early outcomes of total thoracoscopic double valve replacement surgery are satisfactory, demonstrating safety and efficacy. This surgical approach expands the scope of total thoracoscopic cardiac surgery, which warrants further investigation and research.

Surgical Treatments for Femoral Shaft Fractures: A Narrative Review.

Femoral shaft fractures are increasingly common due to various traumatic injuries. Intramedullary nail (IMN) is considered the gold standard treatment for these fractures, but comorbidities often require thorough trauma life support and intensive care. The primary goal of treatment is rigid fixation, early mobilisation, and long-term functional recovery. This article reviews current concepts in the treatment of femoral shaft fractures, including the effects of early or delayed operation, differences between antegrade or retrograde intramedullary nailing, alternative methods to using a fracture table, methods to predict nail length before operation, assessing femoral rotation during an operation, and complications.

[Establishment of a nomogram prediction model using common preoperative indicators for early weight loss after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy].

Objectives: To construct a nomogram prediction model using common preoperative indicators for early weight loss (EWL) 1 year after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). Methods: Relevant data of obese patients who had undergone LSG from January 2015 to May 2022 in Fujian Medical University Union Hospital and Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated Fujian Medical University were analyzed. Patients with a history of major abdominal surgery, severe gastroesophageal reflux disease, pregnancy within 1 year after surgery, or who were lost to follow-up were excluded, resulting in a total of 200 patients in the study (190 from Fujian Medical University Union Hospital and 10 from Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated Fujian Medical University). The participants were 51 men and 149 women of a mean age 29.9±8.2 years and a body mass index (BMI) 38.7±6.5 kg/m2. All patients in this group underwent standardized LSG procedure. Achieving ideal weight (BMI≤25 kg/m2) 1 year after LSG was defined as goal of EWL. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors that independently influenced EWL. These factors were incorporated into the nomogram model. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves (the larger the area under the curve [AUC], the better the predictive ability and accuracy of the model), likelihood ratio test (higher likelihood ratio indicates greater model homogeneity), decision curve analysis (higher net benefit indicates a better model), Akaike information criterion (AIC; smaller AIC indicates a better model), and Bayesian information criterion (BIC; smaller BIC indicates a better model) were used to validate the predictive ability of the column line diagram model. Results: In this study of 200 obese patients who underwent LSG surgery, 136 achieved EWL goal, whereas the remaining 64 did not. The rate of EWL goal achievement of the entire group was 68.0%. Compared with patients who did not achieve EWL goal, those who did had lower BMI, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, triglycerides, and higher cholesterol. Additionally, the proportion of female was higher and the proportions of patients with fatty liver and hypertension lower in those who achieved EWL goal (all P<0.05). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that preoperative BMI (OR=0.852, 95%CI: 0.796-0.912, P<0.001), alanine transaminase (OR=0.992, 95%CI: 0.985-0.999, P=0.024), presence of fatty liver (OR=0.185, 95%CI: 0.038-0.887, P=0.035) and hypertension (OR=0.374, 95%CI: 0.144-0.969, P=0.043) were independently associated with failure to achieve EWL goal. Cholesterol (OR=1.428, 95%CI: 1.052-1.939, P=0.022) was independently associated with achieving EWL goal. We used the above variables to establish an EWL nomogram model. ROC analysis, the likelihood ratio test, decision curve analysis, and AIC all revealed that the predictive value of the model was better than that of BMI alone (nomogram model vs. BMI: area under the curve 0.840 vs. 0.798, P=0.047; likelihood ratio: 58.785 vs. 36.565, AIC: 193.066 vs. 207.063, BIC: 212.856 vs. 213.660). Conclusion: Our predictive model is more accurate in predicting EWL after LSG compared with using BMI.

[Methylation of p16 gene and reduced expression of p16 protein in insulinoma associated with clinicopathological features].

Objective: To study the alterations of p16 gene and its expression in insulinoma and to correlate the findings with clinicopathological characteristics. Methods: Expression of p16 protein was detected in 72 insulinomas and 49 para-tumoral or normal pancreatic tissues by immunohistochemical staining. Genomic DNA was isolated from 32 tumor tissue and 17 paired pancreatic tissues and bisulfite-modified. Promoter methylation status of p16 gene was detected in 32 tumor tissue and 17 paired pancreatic tissues by methylation specific PCR. The findings were correlated with the clinicopathological features. Results: There were 30 males and 42 females in all 72 patients, aged (46.5±14.0) years. Loss or reduced expression of p16 protein was found in 42 of 72 insulinomas (58.3%) while loss or reduced expression of p16 was seen in only 34.7% (17/49) of para-tumoral or normal pancreatic tissues (χ²=6.52, P=0.011). Promoter methylation of p16 gene was found in 13 of 32 insulinomas (40.6%) and only 2 of 17 (11.8%) para-tumoral tissues (χ²=4.35, P=0.037). The expression of p16 protein in insulinoma was not associated with clinicopathological features such as gender, age, tumor size and tumor grade. Conclusions: Loss or reduced expression of p16 protein was found in insulinomas, and associated with p16 gene promoter methylation.

[Clinical characteristics and prognostic risk factors analysis of carbapenem-resistant organism in the department of hematology].

Objective: To study the distribution and drug resistance of Carbapenem-Resistant Organism (CRO) and to analysis the risk factors of CRO 30-day mortality. Methods: A total of 181 patients with CRO infection diagnosed in Department of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital from January 2018 to June 2020 were retrospectively investigated. The clinical and laboratory data of the patients were collected, the prognosis of patients diagnosed with CRO infection in day 30 was followed up, and the risk factors of prognosis were analyzed. The clinical significance of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) active screening was further evaluated in the CRE subgroup. Results: Among the total of 181 CRO isolates, 47.2% were CRE, 37.0% were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and 32.6% were Klebsiella pneumoniae, which were highly resistant to carbapenem and had high MIC value, 76.8% (139/181) of CRO were MIC of imipenem resistance≥16 µg/ml. The main sources of isolates were blood and sputum. The 30-day all-cause mortality rates of patients with CRO or CRE infection were (41.4±3.7) % and (44.7±5.4) %, respectively. The COX multivariate regression analysis showed that the level of procalcitonin >0.2 ng/ml and the MIC value of imipenem resistance ≥ 16 µg/ml were independent risk factors for 30-day mortality of CRO infected patients. The CRE subgroup analysis showed that MIC value of imipenem resistance ≥16 µg/ml were independent risk factors for 30-day mortality of CRE infected patients. The 30-day cumulative survival rate of patients with CRE active screening was higher than the patients without CRE active screening [ (68.0±9.3) % vs (50.0±6.5) %, P=0.21]. Conclusion: The high MIC value of imipenem resistance isolates seriously affects the prognosis of patients with CRO infection in the hematology department, and the mortality rate was high. CRE active screening is expected for early prevention, early diagnosis, and early treatment for high-risk patients.

[Characteristics of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma immune microenvironment and related immunotherapy strategies].

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is one of the common malignant tumors of the digestive tract. It has the characteristics of strong occlusion, aggressiveness, easy metastasis, and resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Therefore, its five-year survival rate is extremely low, with a rate of less than 8%. Looking for a new treatment is an urgent need to improve the prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. In recent years, a large number of clinical trials have been carried out, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies to important antigens, and immune cell therapy. However, it is disappointing that no satisfactory clinical benefits have been achieved. The special microenvironment of pancreatic cancer nests makes immunotherapy not as effective as other malignant tumors. This article introduces the characteristics of the suppressive immune microenvironment of pancreatic cancer and the latest clinical studies of different types of immunotherapy at home and abroad, and analyzes the mechanisms and potentials of combined treatment based on the characteristics of the immune microenvironment.

TGFß1I1 suppressed cell migration and invasion in colorectal cancer by inhibiting the TGF-ß pathway and EMT progress.

OBJECTIVE: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth leading cause of death worldwide and there is a need for more specific therapeutic targets and biomarkers for the disease. Transforming growth factor ß1-induced transcript 1 (TGFΒ1I1) was reported to be downregulated in CRC tissues; however, the precise roles of TGFΒ1I1 in CRC remain unclear. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The expression of TGFΒ1I1 in CRC cell lines and tissues was assessed by quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR). TGFΒ1I1 was overexpressed in SW620 and RKO cells. Cell viability was analyzed by a CCK-8 assay. The proportion of apoptotic cells was analyzed by flow cytometry. The EdU cell proliferation assay of SW620 and RKO cells after transfection was performed via flow cytometry. The migration potency of SW620 and RKO cells was analyzed using a cell migration assay. A wound healing assay was performed to assess the migration potency of SW620 and RKO cells. The invasion potency of SW620 and RKO cells after TGFΒ1I1 overexpression was analyzed. The protein levels of VEGF, TGF-ß, MMP9, p-Smad2/3, N-cadherin, and E-cadherin were analyzed by Western blot. RESULTS: Decreased expression of TGFΒ1I1 was found in CRC tissues and cell lines. Overexpression of TGFΒ1I1 inhibited the proliferation and induced the apoptosis of CRC cells. The overexpression of TGFΒ1I1 inhibited the migration and invasion of CRC cells. We also found that the overexpression of TGFΒ1I1 in CRC cells inhibited the TGF-ß pathway and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) progress. CONCLUSIONS: TGFΒ1I1 suppressed cell migration and invasion in CRC by inhibiting the TGF-ß pathway and EMT progress.

[Autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for POEMS syndrome].

Six patients with POEMS syndrome who received autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (auto-PBSCT) were retrospectively analyzed. Conditioning regimen was high dose melphalan. Peripheral blood stem cells were collected after mobilization with cyclophosphamide (CTX) and growth factors. One patient presenting hydrothorax and ascites was treated with 3 cycles of lenalidomide and dexamethasone before mobilization. Auto-PBSCT was fairly tolerable. Hematopoietic reconstitution was successful in all patients without transplantation-related mortality. A decrease or normalization of serum vascular epithelial growth factor (VEGF) was observed in all patients at 3 months after transplantation. The neurological remission was seen in 5/6 patients.

[Association between platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio with disease activity in Takayasu arteritis patients].

Objective: To explore the relation between platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) or neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) with disease activity in Takayasu arteritis (TA) patients. Methods: Present retrospective study involved 289 patients with TA, who were hospitalized in our department between January 2010 and October 2017, and 280 age and gender matched healthy controls,who underwent thealth examination in our health examination center during the same period (control group). TA patients were further divided into active and inactive groups (180 and 109 cases respectively) according to Kerr scores. The clinical data were compared between groups. Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between PLR or NLR and disease activity (Kerr score or C-reactive protein or erythrocyte sedimentation rate). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was employed to judge the cut-off value of disease activity for TA patients. Results: PLR and NLR were significantly higher in TA group than in control group(137.33 (97.38, 193.37) vs. 120.55 (96.86, 144.60) and 2.38 (1.76, 3.57) vs. 1.66 (1.35, 2.08) , respectively, all P<0.001). PLR and NLR were significantly higher in active TA group than in inactive TA group (163.43 (123.64, 224.15) vs. 110.53 (84.22, 147.24) and 2.59 (1.96, 3.94) vs. 1.95 (1.53, 2.86) respectively, all P<0.001). PLR and NLR of active group were significantly decreased after 6 months treatment (164.05 (123.29, 226.29) vs. 104.67 (77.22, 138.43) and 2.58 (1.96, 3.91) vs. 2.15 (1.67, 2.60) respectively, all P<0.001). PLR was positively correlated with Kerr score (r=0.439, P<0.001), C-reactive protein (r=0.328, P<0.001) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (r=0.410, P<0.001). NLR also exhibited a positive relationship with Kerr score (r=0.235, P<0.001), C-reactive protein (r=0.169, P=0.005) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (r=0.123, P=0.037). A PLR level of 176.709 was shown to be the best predictive cut-off value for TA disease activity (sensitivity 44.6%, specificity 93.0%, and area under the curve=0.766).A NLR level of 2.128 was shown to be the best predictive cut-off value for TA disease activity (sensitivity 70.9%, specificity 47.7%, and area under the curve=0.691). Conclusion: PLR and NLR are useful markers for predicting disease activity of TA patients.

[Efficiency of DA-EPOCH and MA chemotherapy in the mobilization of autologous peripheral blood stem cells in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma].

Objective: To study the effect and safety of the DA-EPOCH chemotherapy combined with G-CSF and the MA chemotherapy combined with G-CSF on mobilizing and collecting the peripheral blood stem cells and the later hematopoietic recovery. Methods: A total of 40 patients accepted mobilization and collection of peripheral blood stem cells(PBSC) after being treated by DA-EPOCH+ G-CSF and MA+ G-CSF therapy respectively, and performed auto-transfusion. The effect of mobilization, the adverse effects and the hematopoietic recovery after autologous transplantation were analyzed retrospectively. Results: Two cases in DA-EPOCH group and 1 case in MA group did not achieve the collection goal and required a G-CSF mobilization therapy again. During the DA-EPOCH mobilization therapy, the lowest median WBC was[0.7(0.5, 0.9)]×10(9)/L and the median lowest platelet (PLT) count was[75.0 (53.0, 107.0)]×10(9)/L.Low-grade fever occurred in 7 cases (37.5-38.3 ℃) and platelet transfusion was required in 2 cases. The collection of MNC number was (5.8±1.8)×10(8)/kg, and the median CD34(+) cell number was[3.7(2.8, 6.7)]×10(6)/kg; for the MA therapy groups, the numbers were[0.4 (0.2, 0.9)]×10(9)/L and[12.0 (6.0, 16.0)]×10(9)/L, respectively. High fever occurred in 8 cases (above 39 ℃). PLT transfusion was required in 15 cases and red blood cell(RBC) transfusion in 4 cases. The collected number of MNC was (6.0±2.9)×10(8)/kg, and CD34(+) median cell number was[8.5(2.6, 11.2)]×10(6)/kg. There are significant differences between the lowest PLT counts and CD34(+) cell numbers in the two groups of patients(P<0.05). A peripheral blood leukocyte increase in 10(9, 11) days and platelet implantation in 12(11, 16) days were observed after ASCT by DA-EPOCH therapy. In MA group, the number were 10(9, 11) and 12(11, 15) days. The hematopoietic recovery in both groups were successful, without any statistically difference(P>0.05). No death occurred during the process of transplantation. Conclusions: DA-EPOCH and MA chemotherapy could effectively mobilize the peripheral blood stem cells in suitable NHL patients.DA-EPOCH chemotherapy was higher in safety and lower in price, and required less transfusion compared with MA therapy.

[The expression and significance of CD(276) and CD(133) in colorectal cancer and precancerous lesions].

In order to study the significance of CD(276) and CD(133) in the development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC), the expression of CD(276) and CD(133) was detected by immunohistochemistry in CRC and precancerous lesions. The results showed that the intensity of CD(276) and CD(133) in CRC samples was higher than that in adenoma group and non-adenoma group. CD(276) and CD(133) single and double positive expression were significantly correlated with CRC lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis and survival. CD(276) and CD(133) are significantly correlated to the development and progression of CRC and associated with poor prognosis.

Combined detection of uMCP-1 and uTWEAK for rapid discrimination of severe lupus nephritis.

Reliable markers for the rapid discrimination of severe renal damage remain a vital concern for lupus nephritis (LN). To determine a better tool for kidney damage detection, the present study compared the evaluation ability of novel urinary cytokines and chemokines (namely urinary monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (uMCP-1), tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (uTWEAK)) with traditional serum or urinary markers (namely urinary alpha 1-microgrobulin (uα1-MG), beta 2-microglobulin (uß2-MG) and serum complement C3 (C3), complement C4 (C4), creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and cystatin C (Cys C)) in discriminating LN renal damage. Correlations between markers with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) renal SLEDAI scores, biopsy activity index (BAI) and biopsy chronicity index (BCI) scores were evaluated. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to evaluate a single or combined model in discriminating active renal involvement (rSLEDAI scores > 0) and patients with poor pathological outcome (BAI scores ≥ 7). uMCP-1 and uTWEAK possess higher correlation coefficients with renal damage and larger areas under ROC curves (AUCs) than other markers. A combined model of uMCP-1 and uTWEAK showed an AUC of 0.887, sensitivity of 86.67% and specificity of 80.00% to discriminate active LN, and an AUC of 0.778, sensitivity of 75.00% and specificity of 81.82% to discriminate LN with poor outcome, which are better than the utility of any markers individually.

25-hydroxyvitamin D is associated with metabolic syndrome among premenopausal women with systemic lupus erythematosus in China.

Objectives This study aimed to investigate the status of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and its association with metabolic syndrome (MS) and different MS components among premenopausal women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in China. Patients and methods Altogether 113 premenopausal women with SLE and the age-matched healthy cohorts were recruited in this cross-sectional study. Clinical manifestations and laboratory data including serum 25(OH)D concentration were collected. A multivariable analysis was performed to analyze the association of 25(OH)D with MS and its components. Results The prevalence of 25(OH)D deficiency (25(OH)D < 20 ng/ml) and MS were common (24.8% and 30.1%, respectively) in premenopausal patients with SLE in China. Analysis of the association between 25(OH)D, MS and its components demonstrated that the lower level of 25(OH)D was associated with increased MS prevalence (OR = 0.920, p = 0.012), a decreased level of high-density lipoprotein (OR = 1.059, p = 0.033) and a higher level of fasting glucose (OR = 0.810, p = 0.004). These associations were still detectible after adjustment for age, body mass index and SLE-related variables. Conclusion The level of 25(OH)D is associated with MS and its components in premenopausal women with SLE.

Severe vitamin D deficiency increases the risk for moderate to severe disease activity in Chinese patients with SLE.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Chinese lupus patients and to assess the association between vitamin D levels and disease severity. METHODS: Serum levels of 25OHD3 in 121 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and 150 healthy controls were measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Data regarding demographics and clinical parameters were collected. Disease activity of SLE was evaluated according to the SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) score and irreversible organ damage by the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinic/American College of Rheumatology, SLICC/ACR Damage Index (SDI). The multivariate logistic regression model was used to investigate the association between the degree of vitamin D deficiency and SLEDAI or SDI scores. RESULTS: The prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency (25OHD3 <30 ng/ml) and severe deficiency (25OHD3 <10 ng/ml) in SLE patients was 62.81% and 34.71%, respectively. Logistic regression analysis indicated that the cut-off point of 25OHD3 concentration was 10 ng/ml where its level was correlated with increased SLEDAI (OR 6.420, p = 0.006), but not with the SDI. In addition, hydroxychloroquine treatment lowered the SLEDAI increased by the severe 25OHD3 deficiency (OR 0.280, p = 0.008). Moreover, long disease duration (OR 1.014, p = 0.008) predicted moderate to severe organ damage. CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in patients with SLE. Severe deficiency increases the risk for moderate to severe disease activity, but not for organ damage.

[Clinical characteristics and prognosis in 12 patients with adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma confirmed by HTLV-1 provirus gene detection].

Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics and prognosis of adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). Methods: Peripheral blood samples from patients who were suspected as ATLL from March, 2013 to July, 2015, were collected for HTLV-1 provirus genes detection in genomic DNA extraction by PCR. Cases showing positive results were confirmed as ATLL. Clinical and laboratory characteristics, therapeutic outcomes and survival evaluation were collected. Results: 12 out of 23 suspected patients were confirmedly diagnosed as ATLL through HTLV-1 provirus genes detection by PCR. Eight patients were male and four patients were female. Median age was 51 (range 28-66) years old. All of those patients came from coastal cities of Fujian province where a HTLV-1 epidemic area locates. In the subtype classification of these 12 ATLL, 11 patients were classified as acute type and one case as lymphoma type ATLL. As one of the clinical characteristics of ATLL, ' flower cells ', with typical or atypical morphology had been observed in a high rate (81.8%). Clinical symptom such as hepatomegaly, splenomegaly and lymphadenectasis were detected in most of patients, and hypercalcemia and elevated LDH were also noted commonly. The ATLL cells immunophenotype were typical, and the major subtype was CD4+ CD8- type. Confection of hepatitis B virus was detected in a high rate (54.5%). Ten patients received chemotherapy, and 2 cases in complete remission after chemotherapy received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. At the end of the follow-up, 7 cases died, 4 cases survived, 1 case was lost, and the median survival was 2.8 (0.9-10.8) months. We found a case had HTLV-1 provirus negative after transplantation. Conclusion: In the coastal area of Fujian Province, ATLL is not rare. Characteristics of those ATLL are typical. But prognosis is still unsatisfactory.

Screening for genes that are differentially-expressed between gastric cancer cells and gastric tumor sphere cells using the gene chip technique.

The purpose of this study was to screen for genes that were differentially expressed between a human gastric carcinoma cell line (HGC-27) and their tumor spheres, using the gene chip technique. The HGC-27 cells and tumor sphere cells were cultured in vitro in a sterile environment. Total RNA was extracted from both samples and purified using a standard TRIzol reagent. Total RNA was then hybridized onto a GeneChip, according to the standard protocols provided by the manufacturers of the GeneChip IVT Express Kit. The resulting fluorescence signals were analyzed and displayed using the Cluster and Treeview software programs. Under the criteria for significant differential expression (≥2-fold difference), 610 up- and 1135 down-regulated genes were identified in tumor sphere cells, compared to HCG-27 cells. These genes were involved in cell growth, signal transduction, tumorigenesis, and many other functional aspects of tumor cells. In conclusion, a number of genes were differentially expressed in tumor sphere cells compared to HCG-27 cells. In addition, we identified a close correlation between tumor sphere cells and tumorigenesis.