RESUMO
Bladder cancer(BC) is one of the most prevalent cancers in the urinary tract, with high recurrence and fatality rates. Research indicates that go-ichi-ni-san complex subunit 1 (GINS1) crucially influences cancer progression by regulating DNA replication through cell cycle modulation. Thus, suppressing the active proliferation of cells in tumor tissues may require silencing GINS1. However, the consequences of GINS1 in bladder cancer aren't to be determined. In this paper, we examine the role and mechanism of GINS1 in the development of bladder cancer. GINS1 expression levels and prognostic relevance in bladder cancer were validated using Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. The influence of GINS1 on bladder cancer was investigated using a variety of approaches, including cell transfection, cell counts, transwell migrations, colony formation, and flow cytometry. Immunohistochemistry studies demonstrate that GINS1 expression is increased in bladder cancer tissues. GINS1 silencing resulted in an arrest of the cell cycle at the phase of G0/G1, which inhibited BC cell growth both in vitro and in vivo. GINS1 knockdown also hindered the AKT/mTOR pathway. Furthermore, increased GINS1 expression affects the cell cycle and stimulates the AKT/mTOR pathway, allowing BC to develop more quickly. Consequently, GINS1 occurs as a latent therapeutic target, particularly for individuals with BC.
Assuntos
Proliferação de Células , Proteínas Cromossômicas não Histona , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt , Transdução de Sinais , Serina-Treonina Quinases TOR , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/patologia , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/genética , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/metabolismo , Humanos , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/genética , Serina-Treonina Quinases TOR/metabolismo , Serina-Treonina Quinases TOR/genética , Proteínas Cromossômicas não Histona/metabolismo , Proteínas Cromossômicas não Histona/genética , Proliferação de Células/genética , Animais , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-myc/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-myc/genética , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Camundongos , Progressão da Doença , Camundongos Nus , Masculino , Feminino , Prognóstico , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Proteínas de Ligação a DNARESUMO
PURPOSE: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of single and multiple fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) tests for upper urinary tract cancer (UTUC), we analyzed the diagnostic efficacy of FISH in patients with UTUC and the difference between it and the Tumor Node Metastasis (TNM) stage and grade of the tumor. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients treated for UTUC at our institution between 2011 and 2021 who had not been previously diagnosed with UTUC were included. Patients were divided into single, two, and multiple (three times or four times) FISH groups based on the number of FISH tests performed on different samples from the same patient, and the diagnostic efficiency of single, two, and multiple FISH tests for muscle-invasive tumors and highgrade tumors were assessed. RESULTS: We included a total of 207 patients with UTUC, and when compared to single FISH, the sensitivity of multiple and double FISH for the diagnosis of UTUC increased from 62% to 76% and 78%, respectively. It went from 67% to 78% and 80% for muscle-invasive UTUC (> = pT2) and from 71% to 79% and 81% for the highest- grade UTUC. CONCLUSION: Multiple FISH improves the diagnostic efficacy of UTUC and helps to differentiate aggressive tumors.