Initiator-Activation Strategy-Enabled Organocatalyzed Reversible-Deactivation Radical Polymerization Driven by Light.

Organocatalyzed reversible-deactivation radical polymerizations (RDRPs) are attractive for many applications. Here, we developed photoredox-mediated RDRP by activating (hetero)aryl sulfonyl chloride (ArSO2 Cl) initiators with pyridines and designing a novel bis(phenothiazine)arene catalyst. The in situ formed sulfonyl pyridinium intermediates effectively promote controlled chain-growth from ArSO2 Cl, enabling access to various well-defined polymers with high initiation efficiencies and controlled dispersities under mild conditions. This versatile method allows "ON/OFF" temporal control, chain-extension, facile synthesis of different polymer brushes via organocatalyzed grafting reactions from linear chains. Time-resolved fluorescence decay studies and calculations support the reaction mechanism. This work provides a transition-metal-free RDRP to tailor polymers with readily available aromatic initiators, and will promote the design of polymerization leveraged from photoredox catalysis.

The Application of the Omaha System in Community Rehabilitation Nursing for Patients With Stroke and Previous Falls.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the use of the Omaha System in rehabilitation and nursing methods and the effects on patients within the community who had experienced stroke and previous falls. Methods: This study enrolled 42 patients who had experienced stroke and previous falls and had returned to the community after being discharged from the Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation of the Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from January to July 2018. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: an experimental group (n = 21) and a control group (n = 21). Patients in the control group received routine community rehabilitation care, and patients in the experimental group received community rehabilitation care on the basis of the Omaha System. Intervention lasted for 1 year. The Omaha outcome score, the ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL) (measured via the Modified Barthel Index [MBI]), and the incidence of falls for each group were compared before and after the intervention. Results: After 1 year of intervention, the Omaha outcome score and MBI of both groups were higher than before; the Omaha outcome score and MBI of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group; the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). No fall occurred in either of the two groups. Conclusion: The Omaha System can comprehensively evaluate the health problems of patients, guide nursing intervention, and quantitatively evaluate the effect of nursing intervention; it is therefore worthy of promotion.

Clinicians' Perspectives About the Feasibility and Effectiveness of Using Telemedicine in First Aid: A Qualitative Study.

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated clinicians' perspectives on the feasibility and effectiveness of using telemedicine in the context of providing first aid. It is crucial to identify and explore clinicians' attitudes and awareness of tele-first-aid in China to keep pace with ongoing global trends. DESIGN: This was a qualitative study. Data gathered from in-depth interviews with 22 clinicians were coded into themes and analyzed. PARTICIPANTS: Participants included hospital-based clinicians: four clinical specialists, eight emergency nurses, four emergency doctors, three general practitioners, and three clinical administrators. SETTING: The study was conducted in university-affiliated hospitals. RESULTS: All clinicians who were invited to participate believed that the use of telemedicine in first aid was promising and effective. Participants stated that relevant technology should be designed to synergize the chain of existing platforms in the industry and that it should be determined who has the authority to utilize such technology and how it should be used to achieve the sought-after benefits. The use of such technology refreshes the role of clinicians and their relationship with patients. Additionally, participants believed that the government could play an important role especially in the reform of medical systems. CONCLUSION: Telemedicine can facilitate the provision of conventional first aid and systematically exploit existing resources due to its feasibility and effectiveness. The social benefits of using tele-first-aid in clinical and community applications, especially when used in coordination with existing resources, make its adoption an inevitable trend in the field.

LncRNA FOXC2 antisense transcript accelerates non-small-cell lung cancer tumorigenesis via silencing p15.

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been demonstrated to modulate the oncogenesis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), especially the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). However, the role of lncRNA FOXC2-AS1 in the NSCLC is still unclear. In this research, we find that lncRNA FOXC2-AS1 is involved to NSCLC oncogenesis. The ectopic high-expression level of FOXC2-AS1 is closely correlated with the limited NSCLC patients' survival. In the functional experiments, the knockdown of FOXC2-AS1 dramatically suppressed the NSCLC cells' (A549, H460) proliferation, accelerated the apoptosis and induced the cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase. Mechanistic experiments revealed that FOXC2-AS1 repressed the p15 expression via recruiting the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) to the promoter of p15. The interaction within FOXC2-AS1 and p15 was validated using the rescue experiments. In conclusion, the results in this work confirmed that FOXC2-AS1 could aggravate NSCLC oncogenesis through repressing p15 expression via interacting EZH2, which provide new idea for the NSCLC therapeutic strategy.

[Effects of total flavones of Chrysanthemum indicum on proliferation and apoptosis of human osteosarcoma Saos-2 cells].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of total flavones of Chrysanthemum indicum on proliferation and apoptosis of human osteosarcoma Saos-2 cells and its mechanism. METHODS: The effect of the total flavones of Chrysanthemum indicum on the proliferation of human osteosarcoma Saos-2 cells was detected by CCK assay, and the morphological changes of cells treated with total flavones of Chrysanthemum indicum were observed using contrast microscope. Flow cytomerty was performed to analyze the apoptotic rate of the cells, and the gene expression levels of Caspase-3, BCL-2, BAX were detected by RT-PCR. RESULTS: The total flavones of Chrysanthemum indicum suppressed the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner. Under a microscope observation of cell morphology, the volume became smaller ,the number of internal particles was increased. Cell apoptosis rate was positively related to the drug concentration. After treated for 48 hours, Caspase-3 and BAX expression were up-regulated, BCL-2 and BCL-2/BAX were decreased. CONCLUSION: The total flavones of Chrysanthemum indicum can inhibit the proliferation of osteosarcoma cell line Saos-2 by inducing cell apoptosis,the mechanism of which might be related with reducing BCL-2/BAX and activating Caspase-3.