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Increasing evidences suggest that type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is closely related to gut microflora dysbiosis, which can be improved by dietary intervention. Four natural plant products, including Cyclocarya paliurus, Fu brick tea, Ampelopsis grossedentata, and Lithocarpus litseifolius, were blended to form a blended tea product for obtaining the better flavor. The blended tea was also expected to have excellent pharmacological activity. Therefore, the ameliorative effect of blended tea on T2DM and underlying mechanisms were studied in this study. The results showed that the blended tea extract effectively attenuated the symptoms of glucose and lipid metabolism-related disorders in T2DM mice fed by high-fat and high-sucrose diet. Furthermore, blended tea extract intervention significantly attenuated gut microbiota dysbiosis, the abundance of bacteria such as Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, which aid in the hydrolysis and utilization of carbohydrates, significantly increased, while the abundance of pathogenic bacteria such as Proteobacteria significantly decreased. Certain core microorganisms involved in energy metabolism, including Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005, Butyricimonas, Roseburia, Oscillibacter, [Eubacterium]_nodatum_group, Muribaculaceae, Prevotellaceae UCG 001, were also found to be improved by blended tea extract. Collectively, our results demonstrated that the blended tea may ameliorate T2DM through modulation of gut microflora. The blended tea may serve as novel functional drink for the treatment of T2DM and dysbiosis of gut microbiota.
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Modulation of immune microenvironment is critical for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) intervention. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), as a natural low toxicity product, has shown promise in treating IBD. However, whether and how EGCG regulates the intestinal microenvironment is not fully understood. Here we report that EGCG lessens colitis by orchestrating Th1 polarization and self-amplification in a novel manner that required multilevel-regulated intestinal microecosystem. Mechanistically, EGCG activates GPR43 on IEC to inhibit Th1 polarization dependently of short chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing gut microbiota. Inhibition of GPR43 activity weakens the protective effects of EGCG on colitis development. Moreover, we confirm that fecal SCFAs and/or intestinal GPR43 are limited in patients with colitis and are correlated with Th1 cell number. Taken together, our study reveals an intestinal microenvironment-dependent immunoregulatory effects of EGCG in treating IBD and provides insight into mechanisms of EGCG-based novel immunotherapeutic strategies for IBD.
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Catequina , Colite , Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Receptores Acoplados a Proteínas G , Células Th1 , Catequina/análogos & derivados , Catequina/farmacologia , Animais , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/efeitos dos fármacos , Camundongos , Receptores Acoplados a Proteínas G/metabolismo , Receptores Acoplados a Proteínas G/genética , Colite/metabolismo , Colite/tratamento farmacológico , Colite/imunologia , Células Th1/imunologia , Células Th1/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Th1/metabolismo , Humanos , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Ácidos Graxos Voláteis/metabolismo , Mucosa Intestinal/metabolismo , Mucosa Intestinal/imunologia , Mucosa Intestinal/efeitos dos fármacos , Mucosa Intestinal/microbiologiaRESUMO
Tea polyphenols transform under processing methods, but a systematic study on their changes in the same large-leaf tea cultivar is lacking. Here, Camellia sinensis var. assamica cv. Yunkang-10 leaves underwent six processing methods and were assessed using optimized nontargeted (UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS) and targeted (UHPLC-QqQ-MS) polyphenomics, along with molecular networking analysis. 903 and 52 polyphenolic compounds (catechins, flavones and flavonols, and phenolic acids) were respectively relatively and absolutely quantified for the first time. Dark and black teas, with the lowest polyphenol content, differed from the other four tea types, although variations existed among these four teas. However, some flavonol and flavone aglycones (e.g. kaempferol, apigenin), as well as some phenolic acids (e.g. ellagic acid, gallic acid), exhibited higher levels in dark and black teas. Correlations between polyphenolic composition and electronic sensory characteristics were observed using E-tongue and E-eye. This study enriches understanding of polyphenol profiles in Chinese teas post diverse processing.
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High levels of free amino acids (AAs) in tea leaves are crucial for tea flavor and health function; however, the dynamic AA biosynthesis, transport, and turnover in tea plants remain elusive. Here we dissected whole tea plants for these dynamics by assessing AA profiles and transcriptomes of metabolic pathway genes in tea roots, stems, and leaves and revealing their distinctive features with regard to AA synthesis, transport, and degradation/recycling. Nitrogen assimilation dominated in the roots wherein glutamine (Gln), theanine, and arginine (Arg) were actively synthesized. Arg was transported into trunk roots and stems, together with Glu, Gln, and theanine as the major AAs in the xylem sap for long-distance root-to-leaf transport. Transcriptome analysis revealed that genes involved in Arg synthesis were highly expressed in roots, but those for Arg transport and degradation were highly expressed in stems and young leaves, respectively. CsGSIa transcripts were found in root meristem cells, root, stem and leaf vascular tissues, and leaf mesophyll where it appeared to participate in AA synthesis, transport, and recycling. Overexpression of CsGSIa in tea transgenic hairy roots and knockdown of CsGSIa in transgenic hairy roots and tea leaves produced higher and lower Gln and theanine than wild-type roots and leaves, respectively. This study provides comprehensive and new insights into AA metabolism and transport in the whole tea plant.
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In recent years, there has been growing interest in size-transformable nanoplatforms that exhibit active responses to acidic microenvironments, presenting promising prospects in the field of nanomedicine for tumor therapy. However, the design and fabrication of such size-adjustable nanotherapeutics pose significant challenges compared to size-fixed nanocomposites, primarily due to their distinct pH-responsive requirements. In this study, we developed pH-activated-aggregating nanosystems to integrate chemotherapy and photothermal therapy by creating size-transformable nanoparticles based on Prussian blue nanoparticles (PB NPs) anchored with acid-responsive polyoxometalates (POMs) quantum dots via electrostatic interactions (PPP NPs). Subsequently, we utilized doxorubicin (DOX) as a representative drug to formulate PPPD NPs. Notably, PPPD NPs exhibited a significant response to acidic conditions, resulting in changes in surface charge and rapid aggregation of PPP NPs. Furthermore, the aggregated PPP NPs demonstrated excellent photothermal properties under near-infrared laser irradiation. Importantly, PPPD NPs prolonged their retention time in tumor cells via a size-transformation approach. In vitro cellular assays revealed that the anticancer efficacy of PPPD NPs was significantly enhanced. The IC50 values for the PPPD NPs groupand the PPPD NPs + NIR group were 50.11 µg/mL and 30.9 µg/mL. Overall, this study introduces a novel strategy for cancer therapy by developing size-aggregating nano-drugs with stimuli-responsive properties, holding promise for improved therapeutic outcomes in future combination approaches involving photothermal therapy and chemotherapy.
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Doxorrubicina , Ferrocianetos , Nanopartículas , Pontos Quânticos , Ferrocianetos/química , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Doxorrubicina/química , Doxorrubicina/farmacologia , Humanos , Nanopartículas/química , Pontos Quânticos/química , Terapia Fototérmica , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Antineoplásicos/química , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Fototerapia , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias/terapiaRESUMO
Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a pyrotinib-based therapy for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) in the real world. Methods: Clinical data of 218 patients with HER2-positive MBC who received a pyrotinib-based therapy from January 2020 to March 2023 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Finally, 195 patients were included in the efficacy cohort. The median progression-free survival (PFS) in the total population is 12.4 months (95% CI, 9.8-15.0 months). More than half of the patients in the efficacy cohort received pyrotinib mono-targeted therapy (103 cases, 52.8%). Among the remaining patients, 74 (37.9%) patients chose a combined trastuzumab-targeted therapy and 17 (8.7%) chose to combine inetetamab. Median PFS in the pyrotinib group vs pyrotinib plus trastuzumab group was 10.5 months vs 20.1 months (P<0.001). The median PFS of primary trastuzumab resistance population reached to 20.1 months in pyrotinib plus trastuzumab group. Double-targets' advantage was also observed in the brain metastases subgroup (17.9 months vs 10.0 months, P=0.386). The patients who received pyrotinib plus inetetamab as second and higher-line treatment reached a median PFS of 7.9 months (95% CI, 4.0-11.8 months). Forty-one (19.8%) of 207 patients included in the safety cohort experienced grade 3 or higher diarrhea, the most common adverse event in safety analysis, and no adverse event-related deaths. Conclusion: The combination of pyrotinib and trastuzumab demonstrated promising efficacy in the treatment of HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer, including those who had primary resistance to trastuzumab and brain metastases. Pyrotinib plus trastuzumab is expected to be a potent option in the first-line. Additionally, the concurrent administration of pyrotinib and inetetamab could be an alternative to consider in the second and higher-line treatment for metastatic breast cancer. The adverse reactions of pyrotinib were tolerable in general.
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AIMS: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of inflammatory risk as defined by the Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS) for cardiovascular death in patients with diabetes. METHODS: This study included 4956 patients (≥18 years old) with diabetes in the National Health and Nutrition Survey from 1999 to 2010. The mortality rate was determined by the correlation with the national death index on December 31, 2019. The GPS was composed of the serum C-reactive protein and the albumin. The primary outcome was cardiovascular death and the secondary outcome was all-cause death. The Cox proportional risk model adjusted for demographic factors and traditional cardiovascular risk factors was used to analyze the cumulative risk of outcomes. RESULTS: Among 4956 diabetes patients with a median follow-up of 10.9 years, 601 cardiovascular deaths and 2187 all-cause deaths were recorded. After adequate model adjustment, compared with the low GPS group, the high GPS group (HR, 1.257 (1.007-1.570), P = 0.043) had a higher cardiovascular mortality. Compared with the low GPS group, the all-cause mortality of the high GPS group (HR, 1.394 (1.245-1.560), P < 0.001) was higher. The results of subgroup analyses were similar with that of the overall cohort. CONCLUSIONS: The inflammatory risk as defined by the GPS was closely related to the increased risk of cardiovascular and all-cause death in patients with diabetes. It may be a convenient and efficient clinical practical risk assessment tool for patients with diabetes.
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Proteína C-Reativa , Doenças Cardiovasculares , Humanos , Proteína C-Reativa/metabolismo , Proteína C-Reativa/análise , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças Cardiovasculares/mortalidade , Doenças Cardiovasculares/sangue , Idoso , Diabetes Mellitus/sangue , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiologia , Inflamação/sangue , Prognóstico , Medição de Risco , Fatores de Risco de Doenças Cardíacas , Biomarcadores/sangue , Adulto , Albumina Sérica/análise , Albumina Sérica/metabolismo , Fatores de Risco , Inquéritos NutricionaisRESUMO
Yellow tea is a lightly fermented tea with unique sensory qualities and health benefits. However, chemical composition and sensory quality of yellow tea products have rarely been studied. 12 representative yellow teas, which were basically covered the main products of yellow tea, were chosen in this study. Combined analysis of non-targeted/targeted metabolomics and electronic sensor technologies (E-eye, E-nose, E-tongue) revealed the chemical and sensor variation. The results showed that yellow big tea differed greatly from yellow bud teas and yellow little teas, but yellow bud teas could not be effectively distinguished from yellow little teas based on chemical constituents and electronic sensory characteristics. Sensor variation of yellow teas might be attributed to some compounds related to bitterness and aftertaste-bitterness (4'-dehydroxylated gallocatechin-3-O-gallate, dehydrotheasinensin C, myricitin 3-O-galactoside, phloroglucinol), aftertaste-astringency (methyl gallate, 1,5-digalloylglucose, 2,6-digalloylglucose), and sweetness (maltotriose). This study provided a comprehensive understanding of yellow tea on chemical composition and sensory quality.
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Anhua dark teas (DTs), including Tianjian tea, Qianliang tea, Hei brick tea, and Fu brick tea, are unique fermented teas from China's Anhua County; yet their chemical composition differences remain unclear. Herein, metabolomics, volatolomics, and electronic sensory assessments were employed to analyze and compare chemical compositions and sensory characteristics of five types of Anhua DTs. All of these teas were derived from identical tea materials. Chemical compositions differed significantly among Anhua DTs, with Tianjian tea remarkable. Long-lasting fermentation and complex processing methods led to transformation of multiple compounds, particularly catechins. Eighteen volatile compounds with OVA > 1 were key aroma contributors in Anhua DTs. Internal transcribed spacer and 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing showed that Eurotium, Pseudomonas, and Bacillus are dominant microorganisms in Anhua DTs. Furthermore, this study unveiled notable differences in chemical compositions between Anhua DTs and five other traditional types of tea. This research enhances our understanding of Anhua DTs processing.
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Camellia sinensis , Catequina , Chá/química , Multiômica , Catequina/química , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Camellia sinensis/química , FermentaçãoRESUMO
IMPORTANCE: In this study, we successfully established a new One-Pot method, named TB One-Pot, for detecting Mtb in sputum by combining CRISPR-cas12b-mediated trans-cleavage with cross-priming amplification (CPA). Our study evaluated the diagnostic performance of TB One-Pot in clinical sputum samples for tuberculosis. The findings provide evidence for the potential of TB One-Pot as a diagnostic tool for tuberculosis.
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Tuberculose , Humanos , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/genética , Escarro/microbiologia , Apresentação Cruzada , Sistemas CRISPR-Cas , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Técnicas de Amplificação de Ácido Nucleico/métodos , Tuberculose/diagnóstico , Tuberculose/microbiologiaRESUMO
Eurotium is the teleomorph genus associated with the section Aspergillus. Eurotium comprises approximately 20 species, which are widely distributed in nature and human environments. Eurotium is usually the key microorganism for the fermentation of traditional food, such as Fuzhuan brick tea, Liupao tea, Meju, and Karebushi; thus, Eurotium is an important fungus in the food industry. Eurotium has been extensively studied because it contains a series of interesting, structurally diverse, and biologically important secondary metabolites, including anthraquinones, benzaldehyde derivatives, and indol diketopiperazine alkaloids. These secondary metabolites have shown multiple biological activities, including antioxidative, antimicrobial, cytotoxic, antitumor, insecticidal, antimalarial, and anti-inflammatory activities. This study presents an up-to-date review of the phytochemistry and biological activities of all Eurotium species. This review will provide recent advances on the secondary metabolites and their bioactivities in the genus Eurotium for the first time and serve as a database for future research and drug development from the genus Eurotium.
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BACKGROUND: This prospective study aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of pyrotinib (P) combined with 4 cycles of epirubicin and cyclophosphamide followed by 4 cycles of taxane and trastuzumab (P + EC-TH) regimen as neoadjuvant therapy for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positive breast cancer and to investigate the predictive value of p53, p63, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) status for neoadjuvant efficacy. METHODS: A total of 138 HER2-positive breast cancer patients who received neoadjuvant therapy and underwent surgery were included. Case group: 55 patients received P + EC-TH regimen. CONTROL GROUP: 83 patients received EC-TH regimen. The chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and logistic regression analysis were applied. The primary endpoint was total pathologic complete response (tpCR), and the secondary endpoints were breast pathologic complete response (bpCR), overall response rate (ORR), and adverse events (AEs). RESULTS: In the case group, the tpCR rate was 63.64% (35/55), the bpCR rate was 69.09% (38/55), and the ORR was 100.00% (55/55). In the control group, the tpCR rate was 39.76% (33/83), the bpCR rate was 44.58% (37/83), and the ORR was 95.18% (79/83). The case group had significantly higher tpCR and bpCR rates than those of the control group (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in ORR (P > 0.05). The tpCR was associated with the status of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and androgen receptor (AR), and the patients with any negative ER, PR, AR, or combined, were more likely to achieve tpCR than those with positive results (P < 0.05). The p53-positive patients were more likely to achieve tpCR and bpCR than p53-negative patients (P < 0.05). The incidence of hypokalemia and diarrhea in the case group was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The AEs developed were all manageable, and no treatment-related death occurred. CONCLUSION: The efficacy and safety of the P + EC-TH regimen were verified by this study. The HER2-positive breast cancer patients treated with the EC-TH neoadjuvant regimen were more likely to achieve tpCR or bpCR if pyrotinib was administered simultaneously.
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Neoplasias da Mama , Humanos , Feminino , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Trastuzumab/uso terapêutico , Estudos Prospectivos , Terapia Neoadjuvante , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53 , Receptor ErbB-2/metabolismo , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Angelica sinensis roots (Angelica roots) are rich in many bioactive compounds, including phthalides, coumarins, lignans, and terpenoids. However, the molecular bases for their biosynthesis are still poorly understood. Here, an improved chromosome-scale genome for A. sinensis var. Qinggui1 is reported, with a size of 2.16 Gb, contig N50 of 4.96 Mb and scaffold N50 of 198.27 Mb, covering 99.8% of the estimated genome. Additionally, by integrating genome sequencing, metabolomic profiling, and transcriptome analysis of normally growing and early-flowering Angelica roots that exhibit dramatically different metabolite profiles, the pathways and critical metabolic genes for the biosynthesis of these major bioactive components in Angelica roots have been deciphered. Multiomic analyses have also revealed the evolution and regulation of key metabolic genes for the biosynthesis of pharmaceutically bioactive components; in particular, TPSs for terpenoid volatiles, ACCs for malonyl CoA, PKSs for phthalide, and PTs for coumarin biosynthesis were expanded in the A. sinensis genome. These findings provide new insights into the biosynthesis of pharmaceutically important compounds in Angelica roots for exploration of synthetic biology and genetic improvement of herbal quality.
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Angelica sinensis , Angelica sinensis/genética , Multiômica , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Metabolismo Secundário , GenômicaRESUMO
In this study, the solid-state fermentation (SSF) of dark tea was carried out using Bacillus subtilis LK-1, which was isolated from Fu brick tea (FBT). The effects of SSF with B. subtilis on volatile organic compounds (VOCs), non-volatile metabolites, and antioxidant activities of dark tea was investigated. A total of 45 VOCs were identified, primarily consisting of ketones (18), hydrocarbons (8), aldehydes (7), and alcohols (6). Following fermentation, the content of key odor active substances such as linalool, ß-ionone, and 3,5-octadiene-2-one significantly increased, resulting in an enhanced floral and fruity aroma of dark tea. Furthermore, new flavor substances like geranyl isovalerate and decanal were produced during SSF, enriching the aroma profile of dark tea. Non-ester catechins demonstrated a drastic increase, while ester catechins remarkably decreased after SSF. Furthermore, SSF led to a slight decrease in the total polyphenols content and antioxidant activity of dark tea. There is a close relationship between VOCs and the main non-volatile metabolites during SSF. Overall, this study highlighted the great impact of SSF with B. subtilis on the metabolites of dark tea and provided valuable insights into the role of bacteria in shaping the metabolite profile of FBT.
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Raw dark tea (RDT) usually needs to be stored for a long time to improve its quality under suitable relative humidity (RH). However, the impact of RH on tea quality is unclear. In this study, we investigated the metabolites and microbial diversity, and evaluated the sensory quality of RDT stored under three RH conditions (1%, 57%, and 88%). UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS analysis identified 144 metabolites, including catechins, flavonols, phenolic acids, amino acids, and organic acids. 57% RH led to higher levels of O-methylated catechin derivatives, polymerized catechins, and flavonols/flavones when compared to 1% and 88% RH. The best score in sensory evaluation was also obtained by 57% RH. Aspergillus, Gluconobacter, Kluyvera, and Pantoea were identified as the core functional microorganisms in RDT under different RH storage conditions. Overall, the findings provided new insights into the variation of microbial communities and chemical components under different RH storage conditions.
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Objectives: The diagnosis of tuberculosis pleural effusion (TPE) remains challenging, traditional diagnostic tests have limited diagnostic efficacy. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of pleural fluid (PF) lipoarabinomannan (LAM) in TPE. Methods: A diagnostic method for PF LAM (LAM-PF) was established using LEDBIO's AIMLAM kit. The diagnostic performance of LAM-PF was evaluated in 162 HIV-negative patients with suspected TPE. Results: The LAM-PF method established in this study exhibited good linearity and recovery rate, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 2.90 pg/mL. Using a cut-off value of 5.33 pg/mL, the sensitivity and specificity of LAM-PF in diagnosing TPE (n = 128) were 47.7% and 100.0%, respectively. The sensitivity in patients with probable TPE (n = 29) and definite TPE (n = 99) were 41.4% and 49.5%, respectively. LAM-PF displayed a significantly higher sensitivity in probable TPE compared to other tuberculosis detection methods. Combined testing of adenosine deaminase (ADA)and LAM increased the detection sensitivity of TPE to 68.0%, and the area under the curve was 0.84 (0.77-0.89). Conclusion: This study successfully established a method for detecting LAM in PF, which exhibited favorable diagnostic performance for TPE, particularly in challenging cases of probable TPE. Combined detection of LAM and ADA in PF significantly improves TPE diagnostic efficiency.
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Theanine is a unique secondary metabolite in tea plants and contributes to the umami taste and health benefits of tea. However, theanine biosynthesis in tea plants is not fully understood, and its mechanism of transcriptional regulation remains poorly reported. Theanine content was significantly correlated with the expression of theanine biosynthesis-related gene CsGS1c and transcription factor CsMYB42 in different leaf positions and picking times, but there was no significant correlation in different tissues of albino tea plant 'Anjibaicha'. This suggests that CsMYB42 may regulate CsGS1c to synthesize theanine in albino tea leaves, and the regulation is tissue specific. CsMYB42 is a nuclear-localized R2R3-MYB transcription factor gene with transcriptional activation activity. Yeast one-hybrid assay and electrophoretic mobility shift assay confirmed the direct binding of CsMYB42 to the promoter of CsGS1c. Luciferase assay showed that CsMYB42 activates the CsGS1c expression. Furthermore, the inhibition of CsMYB42 using an antisense oligonucleotide in tea leaves decreased CsGS1c expression and theanine content. These results indicate that CsMYB42 plays a crucial role in activating the expression of CsGS1c and may be involved in the biosynthesis of theanine in albino tea leaves. This study provides fresh insights into the tissue-specific regulation of theanine biosynthesis, which laid a foundation for breeding high-theanine tea plants.
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Background: House dust mite (HDM) is the most common airborne source causing complex allergy symptoms. There are geographic differences in the allergen molecule sensitization profiles. Serological testing with allergen components may provide more clues for diagnosis and clinical management. Objective: This study aims to investigate the sensitization profile of eight HDM allergen components in a large number of patients enrolled in the clinic and to analyze the relation of gender, age, and clinical symptoms in North China. Methods: The 548 serum samples of HDM-allergic patients (ImmunoCAP® d1 or d2 IgE ≥0.35) were collected in Beijing City and divided in four different age groups and three allergic symptoms. The specific IgE of HDM allergenic components, Der p 1/Der f 1, Der p 2/Der f 2, Der p 7, Der p 10, Der p 21, and Der p 23, was measured using the micro-arrayed allergen test kit developed by Hangzhou Zheda Dixun Biological Gene Engineering Co., Ltd. The new system was validated by comparing to single-component Der p 1, Der p 2, and Der p 23 tests by ImmunoCAP in 39 sera. The epidemiological study of these IgE profiles and the relation to age and clinical phenotypes were analyzed. Results: A greater proportion of male patients was in the younger age groups, while more female patients were in the adult groups. Both the sIgE levels and the positive rates (approximately 60%) against Der p 1/Der f 1 and Der p 2/Der f 2 were higher than for the Der p 7, Der p 10, and Der p 21 components (below 25%). The Der f 1 and Der p 2 positive rates were higher in 2-12-year-old children. The Der p 2 and Der f 2 IgE levels and positive rates were higher in the allergic rhinitis group. The positive rates of Der p 10 increased significantly with age. Der p 21 is relevant in allergic dermatitis symptom, while Der p 23 contributes to asthma development. Conclusion: HDM groups 1 and 2 were the major sensitizing allergens, with group 2 being the most important component relevant to respiratory symptoms in North China. The Der p 10 sensitization tends to increase with age. Der p 21 and Der p 23 might be associated with the development of allergic skin disease and asthma, respectively. Multiple allergen sensitizations increased the risk of allergic asthma.
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Asma , Dermatite Atópica , Rinite Alérgica , Animais , Masculino , Feminino , Pyroglyphidae , Piridinolcarbamato , Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus , Alérgenos , Rinite Alérgica/complicações , China/epidemiologia , Antígenos de Dermatophagoides , Imunoglobulina ERESUMO
Acteoside, an important phenylethanol glycoside, is the main active component in Osmanthus fragrans flower. Our previous study found that acteoside showed high antiaging effect but its absorption rate was low. We speculated acteoside palliated aging-related cognitive impairment before being absorbed, that was intestinal homeostasis underlie the antiaging effect of acteoside. In this study, acteoside was confirmed to palliate cognitive impairment in d-galactose induced aging mice. Acteoside treatment dramatically reduced oxidative stress, alleviated intestinal inflammation, restored intestinal mucosal barrier, rebuilt gut microbiome structure and upregulated gut microbiome metabolites short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and amino acids (AAs). Furthermore, antibiotic treatment revealed that the antiaging ability of acteoside was abolished in microbiota depleted mice, which offered direct evidence for the essential role of gut microbiota in the attenuation of cognitive impairment of acteoside. Together, our study indicated that acteoside palliated cognitive impairment by regulating intestinal homeostasisand acteoside intake might be a promising nutritional intervention in prevention of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Galactose , Glucosídeos , Camundongos , Animais , Galactose/efeitos adversos , Glucosídeos/farmacologia , Intestinos , Fenóis/farmacologia , Homeostase , Ácidos Graxos VoláteisRESUMO
Fu brick tea (FBT) is a traditional tea manufactured by solid-state fermentation of tea leaves (Camellia sinensis). Although anti-obesity effects have been reported for FBT, the associated role of FBT polysaccharides (PSs) and the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we found that FBTPSs inhibited obesity, hyperlipidemia, and inflammation; improved intestinal barrier function; and alleviated gut microbiota dysbiosis in high-fat diet-fed rats. Akkermansia muciniphila, Bacteroides, Parasutterella, Desulfovibrio, and Blautia were the core microbes regulated by FBTPSs. FBTPSs regulated the production of gut microbiota-related metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), branched-chain amino acids, and aromatic amino acids throughout the development of obesity, and regulated the SCFA-GPR signaling pathway. FBTPS-treated fecal microbiota transplant ameliorated obesity, alleviated gut microbiota dysbiosis, and improved gut microbiota-associated metabolites, suggesting that the anti-obesity effect of FBTPSs was gut microbiota-dependent. FBTPSs may serve as novel prebiotic agents for the treatment of obesity and dysbiosis of gut microbiota.