[Clinical analysis of lung adenocarcinoma with epidermal growth factor receptor mutation transformed into sarcoma].

Objective: To analyze the clinical data of a case of lung adenocarcinoma with Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) resistance transforming into sarcoma, and to conduct a literature review to improve the understanding of the resistance mechanism. Histological transformation is a unique form of acquired resistance of EGFR-TKIs in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Thereinto, the transformation of small cell carcinoma is more common, and the transformation of sarcoma is rarely reported. Methods: Clinicopathological data on the treatment process, pathological features, and clinical outcome of the patient with EGFR-TKIs-resistance lung adenocarcinoma transforming into sarcoma were collected. The literature was reviewed to analyze the pathogenetic mechanism for sarcomatoid carcinoma or sarcoma transformation after drug resistance of adenocarcinoma, as well as the clinical characteristics of the patients and the corresponding therapeutic schemes. Results: We reported a patient with lung adenocarcinoma who developed EGFR-T790M mutation after first-line treatment with icotinib and sarcoma transformation after second-line treatment with almonertinib. Chemotherapy, radioactive particle implantation, antiangiogenic therapy and immunotherapy were followed, but the results were unsatisfactory. There was no report of EGFR-TKIs-resistant lung adenocarcinoma transforming into sarcoma. Among the 14 reports of adenocarcinoma transforming into sarcomatoid carcinoma, 8 cases had EGFR mutation, 3 cases had ALK mutation, 2 cases had ROS1 mutation, and 1 case had no asscoiated sensitive mutation. The median survival of 14 patients with adenocarcinoma transforming to sarcomatoid carcinoma was only 3 months. Conclusions: Sarcoma transformation can be one of the forms of drug resistance in patients with lung adenocarcinoma with EGFR-TKIs. The prognosis of patients with adenocarcinoma after transformation into sarcoma is poor.

[Effect and mechanism of circular RNA BICD2 on the biological behavior of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells].

Objective: To investigate the effects of circular RNA (circRNA) BICD2 (circ-BICD2) on glutamine metabolism, cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells and to further explore the possible mechanism. Methods: OSCC cells were purchased from Shanghai Institute of Cellular Cells, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Samples of OSCC tissues and corresponding adjacent tissues were collected from 35 OSCC patients who underwent surgical resection at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2016 to January 2018. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blot were performed to detect the expression levels of circ-BICD2, miR-296-5p and transgelin2 (TAGLN2) in OSCC tissues and cells. Bioinformatics, dual luciferase report experiment and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) experiment were used to determine the targeting relationship between circ-BICD2 and miR-296-5p, miR-296-5p and TAGLN2. According to different transfection oligonucleotides or plasmids, CAL27 and SCC9 cells were divided into si-NC group (transfection si-NC), si-circ-BICD2 group (transfection si-circ-BICD2), si-circ-BICD2+anti-miR-NC group (transfected with si-circ-BICD2 and anti-miR-NC), si-circ-BICD2+anti-miR-296-5p group (transfected with si-circ-BICD2 and anti-miR-296-5p), miR-NC group (transfected with miR-NC), miR-296-5p group (transfected with miR-296-5p mimic), miR-296-5p+pcDNA (transfected with miR-296-5p mimic and pcDNA) and miR-296-5p+TAGLN2 group (transfected with miR-296-5p mimic and pcDNA-TAGLN2). Cell counting kit 8(CCK-8), colony formation experiment, flow cytometry, Scratch healing test and Transwell experiment were applied to detect OSCC cell viability, number of colonies, cycle distribution, apoptosis rate, migration rate and invasive cell numbers. Glutamine (gln) consumption, α-ketoglutaric acid (α-KG) production and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentration were also detected by the kit. The expression of cyclinD1 and Glutamine hydrolase (GLS1) proteins of CAL27 and SCC9 cells in each of the groups were detected by western blot. Twelve four-week-old clean BALB/c female nude mice were injected with a single-cell suspension of SCC9 cells into the axillary skin to establish a transplanted tumor model. Twelve transplanted tumor model mice were divided into sh-circ-BICD2 group and sh-NC group. Mice were sacrificed by cervical dislocation at 32 days after injection, the tumors were removed and the tumor weight was tested. Results: The expressions of circ-BICD2 (2.54±0.74) and TAGLN2 (1.86±0.15) were increased (P<0.05), while the expression of MiR-296-5p was decreased in OSCC tissues (P<0.05). Cell viability, clone formation numbers, migration rate, invasive cell numbers, S phase cell ratio, glu consumption, α-KG production, ATP concentration, expression of cyclinD1 and GLS1 proteins of OSCC cells were significantly reduced after interference with circ-BICD2 expression. The apoptosis rate, the proportion of cells in G0-G1 phase and the expression of miR-296-5p were significantly increased (P<0.05). Inhibiting the expression of miR-296-5p coulld reverse the effect of interfering with circ-BICD2 on OSCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis and glutamine metabolism (P<0.05). After overexpression of miR-296-5p, cell viability, clone formation red number, migration rate, number of invasive cells, S phase cell ratio, glu consumption, α-KG production, ATP concentration and expressions of cyclinD1, GLS1 and TAGLN2 proteins in OSCC cells were significant decrease. The rate of apoptosis and the proportion of cells in G0-G1 phase were significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with overexpression of miR-296-5p, cell viability, clone formation red number, migration rate, number of invasive cells, S phase cell ratio, glu consumption, α-KG production, ATP concentration, cyclinD1, GLS1 and TAGLN2 proteins in OSCC cells after overexpression of miR-296-5p and TAGLN2 were significantly increased, and the apoptosis rate and the proportion of cells in the G0-G1 phase were significantly decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the sh-NC group, the tumor weights of mice in the sh-circ-BICD2 group were significantly reduced (P<0.05). Conclusions: Circ-BICD2 was highly expressed in OSCC cells. Interfering with circ-BICD2 could inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of OSCC cells, glutamine metabolism and tumor growth and promote cell apoptosis, which might be relate to the regulation of miR-296-5p/TAGLN2 molecular axis.

Elevated CISD2 expression predicts poor diagnosis and promotes invasion and migration of prostate cancer cells.

OBJECTIVE: To explore roles of CDGSH iron-sulfur domain-containing protein 2 (CISD2) in the progression of prostate cancer (PCa) cells, and relationships between CISD2 expression and the prognosis and clinical pathological parameters in PCa patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis and Western blot analysis were used to detect the CISD2 expression in PCa tissues and cells. CISD2 siRNA was used to inhibit the CISD2 expression. Kaplan-Meier method and Log rank analysis were performed to determine survival analysis while Chi-square test was performed to analyze the association between CISD2 and clinicopathological parameters of PCa patients. Transwell assay and wound healing assay was conducted to examine the invasion and migration ability of PCa cells, respectively. RESULTS: CISD2 was up-regulated in PCa tissues and cells, and showed positive association with the poor prognosis, T stage, lymphatic invasion, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, and distant metastasis of PCa patients. Besides, we found that inhibition of CISD2 significantly impaired the migration and invasion ability of PCa cells. CONCLUSIONS: The paper demonstrated that CISD2 could act as a new target for the diagnosis and treatment of PCa patients.

[The role of noninvasive hemodynamic monitoring in the evaluation of acute and severe pesticide poisoning].

Objective: To explore the method of noninvasive hemodynamic monitoring system (NICaS) in monitoring the hemodynamics of patients with acute pesticide poisoning, and to analyze the clinical guiding value of NICaS in hemodynamics of patients with severe pesticide poisoning. Methods: In August 2019, 200 patients with severe acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning (AOPP) or moderate severe acute paraquat pesticide poisoning (APP) admitted to Harrison international peace hospital from January 2017 to August 2019 were randomly divided into NICaS group (n=68) , transpulmonary thermodilution method (n=67) and empirical treatment group (n=65) . The relationship between acute physiology and chronic health score (APACHE Ⅱ) , heart rate, hemodynamic indexes, survival rate and complications were analyzed. Results: There were no significant differences in age, sex ratio, body mass index, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, no treatment period and admission APACHE II score between NICaS group, Picco group and experience group (P>0.05) ; Compared with the experience group, the mortality of AOPP and app in NICaS group and Picco group were lower, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05) .The cardiac output (CO) had a significant correlation in the interval of 2.8-6.7 L·min(-1) (r=0.738, r(2)=0.545, P<0.01) , and peripheral vascular resistance index (SVRI) had a significant correlation in the interval of 410-1 950 d·s·cm(-5)·m(2) (r=0.792, r(2)=0.627, P<0.01) . Bland Altman analysis showed that CO and SVRI measured by Picco and NICaS had 97.01% and 95.52% consistency, respectively. Compared with the experience group, the average daily infusion volume and daily colloid infusion volume of NICaS group and Picco group were lower, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05) . Conclusion: NICaS can effectively monitor the hemodynamic indexes of patients with acute pesticide poisoning.

[Clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of nasal Rosai-Dorfman' s disease: literature review].

In our literature review, we searched the case reports of RosaiDorfman disease (RDD) in Chinese and English, and summarize clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of the disease. At present, it is believed that nasal RDD is a kind of benign cell hyperplastic disease, which mainly causes nasal obstruction, inflammation and nasal deformity, and is easy to misdiagnose. Optional treatments for this disease include medical treatment based on steroid therapy, which can alleviate and stabilize the disease; surgery can completely remove the lesions of some patients, or help some patients improve their symptoms. The prognosis of the patients usually is good, but there is a certain mortality rate.

[Cause analysis of one case multiply misdiagnosed patient with hypopharyngeal carcinoma].

The clinical manifestations were pharyngalgia anddysphagia. Physical examination found that the size of a mobilizable and hard lymph node in the area of the right neck Ⅱ was about 2.0 cm×2.0 cm. Ultrasound examination demonstrated abnormal lymphadenopathy in bilateral neck which was considered metastatic cancer. Neck CT showed occupation of the hypopharynx, thickening bilateral aryepiglottic folds and false vocal cords, and enlargement lymph node in the bilateral neck Ⅱ area. Upper gastrointestinal radiography: The mucosa from the lower border of right pear-shaped fossa to the entrance of the esophagus was disrupted, and the partial lumen was narrowed. There were no abnormalities in the remaining segments. Pathologicalexamination of postoperative: hypopharyngealmoderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma,invasion of the muscularis propria, lymph node cancerometastasis in the left cervical Ⅱ, Ⅲ, and Ⅳ regions (1/19); lymph node cancerometastasis in the right cervical Ⅱ, Ⅲ, and Ⅳ regions (6/12).

[Treatment of recurrent chylous leakage after neck dissection for one case with thyroid carcinoma].

The incidence of chylous leakage which is one of serious complications after neck dissection is low. The recurrent chylous leakage is even rare. One patient with recurrent chylous leakage after the operation of thyroid papillary carcinoma is reported to investigate the pathogenesis and effective treatment of recurrent chylous leakage after neck surgery.

Plasmid-based short hairpin RNA against connective tissue growth factor attenuated monocrotaline-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling in rats.

Pulmonary hypertension is a life-threatening medical condition, and a growing body of evidence shows that the expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is significantly associated with its pathogenesis, making it an attractive therapeutic target. Our earlier work revealed that plasmid-based CTGF-specific short hairpin RNA (shRNA) could attenuate pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation and pulmonary vascular remodeling in rats exposed to cigarette smoke. In this study, we explored the therapeutic role of this shRNA plasmid in the treatment of monocrotaline-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling in rats, and demonstrated that the upregulation of CTGF in PASMCs following a single injection of monocrotaline could be attenuated by administration of the shRNA. Accordingly, this shRNA was found to repress monocrotaline-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling, as evidenced by its ability to reduce the percentage of muscularized vessels and the wall thickness of pulmonary vessels. We concluded that plasmid-based shRNA against CTGF attenuated pulmonary vascular remodeling in monocrotaline-treated rats. CTGF might be a potential target for the treatment of pulmonary vascular remodeling and pulmonary hypertension.

[Clinical study of shuizhi-dahuang mixture in treating schizophrenics with blood stasis syndrome].

A clinical study of 67 female schizophrenics was conducted. Thirty two patients of them treated with the Shuizhi (leech)-Dahuang (rhubarb) mixture mainly with low dosage of antipsychotic drugs (combined therapy group), while other 35 cases were treated with antipsychotic drugs only (control group). The result showed that their overall therapeutic effects were similar and the combined therapy group could reduce the dosages of antipsychotic drugs and its side effects, and tended to normalize the hemorheologic indices.