The effects of shared decision-making informed dietary intervention based on digital health technology in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of shared decision-making informed dietary intervention based on digital health technology, for older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus and determine its impact on patients' glycemic control (hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and fasting plasma glucose), physical indicators (blood pressure and body mass index), self-management behavior, and self-efficacy. Design: A double-arm-randomized controlled trial using a parallel group design was conducted. Participants: 124 older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus recruited from the endocrinology department or diabetes clinics were randomly assigned to the intervention (n = 64) or control group (n = 60). Interventions: Patients in the intervention group received shared decision-making informed dietary intervention through the digital health system and those in the controlled group received routine dietary management. Primary and secondary outcome measures: The primary outcome was HbA1c, and the secondary outcomes were fasting plasma glucose, blood pressure, body mass index, self-management ability, and self-efficacy. Results: After 3 months of intervention, compared to the control group, the intervention group showed a statistically significant decrease in HbA1c, diastolic blood pressure, and fasting plasma glucose (P < 0.05). After the intervention, there were time, group main effects, and interaction effects on diabetes self-management ability and diabetes self-efficacy scores of older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The intervention program based on a digital health system significantly improved glycemic control and enhanced self-care ability in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Practice implications: Clinicians can integrate digital health technology in behavior change intervention, especially in older adults with chronic disease. Trial registration: It was registered and approved by the China Clinical Trials Center (ChiCTR2300071455).

Association between triglyceride-glucose index and arterial stiffness progression: A retrospective cohort study. / ç”˜æ²¹ä¸‰é ¯-è‘¡è„ç³–ä¹˜ç§¯æŒ‡æ•°ä¸ŽåŠ¨è„‰ç¡¬åŒ–è¿›å±•çš„å›žé¡¾æ€§é˜Ÿåˆ—ç ”ç©¶.

OBJECTIVES: Insulin resistance (IR) is closely associated with atherosclerosis and adverse cardiovascular events. The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is an effective indicator for assessing IR. This study aims to explore the relationship between the TyG index and the risk of arterial stiffness progression. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included adults who had undergone at least 2 health examinations with arteriosclerosis testing at the Health Management Medical Center of the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, between January 2012 and December 2022. Clinical data were collected. The TyG index was calculated using the formula of ln (triglycerides×fasting blood glucose/2). The baseline TyG index was assessed as both a continuous variable and as a quartile-based categorical variable. The progression of arteriosclerosis was evaluated by the annual change rate of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and the new onset of increased arterial stiffness. Linear regression model and Cox proportional hazard model were used to explore whether the TyG index is an independent risk factor for arterial stiffness progression. Subgroup analyses were performed based on age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and the presence of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, or hyperlipidemia to determine the characteristics of the association between the TyG index and arterial stiffness progression. RESULTS: A total of 4 971 participants were included, with a follow-up period of (3.01±1.98) years. During follow-up, the annual baPWV change rate was (24.94±81.15) cm/s, and 278 cases of new onset of increased aterial stiffness were recorded. After fully adjusting for confounding factors, the baseline TyG index was independently positively correlated with both the annual baPWV change rate (ß=17.5, 95% CI 9.00 to 25.94, P<0.001) and the risk of new onset of increased aterial stiffness [hazard ratio (HR)=1.43, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.74, P<0.001] when the TyG index was treated as a continuous variable. When treated as a categorical variable, higher TyG index quartiles were associated with progressively higher baPWV change rates and new onset of increased arterial stiffness (all P<0.05). In subgroups of participants aged ≥45 years, males, BMI<28 kg/m2, those with or without hypertension, and those without type 2 diabetes or hyperlipidemia, the baseline TyG index (both continuous and categorical) was significantly associated with new onset of increased arterial stiffness (all P<0.05), with no significant interactions observed across subgroups (all P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The TyG index is independently associated with an increased risk of arterial stiffness progression and may serve as a useful indicator for assessing arterial stiffness progression risk in health check-up populations.

Associations of triglyceride-glucose index cumulative exposure and variability with the transitions from normoglycaemia to prediabetes and prediabetes to diabetes: Insights from a cohort study.

AIM: This study aimed to investigate the separate and joint associations of triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index accumulation and variability with prediabetes and diabetes risk. METHODS: Health check-up participants who underwent 3 sequential health examinations during 2012-2016 and were followed up from 2017 to 2021 were enrolled and categorized into two subcohorts: (a) progression from normoglycaemia to prediabetes subcohort (n = 9373) and (b) progression from prediabetes to diabetes subcohort (n = 4563). Cumulative TyG (cumTyG) and TyG variability from Exams 1-3 were the exposures of interest in our study. The outcomes were newly incident prediabetes or diabetes. RESULTS: In the prediabetes development subcohort, 2,074 participants developed prediabetes over a 2.42-year follow-up. Higher cumTyG (HR, 2.02; 95 % CI, 1.70-2.41), but not greater TyG variability alone, was significantly associated with increased prediabetes risk. In the diabetes development subcohort, 379 participants developed diabetes over a 3.0-year follow-up. Higher cumTyG (HR, 3.54; 95 % CI, 2.29-5.46), but not greater TyG variability alone, was significantly associated with increased diabetes risk. The "cumTyG+variability" combination had the highest predictive value for prediabetes and diabetes beyond a single baseline TyG measurement. CONCLUSION: Higher cumTyG exposure independently predicts prediabetes and diabetes incidence. Coexisting cumTyG and variability could further yield incrementally greater risks.

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles Disrupt ultrastructure and function of Rat thyroid tissue via oxidative stress.

Nano-TiO2 is widely used in various fields such as industry, daily necessities, food and medicine. Previous studies have shown that it can enter mammalian tissues through the digestive tract or respiratory tract and have effects on various organs and systems. However, the effect of nano-TiO2 on the mammalian thyroid gland has not been reported. In this study, we fed SD rats with rutile nano-TiO2 at a dose of 5 mg/kg body weight for 3 weeks, and then examined the thyroid histology and thyroid function of the rats. In vitro experiments were conducted to determine the effects of nano-TiO2 on the viability, apoptosis, inflammatory factors, antioxidant enzymes, and oxidative stress of human thyroid follicular epithelial cells. Histological evidence showed abnormal morphology of rat thyroid follicles and organelle damage in follicular epithelial cells. Nano-TiO2 caused a decrease in the level of sodium/iodide symporter (NIS), an increase in the level of apoptotic protein cleaved-caspase 3, and an increase in the levels of pro-inflammatory factors IL-1ß and TNF-α in rat thyroid tissue. Nano-TiO2 also resulted in increased serum FT4 and TPO-Ab levels. In in vitro experiments, nano-TiO2 reduced the viability of human thyroid follicular cells, downregulated the levels and activities of antioxidant enzymes CAT, GPX1 and SOD, and increased the levels of ROS and MDA caused by oxidative stress. These results indicate that nano-TiO2 damages the structure and function of thyroid follicular epithelial cells through oxidative stress. Long-term exposure to nano-TiO2 could be a potential risk factor for thyroid dysfunction.

Pan-cancer analysis of immune checkpoint receptors and ligands in various cells in the tumor immune microenvironment.

Drugs that target immune checkpoint have become the most popular weapon in cancer immunotherapy, yet only have practical benefits for a small percentage of patients. Tumor cells constantly interact with their microenvironment, which is made up of a variety of immune cells as well as endothelial cells and fibroblasts. Immune checkpoint expression and blocked signaling of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) are key to tumor progression. In this study, we perform deliberation convolution on the TCGA database for human lung, breast, and colorectal cancer to infer crosstalk between immune checkpoint receptors (ICRs) and ligands (ICLs) in TME of pan-carcinogenic solid tumor types, validated by flow cytometry. Analysis of immune checkpoints showed that there was little variation between different tumor types. It showed that CD160, LAG3, TIGIT were found to be highly expressed in CD8+ T cells instead of CD4+ T cells, PD-L1, PD-L2, CD86, LGALS9, TNFRSF14, LILRB4 and other ligands were highly expressed on macrophages, FVR, NECTIN2, FGL1 were highly expressed on Epithelial cells, CD200 was highly expressed in Endothelial cells, and CD80 was highly expressed in CD8 High expression on T cells. Overall, our study provides a new resource for the expression of immune checkpoints in TME on various types of cells. Significance: This study provides immune checkpoint expression of immune cells of multiple cancer types to infer immune mechanisms in the tumor microenvironment and provide ideas for the development of new immune checkpoint-blocking drugs.

Remimazolam protects the liver from ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting the MAPK/ERK pathway.

BACKGROUND: Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a major factor in liver damage following hepatic resection and liver transplantation, with anesthetics demonstrating the ability to shield organs from this type of injury. METHODS: Hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) was used to create in vitro I/R hepatocyte cell injury models. The CCK-8 assay, flow cytometer, LDH assay, and ELSIA were utilized to assess hepatocyte injury. The in vivo I/R injury rat model was then built. HE and TUNEL staining were used to assess liver tissue damage. Western-blot was applied to assess the activation of the MAPK/ERK pathway. RESULTS: Remimazolam (RMZL) remarkably improved cell viability and decreased apoptosis in H/R-induced hepatocyte injury. RMZL reduced the release of H/R-induced inflammatory mediators (TNF-α and IL-6) as well as LDH levels. We also discovered that RMZL inhibited p38 and ERK1/2 phosphorylation in vivo and in vitro. The stimulation of MAPK/ERK, on the other hand, abolished RMZL's anti-inflammation effects in H/R-induced hepatocyte injury. Furthermore, RMZL reduced liver tissue injury in I/R rats. CONCLUSION: RMZL prevented hepatic I/R damage by inhibiting MAPK/ERK signaling.

Association between perceived overqualification, work engagement, job satisfaction among nurses: a cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVES: This cross-sectional correlational study aimed to understand nurses' perceived overqualification and work engagement, explore their effects on job satisfaction and provide a theoretical basis for hospital management policies in a public comprehensive tertiary hospital in China. DESIGN: Cross-sectional correlational study. SETTING: The study was conducted in a public comprehensive tertiary hospital in China. The specific location is not disclosed. PARTICIPANTS: 584 nurses participated in the study, with a completion rate of 97.3%. The average age of participants was 34.8±6.7 years, with 96.4% being women. 67.8% held a bachelor's degree or higher, and 71.6% had over 5 years of work experience. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: The Scale of Perceived Overqualification was used to assess nurses' perceptions of their qualifications, demonstrating a high level of reliability with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.832. Utrecht Work Engagement Scale was used to assess nurses' work engagement, showing internal consistency coefficients (Cronbach's alpha) of 0.683 for the vigour dimension, 0.693 for the dedication dimension and 0.834 for the absorption dimension. Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire was used to evaluate nurses' job satisfaction, with internal consistency coefficients (Cronbach's alpha) of 0.765 for the intrinsic satisfaction scale and 0.734 for the extrinsic satisfaction scale. The primary outcome measures included perceived overqualification, work engagement and job satisfaction. RESULTS: The average scores for perceived overqualification, work engagement and job satisfaction were 26.38±3.44, 65.36±14.92 and 74.29±15.04, respectively. Perceived overqualification showed negative correlations with work engagement (r=-0.562, p<0.05) and job satisfaction (r=-0.674, p<0.05). However, work engagement was positively correlated with job satisfaction (r=0.519, p<0.05). Path analysis indicated that perceived overqualification had both a direct (ß=-0.06, p<0.001) and an indirect effect (ß=-0.35, p=0.015) on job satisfaction, with work engagement partially mediating this relationship. CONCLUSION: The perception of overqualification among nurses shows a significant correlation with both their work engagement and job satisfaction. This finding suggests that hospital administrators should pay attention to nurses' perceptions of their qualifications and take measures to enhance their job satisfaction. Furthermore, work engagement acts as a mediator between the perception of overqualification and job satisfaction, emphasising the importance of increasing work engagement. Overall, hospitals can improve nurses' work engagement and job satisfaction by providing career development opportunities, establishing feedback mechanisms and fostering work-life balance. Comprehensive management measures focusing on nurses' career development opportunities and levels of work engagement are necessary. Future research could expand the sample size, employ more diverse research designs and integrate qualitative research methods to further explore the factors influencing nurses' job satisfaction and happiness.

Risk factors for cervical instability in rheumatoid arthritis: a meta-analysis.

Introduction: The aim of the study was to evaluate the risk factors for cervical instability in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Material and methods: Computer searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database, the Wan Fang database, the Chinese Scientific Journal Databases (VIP) database, and the Chinese Biomedical Literature database (CBM) from their establishment until November 2022. Results: A total of 8 articles were included in this study, including 1 cross-sectional study, 5 case-control studies, and 2 cohort study, including 3078 patients with RA. Meta-analysis results showed that: male sex (OR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.19-2.42), course of disease (OR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.29-2.28), long-term glucocorticosteroid use (OR = 2.84, 95% CI: 1.97-2.40), Steinbrocker staging (OR = 2.30, 95% CI: 1.61-3.28), disability at baseline (OR = 24.57, 95% CI: 5.51-109.60), peripheral joint destruction (OR = 2.24, 95% CI: 1.56-3.21), Steinbrocker stage I-IV progression to disability (OR = 20.08, 95% CI: 4.18-96.53), and previous joint surgery (OR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.06-2.26) are the main risk factors for cervical instability in RA. Conclusions: There are many risk factors for cervical instability in RA. In clinical practice, special attention should be paid to patients who are male, have a longer course of disease, have long-term glucocorticosteroid use, have previous joint surgery, have peripheral joint damage, and develop disability in Steinbrocker stage I-IV. Attention should be paid to the high-risk groups mentioned above, and effective measures such as early screening and full monitoring should be taken to prevent the occurrence of cervical instability in RA.

The effect of enhanced recovery after lung cancer surgery combined with fine surgical nursing on rehabilitation.

Objectives: To analyse the enhanced recovery after surgery approach combined with fine surgical nursing on recovery time, pain, sleep quality and satisfaction with care after lung cancer surgery. METHODS: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Nanjing Chest Hospital, China, from October 2019 to March 2022, and comprised non-small cell lung cancer patients undergoing single-port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. Patients receiving fine surgical nursing in addition to conventional enhanced recovery after surgery formed the intervention group A, while those receiving the conventional enhanced recovery after surgery care alone formed control group B. Intraoperative blood loss, operative time, extubation time and length of stay values were noted for both the groups using standard scales. Nursing satisfaction and the incidence of adverse reactions in the two groups were also noted. Data was analysed using SPSS 23. RESULTS: Of the 99 patients, 46(46.5%) were in group A; 23(50%) males and 23(50%) females with mean age 70.3±4.8 years and mean body mass index 26.76±2.55kg/m2. There were 53(53.5%) patients in group B: 16(30.2%) males and 37(69.8%) females with mean age 69.9±4.4 years and mean body mass index 25.93±2.40kg/m2 (p>0.05). Intraoperative blood loss, operative time, postoperative extubation time and length of stay in group A were lower than those in group B (p<0.05). Pain and sleep quality values in group A were lower, while health status value was higher than group B (p<0.05). Group A had significantly higher nursing satisfaction compared to group B (p<0.05). Conclusion: The use of enhanced recovery after surgery combined with fine surgical nursing in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery promoted postoperative recovery.

DEP domain containing 1 as a biomarker for poor prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma.

Objective: The DEP domain-containing 1 (DEPDC1) gene is essential in the development and advancement of different types of cancer. This study is to examine the levels of DEPDC1 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), and to determine its relationship with clinical results and immune response. The goal is to assess its potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target for LUAD. Methods: By comprehensively utilizing the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), gene Expression Synthesis (GEO), UALCAN, cBioPortal, TISIDB databases and online platforms, we conducted a bioinformatics analysis to investigate DEPDC1 gene survival analysis, prognostic diagnosis, prognostic survival, immune cell infiltration, DNA methylation, and the correlation of genetic mutations in LUAD. The results were validated through cell assay and immunohistochemical staining. Results: DEPDC1 shows high levels of expression in the majority of tumors, with its expression being notably elevated in LUAD compablue to normal tissues. The expression of DEPDC1 varies based on the clinical characteristics of patients with LUAD. DEPDC1 expression affects the survival prognosis and prognostic model construction of LUAD patients. In addition, the presence of DEPDC1 is linked to immune infiltration. Various chemokines and chemokine receptors, immunoinhibitors and immune-stimulators in LUAD are significantly correlated with DEPDC1 methylation levels. Cell experiments confirmed through qPCR that the mRNA expression of DEPDC1 in LUAD was markedly elevated in comparison to the normal population, and immunohistochemistry showed positive DEPDC1 expression in LUAD pathological sections. Conclusion: Systematic analysis and experiments have verified that DEPDC1 serves as a biomarker for detecting early, prediction of survival, and evaluation of immune cell infiltration in LUAD.

Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Toward Physical Literacy Among the College Students During COVID-19 School Closure.

Purpose: To investigate the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) among college students toward physical literacy during COVID-19 school closure. Patients and Methods: This web-based cross-sectional study was conducted between December 9th, 2022 and December 24th, 2022 among college students during COVID-19 school closure. A self-designed questionnaire was developed to collect demographic information of the college students, and assess their KAP toward physical literacy. Results: A total of 969 students were recruited, with mean age of 18.73±0.97 years. The majority were male (54.70%), urban residents (78.02%), majoring in engineering (58.00%), and having exercise habits (61.09%). The mean KAP scores were 6.57±0.95, 32.63±4.07, and 27.06±7.23, respectively. Positive associations were identified between knowledge and attitude (OR = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.52-2.66, P < 0.001), and between attitude and practice (OR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.12-1.22, P < 0.001). A bachelor's degree and being in the sophomore year were positively associated with knowledge (OR = 1.51-4.05, all P < 0.05). Urban residence and being in the sophomore year were negatively associated with attitude (OR = 0.43-0.59, all P < 0.05), while having daily exercise habits showed the opposite trend (OR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.33-2.57, P < 0.001). Father's education level of high school and technical secondary school (OR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.37-0.93, P = 0.023) and having daily exercise habits (OR = 3.88, 95% CI: 2.72-5.55, P < 0.001) were associated with practice. Conclusion: College students had sufficient knowledge, moderate attitudes and negative practices towards physical literacy during COVID-19 school closure. The findings hold significant potential for developing educational programs, fostering healthier lifestyles and promoting mental well-being among college students during public health outbreaks.

Linkage of cell division cycle 42 with clinical features, treatment response and survival in adult Philadelphia chromosome negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Cell division cycle 42 (CDC42) regulates the progression of leukemia via mediating proliferation and immune evasion of malignant cells. The study aimed to investigate the correlation of CDC42 with clinical features, treatment response, event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) in adult Philadelphia chromosome negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph- ALL) patients. CDC42 expression in bone marrow mononuclear cells was detected in 78 adult Ph- ALL patients and 10 donors using real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. CDC42 was increased in adult Ph- ALL patients compared with donors (p < .001). Besides, elevated CDC42 was linked with pro-B ALL or early-T ALL (p = .038) and white blood cell (WBC) elevation at diagnosis (p = .025). Fifty (64.1%) and 23 (29.5%) patients had complete remission (CR) at 1 month and minimal residual disease (MRD) after CR, respectively. CDC42 was inversely associated with CR at 1 month (p = .034), but not MRD after CR (p = .066). Concerning survival, patients with CDC42 ≥ 3.310 (cut by median value in patients) showed a shortened EFS (p = .006) and OS (p = .036) compared to those with CDC42 < 3.310. In detail, patients with CDC42 ≥ 3.310 and CDC42 < 3.310 had 5-year EFS rate of 29.9% and 45.4%, and 5-year OS rate of 39.4% and 63.6%, correspondingly. Further multivariate Cox's regression analyses revealed that CDC42 ≥ 3.310 was independently related to shorter EFS (hazard ratio = 2.933, p = .005). Elevated CDC42 is related with pro-B ALL or early-T ALL, WBC elevation at diagnosis, unfavorable treatment response and worse survival in adult Ph- ALL patients.

Arterial stiffness progression in metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease subtypes: A prospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: We aimed to investigate the correlation and to explore which MAFLD subtypes have the greatest influence on progression of arterial stiffness risk. METHODS AND RESULTS: Using data from a health examination-based cohort, a total of 12,129 participants who underwent two repeated health examinations that included brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) from 2012 to 2020 were enrolled. Participants were separated into non-MAFLD, overweight/obese (OW-MAFLD), lean/normal weight (lean-MAFLD) and diabetes (DM-MAFLD) groups. Among the participants with a median follow-up of 2.17 years, 4511 (37.2%) participants had MAFLD at baseline, among which 3954 (87.7%), 123 (2.7%), and 434 (9.6%) were OW-, lean- and DM-MAFLD, respectively. Analyses using linear regression models confirmed that compared with the non-MAFLD group, the elevated baPWV change rates (cm/s/year) were 12.87 (8.81-16.94), 25.33 (7.84-42.83) and 38.49 (27.88-49.10) in OW, lean and DM-MAFLD, respectively, while the increased change proportions (%) were 1.53 (1.10-1.95), 3.56 (1.72-5.40) and 3.94 (2.82-5.05), respectively. Similar patterns were observed when these two baPWV parameters were transformed in the form of the greatest increase using Cox proportional hazards model analyses. Furthermore, the risk of arterial stiffness progression across MAFLD subtypes presented a significant, gradient, inverse relationship in the order of DM-, lean-, OW with metabolic abnormalities (MA)-, and OW without MA-MAFLD. CONCLUSION: MAFLD, especially DM-MAFLD and lean-MAFLD, was significantly associated with arterial stiffness progression, providing evidence that stratification screening and surveillance strategies for CVD risk have important clinical implications.

G2 and S phase-expressed protein 1 is a biomarker for poor prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma.

Studying the regulatory mechanism and clinical application of G2 and S phase-expressed protein 1 (GTSE1) genes in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). LUAD data was obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were derived by analyzing expression data using R software. Survival analysis was performed to identify genes associated with LUAD, and among them, a target gene for LUAD was identified. Further analysis of the gene expression profiling interactive analysis database revealed differences in gene expression between normal and tumor tissues of LUAD patients. Disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) of the GTSE1 genes in LUAD were compared. The study conducted a GSEA analysis of GTSE1 expression and further investigated the relationships between GTSE1 expression and the survival time of LUAD patients at different pathological stages. The correlations between OS and GTSE1 gene expression were explored based on different treatments. Additionally, the correlation between the GTSE1 gene and immune infiltration was analyzed. The results indicated that the expression of GTSE1 was significantly higher in tumor tissues of LUAD compared to normal tissues. Furthermore, patients with high GTSE1 expression had significantly lower survival rates for OS and DFS compared to patients with low expression of GTSE1. The GSEA analysis of GTSE1 revealed its involvement in LUAD through the Reactome unwinding of DNA and Biocarta ranms pathway. In patients with LUAD at the pathological T2 stage, low expression of GTSE1 was associated with longer survival time. Furthermore, LUAD patients with low GTSE1 expression who underwent surgery without chemotherapy exhibited a longer survival time. The GTST1 gene, identified as a target gene of LUAD, was validated through cell experiments and pathological sections. GTSE1 can be used as a marker and therapeutic target for LUAD. The survival of LUAD patients can be improved by reducing the expression of GTSE1.

Identification of lymph node adulteration in minced pork by comprehensive metabolomics and lipidomics approach based on UPLC/LTQ-Orbitrap MS.

The deliberate pork adulteration with lymph nodes is a common adulteration phenomenon, and it poses a serious threat to public health and food safety. An untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics approach based on ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography coupled with linear ion trap quadrupole-Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (MS) was used to distinguish lymph nodes from minced pork. The principal component analysis and orthogonal projection to latent structures discriminant analysis models were established with the good of fitness and predictivity. The results showed that there were significant differences in metabolites and lipids between lymph nodes and pork. A total of 16 significantly differentiated metabolites were identified, of which 1-palmitoylglycerophosphocholine, 12,13-dihydroxy-9-octadecenoic acid, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were positively correlated with lymph node content and were identified as potential markers of lymph nodes. These three markers were combined to create a binary logistic regression model, and a combined-factor exceeding 0.75 was ultimately identified as a marker for pork adulteration with lymph nodes. The desorption electrospray ionization-MS images showed that PGE2 had a higher relative abundance in the lymph node region than in adjacent non-lymph node regions, indicating that PGE2 was a marker that contributed significantly for identifying lymph nodes adulteration into pork. Our results provide a theoretical basis for identifying lymph node adulteration, which will contribute to combating fraud in the meat industry.

Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Experimental Verification to Reveal the Mitophagy-Associated Mechanism of Tangshen Formula in the Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy.

Purpose: This study investigated the mechanism of TSF in treating DN through network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental validation. Methods: To identify critical active ingredients, targets, and DN genes in TSF, multiple databases were utilized for screening purposes. The drug-compound-target network was constructed using Cytoscape 3.9.1 software for network topological analysis. The protein interaction relationship was analyzed using the String database platform. Metascape database conducted enrichment analysis on the key targets using Gene Ontology and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. The renoprotective effect was evaluated using a mouse model of diabetic nephropathy (db/db mice) that occurred spontaneously. Validation of the associated targets and pathways was performed using Western Blot (WB), Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), and Immunohistochemical methods (IHC). Results: The network analysis showed that the TSF pathway network targeted 24 important targets and 149 significant pathways. TSF might have an impact by focusing on essential objectives such as TP53, PTEN, AKT1, BCL2, BCL2L1, PINK-1, PARKIN, LC3B, and NFE2L2, along with various growth-inducing routes. Our findings demonstrated that TSF effectively repaired the structure of mitochondria in db/db mice. TSF greatly enhanced the mRNA levels of PINK-1. WB and IHC findings indicated that TSF had a notable impact on activating the PINK-1/PARKIN signaling pathway in db/db mice, significantly increasing LC3 and NRF2 expression. Conclusion: Our results indicate that TSF effectively addresses DN by activating the PINK-1/PARKIN signaling pathway and enhancing Mitochondrion structure in experimental diabetic nephropathy.

Fermentation enhances the amelioration effect of bee pollen on Caco-2 monolayer epithelial barrier dysfunction based on NF-κB-mediated MLCK-MLC signaling pathway.

Intestinal barrier integrity is essential for normal nutrient digestion and absorption and disease resistance. This study aims to investigate how fermentation affects the ameliorative effect of bee pollen on the intestinal barrier dysfunction stimulated by interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor (IFN-γ/TNF-α) cytokines. The results indicated that fermentation enhances the alleviating effect of bee pollen on intestinal barrier dysfunction (including elevated trans epithelial electrical resistance and decreased paracellular permeability). In addition, fermented bee pollen (FBP) significantly decreased (p < 0.05) the secretion levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and IL-1ß and expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 protein in intestinal barrier cells. Furthermore, fermentation improved the ability of bee pollen to up-regulate the expression of tight junction proteins including zonula occludens (ZO)-1, occluding, and claudin-1. Notably, FBP showed stronger ability to inhibit the expression of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) mediated myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) and myosin light chain (MLC) signaling pathway associated with phosphorylated proteins. Overall, our results indicated that fermentation enhances the protective effect of bee pollen on the intestinal barrier, and FBP has promising potential to be used as a novel functional food to protect the intestinal barrier.

Anlotinib plus Sintilimab achieved in an antitumor effect of complete remission in a patient with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a case report.

Systemic therapies-based combination treatments have been developed rapidly in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, there are still a few patients not applicable to any recommended therapies, making it considerable to try new therapeutic options. Among them, anlotinib, a new oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is being widely used for many advanced malignancies. We present the first case of the antitumor effect of complete remission by anlotinib combined with an anti-programmed cell death protein 1 antibody, sintilimab, in a patient with advanced HCC. In April 2020, a 51-year-old male patient was diagnosed with large HCC and underwent hepatectomy with R0 resection. Two months later, he was admitted to our hospital because of a tumor relapse with multiple liver and lung metastases. After the failure of comprehensive treatment containing sorafenib, camrelizumab and transhepatic arterial chemotherapy and embolization, 2 months after tumor relapse, the patient started to receive anlotinib and sintilimab. The multiple tumor nodules were remarkable repressed both in the liver and lung. Six months after anlotinib plus sintilimab treatment, there were no residual tumors, and the alpha-fetoprotein level was decreased from 2310.9 mg/L to normal. Also, the patient continued to receive anlotinib to date. In subsequent follow-up visits until now, there was no sign of recurrence found on imaging. Anlotinib is a promising alternative for patients insensitive to the first-line targeted drugs. More clinical studies should be conducted to further broaden the clinical indications of anlotinib and immunotherapy in patients with HCC.

Not only baseline but cumulative exposure of remnant cholesterol predicts the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a cohort study.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Remnant cholesterol (remnant-C) mediates the progression of major adverse cardiovascular events. It is unclear whether remnant-C, and particularly cumulative exposure to remnant-C, is associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study aimed to explore whether remnant-C, not only baseline but cumulative exposure, can be used to independently evaluate the risk of NAFLD. METHODS: This study included 1 cohort totaling 21,958 subjects without NAFLD at baseline who underwent at least 2 repeated health checkups and 1 sub-cohort totaling 2,649 subjects restricted to those individuals with at least 4 examinations and no history of NAFLD until Exam 3. Cumulative remnant-C was calculated as a timeweighted model for each examination multiplied by the time between the 2 examinations divided the whole duration. Cox regression models were performed to estimate the association between baseline and cumulative exposure to remnant-C and incident NAFLD. RESULTS: After multivariable adjustment, compared with the quintile 1 of baseline remnant-C, individuals with higher quintiles demonstrated significantly higher risks for NAFLD (hazard ratio [HR] 1.48, 95%CI 1.31-1.67 for quintile 2; HR 2.07, 95%CI 1.85-2.33 for quintile 3; HR 2.55, 95%CI 2.27-2.88 for quintile 4). Similarly, high cumulative remnant-C quintiles were significantly associated with higher risks for NAFLD (HR 3.43, 95%CI 1.95-6.05 for quintile 2; HR 4.25, 95%CI 2.44-7.40 for quintile 3; HR 6.29, 95%CI 3.59-10.99 for quintile 4), compared with the quintile 1. CONCLUSION: Elevated levels of baseline and cumulative remnant-C were independently associated with incident NAFLD. Monitoring immediate levels and longitudinal trends of remnant-C may need to be emphasized in adults as part of NAFLD prevention strategy.

The tuber-specific StbHLH93 gene regulates proplastid-to-amyloplast development during stolon swelling in potato.

In potato, stolon swelling is a complex and highly regulated process, and much more work is needed to fully understand the underlying mechanisms. We identified a novel tuber-specific basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor, StbHLH93, based on the high-resolution transcriptome of potato tuber development. StbHLH93 is predominantly expressed in the subapical and perimedullary region of the stolon and developing tubers. Knockdown of StbHLH93 significantly decreased tuber number and size, resulting from suppression of stolon swelling. Furthermore, we found that StbHLH93 directly binds to the plastid protein import system gene TIC56 promoter, activates its expression, and is involved in proplastid-to-amyloplast development during the stolon-to-tuber transition. Knockdown of the target TIC56 gene resulted in similarly problematic amyloplast biogenesis and tuberization. Taken together, StbHLH93 functions in the differentiation of proplastids to regulate stolon swelling. This study highlights the critical role of proplastid-to-amyloplast interconversion during potato tuberization.