Safety and efficacy of microwave ablation for the treatment of low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: a prospective multicenter study.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the safety and efficacy of ultrasound-guided thermal ablation for low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) via a prospective multicenter study. METHODS: From January 2017 through June 2021, low-risk PTMC patients were screened. The management details of active surveillance (AS), surgery, and thermal ablation were discussed. Among patients who accepted thermal ablation, microwave ablation (MWA) was performed. The main outcome was disease-free survival (DFS). The secondary outcomes were tumor size and volume changes, local tumor progression (LTP), lymph node metastasis (LNM), and complication rate. RESULTS: A total of 1278 patients were included in the study. The operation time of ablation was 30.21 ± 5.14 min with local anesthesia. The mean follow-up time was 34.57 ± 28.98 months. Six patients exhibited LTP at 36 months, of whom 5 patients underwent a second ablation, and 1 patient received surgery. The central LNM rate was 0.39% at 6 months, 0.63% at 12 months, and 0.78% at 36 months. Of the 10 patients with central LNM at 36 months, 5 patients chose ablation, 3 patients chose surgery and the other 2 patients chose AS. The overall complication rate was 1.41%, and 1.10% of patients developed hoarseness of the voice. All of the patients recovered within 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: Thermal ablation of low-risk PTMC was observed to be safe and efficacious with few minor complications. This technique may help to bridge the gap between surgery and AS as treatment options for patients wishing to have their PTMC managed in a minimally invasive manner. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT: This study proved that microwave ablation is a safe and effective treatment method for papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. KEY POINTS: Percutaneous US-guided microwave ablation of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma is a very minimally invasive treatment under local anesthesia during a short time period. The local tumor progression and complication rate of microwave ablation in the treatment of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma are very low.

An unusual case of tertiary syphilis.

We report a rare case of tertiary syphilis in a middle aged man who presented with a 6-month history of ulceration of his left eye with extreme pain. Physical examination revealed fistulas, granuloma with ulcer, and corneal opacity with granulomatous conjunctivitis in the left eye. Based on the patient's clinical manifestations and auxiliary examination results, neurosyphilis was diagnosed.

Senkyunolide I alleviates renal Ischemia-Reperfusion injury by inhibiting oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis.

BACKGROUND: Ligusticum striatum DC. is traditionally used to treat ischemic diseases because of its potent effect against blood stasis and thrombosis, including various cardiovascular, cerebral and renal diseases. Senkyunolide I (SEI), which is the major active phthalide ingredient of Ligusticum striatum DC., is mainly distributed in kidney and has been shown to attenuate ischemia reperfusion injury in liver. However, the underlying effect of SEI against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) remain unclear. METHODS: Renal ischemia reperfusion mice model was established by clamping bilateral renal pedicles. In vitro oxidative stress model was induced by H2O2. Level of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (SCr) was tested for in vivo model evaluation, while cell viability was tested using CCK8 to evaluate in vitro model. SEI solution containing 1% DMSO was injected intraperitoneally in the I/R group, while normal saline containing 1% DMSO injected in the Sham group. Reduced glutathione (GSH) solution containing 1% DMSO was used as a positive control. RESULTS: SEI protected renal function and structural integrity. It reversed the I/R-induced elevation of BUN, SCr levels and renal pathological injury. The secretion of proinflammatory cytokines including TNF-α and IL-6 was inhibited, and the renal apoptosis was attenuated by SEI. In addition, SEI played a protective role by reducing the production of reactive oxidative species (ROS), as shown by the elevated expression of antioxidant proteins including Nrf2, HO-1, NQO1, and reduced expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) related proteins including GRP78 and CHOP. It also attenuated HK2 cell injury in an in vitro model induced by H2O2. CONCLUSIONS: SEI alleviates renal injury induced by ischemia reperfusion with anti-inflammatory, anti-endoplasmic reticulum stress, anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic effect.

Ultrasound-guided thermal ablation for papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: a multicenter retrospective study.

PURPOSE: Ultrasound-guided thermal ablation (including microwave ablation [MWA] and radiofrequency ablation [RFA]) has emerged as a remarkable technology for the treatment of benign and malignant diseases. The objective of this multicenter study was to assess the efficacy and safety of thermal ablation in a large cohort of patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective study of 725 patients who underwent MWA/RFA at 11 centers between March 2015 and March 2020. The mean age of patients was 46 ± 11 years (range, 22-81); the mean follow-up time was 21 ± 13 months (range, 6-60). Changes in size of tumor, the rates of tumor disappearance, disease progression, and complications were assessed. RESULTS: From 6 months post-ablation, the size of tumors was significantly reduced compared with those recorded pre-ablation (p < 0.001 for all). Five hundred and fifteen (71.0%) PTMCs had completely disappeared as assessed by ultrasound examination. Six (0.8%) patients developed disease progression post-ablation; of these, 5 (0.7%) patients developed new PTMCs, while one (0.1%) patient developed cervical lymph node metastasis. Nineteen (2.6%) patients developed complications post-ablation; of these 14 (1.9%) patients developed voice hoarseness, 4 (0.6%) developed hematoma, and one (0.1%) patient developed cough. CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound-guided thermal ablation represents an effective and safe treatment for patients with PTMC besides active surveillance and surgery.

Efficacy and Safety of Thermal Ablation for Treatment of Solitary T1N0M0 Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Background Microwave ablation (MWA) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) have recently attracted interest as minimally invasive treatment modalities for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). However, the ablation outcomes of T1N0M0 PTC are not well characterized. Purpose To evaluate the efficacy and safety of thermal ablation (MWA or RFA) of solitary T1N0M0 PTC in patients who were ineligible for (due to presence of comorbid cardiovascular disease, renal failure, other malignancy, etc) or who refused surgery. Materials and Methods This was a retrospective multicenter study of 847 patients (660 women) who underwent thermal ablation for PTC (673 T1a, 174 T1b) between March 2015 and March 2020; of these patients, 645 underwent MWA and 202 underwent RFA. The mean age of patients was 46 years ± 11 (standard deviation) (age range, 18-81 years); the mean follow-up time was 22 months ± 13 (range, 6-60 months). Changes in tumor size and volume and the rates of technical success, tumor disappearance, disease progression, and complications were assessed. Results The technical success rate was 100%. Relative to preablation measurements, the maximum diameter and volume of the ablation zone increased during the 1st month after ablation (P < .001), whereas there was no difference by the 3rd month; subsequently, the tumors showed reduction in size at 6, 9, and 12 months (all P < .001). Complete disappearance of tumors occurred in 68% of patients (577 of 847; 69% [466 of 673] in the T1a group vs 64% [111 of 174] in the T1b group; P < .001). The postablation disease progression rate was 1.1% (nine of 847 patients; 0.9% [six of 673 patients] in the T1a group vs 1.7% [three of 174 patients] in the T1b group; P = .54). The overall complication rate was 3.4% (29 of 847 patients; 2.7% [18 of 673 patients] in the T1a group vs 6.3% [11 of 174 patients] in the T1b group; P = .02). Conclusion This multicenter study provided evidence that thermal ablation is an effective and safe treatment option in selected -patients with solitary T1N0M0 papillary thyroid carcinoma. © RSNA, 2021 Online supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Baek and Cho in this issue.

Efficacy and Safety of Thermal Ablation for Solitary T1bN0M0 Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Multicenter Study.

BACKGROUND: Ultrasound-guided thermal ablation plays an important role in the management of thyroid disease. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of thermal ablation for patients with solitary T1bN0M0 papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) who are ineligible for or unwilling to undergo surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data pertaining to 172 patients (38 males and 134 females) who received thermal ablation therapy at 12 hospitals between April 2015 and March 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The mean duration of follow-up was 24.9 ±â€…14.1 months (range, 12-60). The technical feasibility, technical success, efficacy, and safety of treatment were analyzed. Postablation tumor size at various time points was compared with preablation measurement. RESULTS: All patients selected for thermal ablation received enlarged ablation, according to contrast-enhanced ultrasound postablation. The maximum diameter and volume of ablation zone at 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, and 48 months postablation were significantly smaller than those recorded preablation (P < 0.05 for all). At the most recent follow-up, 106 (61.6%) tumors had completely disappeared. The rate of lymph node metastasis was 0.6% (1/172) and the incidence of new tumors was 1.2% (2/172). The overall complication rate was 5.2% (9/172) (major complications: 4.6% [8/172]; minor complications: 0.6% [1/172]). All major complications were relieved within 4 months postablation. CONCLUSION: Thermal ablation may be a feasible, effective, and safe treatment option for patients with solitary T1bN0M0 PTC who are ineligible for or unwilling to undergo surgery. It may provide a novel treatment option for selected patients.

[Total hip replacement with collum femoris preserving for the treatment of advanced stage of femoral head necrosis of young patients: a report of results of more than five years follow-up].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the results of total hip replacement with collum femoris preserving for the treatment of advanced stage of femoral head necrosis of youth. METHODS: From August 2002 to November 2009, 21 patients (28 hips) with advanced stage of femoral head necrosis were treated with total hip replacement with collum femoris preserving. Sixteen males (22 hips) and 5 females (6 hips) with an average age of 36 years (range from 26 to 51 years) were included. All patients were evaluated clinically using Harris score, the prosthesis components were assessed for position, loosening, bone resorption and other conditions with radiographs. RESULTS: Nineteen patients (26 hip) were followed up for mean 5 years and 7 months (ranging 5 years and 3 months to 7 years and 1 month), 2 patients were missed. The average Harris score increased from the preoperative average 48.5 to 90.2. The leg-length discrepancy (the difference was less than 2 cm) occurred in 3 cases. No thigh pain and revision. CONCLUSION: Total hip arthroplasty with collum femoris preserving is one of the best choices for the treatment of advanced stage of femoral head necrosis of young patients with good midterm outcome.