[Epidemiologic features and space-time clustering analysis of human schistosomiasis in Hubei Province from 2015 to 2016].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the space-time patterns of schistosomiasis after the stage of transmission controlled in Hubei Province, so as to provide the reference for precise controlling. METHODS: The data of human schistosomiasis cases in Hubei Province from 2015 to 2016 and basic information of human schistosomiasis cases and serum antibody titer of human schistosomiasis cases in 2016 were collected and analyzed. The spatial clustering of human schistosomiasis was detected by the Flexible spatial scan statistics and Kulldorff circular scan statistic, respectively. RESULTS: Totally 64 819 serological positive cases from 51 counties and 1 504 stool hatching positive cases from 17 endemic counties were reported in Hubei Province in 2015, and 39 365 serological positive cases were reported from 48 counties in 2016. All of them were identified as the research objects. No stool hatching positive cases were reported from the routine work in the whole province in 2016. There were 1 603 cases of the highest antibody titer (1∶80 or more), with the proportion of 4.07%. According to the results of Kulldorff spatial clustering analysis, there were eight and six spatial clustering areas in the distribution of serological positive cases and stool hatching positive cases in 2015, respectively. The numbers of spatial clustering areas in the distribution of serological positive cases and the cases of the highest antibody titer (1∶80 or more) were eight and five in 2016, respectively. According to the results of Flexible spatial clustering analysis, there were three and two spatial clustering areas in the distribution of serological positive cases and stool hatching positive cases in 2015, respectively. The numbers of spatial clustering areas in the distribution of serological positive cases and the cases of highest antibody titer (1∶80 or more) were two and one in 2016, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The distribution of human schistosomiasis cases is not balanced, and there is spatial clustering in Hubei Province. So the key area for prevention and control is on the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in the future.

[Preparation of freeze - drying control materials of IgG antibody against Schistosoma japonicum for immunodetection kits].

OBJECTIVE: To prepare freeze-drying control materials of IgG antibody against Schistosoma japonicum for detection kits. METHODS: The serum samples of schistosomiasis patients from endemic areas and normal people without history of schistosome infection or contact with infested water in Hubei Province were collected. All the sera were detected by the method approved by China Food and Drug Administration and selected for preparation of quality control samples. RESULTS: Totally twelve positive quality control materials, ten negative quality control materials, and one sensitive and one precision quality control materials were screened. According to the positive serum level, the positive degrees of quality control materials were divided into strong, medium and weak levels. The stability could be valid for one year. CONCLUSIONS: The freeze-drying quality control materials of IgG antibody against S. japonicum for detection kits are prepared. They are easy to use and have good stability, and therefore, they may meet the requirement of quality control for the detection of schistosomiasis diagnostics kits.

[Establishment of surveillance and forecast platform of schistosomiasis in key water regions in Hubei Province].

OBJECTIVE: To establish an expression platform of surveillance and forecast for schistosomiasis in key water regions of Hubei Province. METHODS: The platform of surveillance and forecast for schistosomiasis was established based on Google Earth, GIS Office software, network albums and network video stations. The results of the field surveillance and laboratory testing, and figures and videos were inputted into the established platform, and an information management file was set up to express the information of forecasting. RESULTS: The operation and expression platform based on Google Earth in key water regions of Hubei Province was successfully established. It was able to provide the forecasting data timely, to achieve off-site and real-time query and sharing. CONCLUSIONS: The platform based on Google Earth has preferable prospective on field application in Hubei Province.

[Construction and operation status of management system of laboratories of schistosomiasis control institutions in Hubei Province].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the construction and operation status of management system of laboratories of schistosomiasis control institutions in Hubei Province, so as to provide the reference for the standardized detection and management of schistosomiasis laboratories. METHODS: According to the laboratory standard of schistosomiasis at provincial, municipal and county levels, the management system construction and operation status of 60 schistosomiasis control institutions was assessed by the acceptance examination method from 2013 to 2015. RESULTS: The management system was already occupied over all the laboratories of schistosomiasis control institutions and was officially running. There were 588 non-conformities and the inconsistency rate was 19.60%. The non-conformity rate of the management system of laboratory quality control was 38.10% (224 cases) and the non-conformity rate of requirements of instrument and equipment was 23.81% (140 cases). CONCLUSIONS: The management system has played an important role in the standardized management of schistosomiasis laboratories.

[Effect of wild feces detection in Oncomelania hupensis environments on surveillance of infection source of schistosomiasis].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of wild feces detection in Oncomelania hupensis environments on the surveillance of infection source of schistosomiasis, and find the weakness in schistosomiasis control in Hubei Province, so as to put forward the targeted strategies and measures. METHODS: Four environments with O. hupensis snails in endemic areas of Hubei Provinces, where human and livestock often haunted, were selected according to the river systems, namely the Juzhanghe River beach in Jingzhou City, Changjiang River beach in Jiayu County, Hanbei River beach in Tianmen City, and Changshou River beach in Zhongxiang City, then the snail survey and wild feces detection were implemented in the selected environments. RESULTS: There were O. hupensis snails, livestock, wild feces of cattle or sheep as well as positive cattle feces found in all the 4 environments, and the positive rate of schistosome miracidium incubation was 47.62%. CONCLUSIONS: The schistosome miracidium positive rate of wild feces of cattle is high in the environments with snails in endemic areas of Hubei Province, which has high risk for schistosomiasis transmission.