Health professionals' knowledge about ethical criteria in the allocation of resources in the COVID-19 pandemic.

Due to the rapid advance of the pandemic caused by COVID-19, several countries perceived that human and material resources would be insufficient to meet the demand of infected patients. The aim of this study is to analyze the knowledge of health professionals working in the pandemic about the application of ethical criteria in decision-making in situations of resource scarcity. This is a cross-sectional, descriptive, and quantitative survey study, conducted from June to December 2020, with health professionals working in the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. We applied a questionnaire to assess the professionals' knowledge about ethical criteria in decision-making in the allocation of scarce resources during the pandemic, containing 14 questions and possible score from 0 to 70, which was developed by researchers from documents and protocols validated by organizations from various countries, available in the first months of the pandemic, a sociodemographic characterization questionnaire and a self-assessment questionnaire regarding knowledge about bioethics. A total of 197 health professionals participated in the study, 37.6% of whom were nurses and 22.8% of whom were physicians, working in the Family Health Unit (28.4%) with a degree at the level of specialization (46.2%). Moreover, (9.5%) of nurses, (18.2%) of dental surgeons and (24.4%) of physicians reported that they have no prior knowledge about bioethics. Physicians and hospital workers scored higher on the knowledge assessment questionnaire. The mean score of the participants was 45.4 (SD = 7.2). Investments in training and professional education in the field of health focused on Bioethics are necessary, considering models and ethical theories that help professionals, managers and society to better position themselves in the face of pandemic contexts.

Content validity of a Safe Nursing Care Checklist for a neonatal unit.

BACKGROUND: Nursing checklists have been shown to improve communication, reduce the occurrence of adverse events, and promote safe, quality care in different care settings. However, to date, there is no validated patient care safety checklist for nurses caring for infants in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU). AIM: To describe development and content validation of the "Safe Nursing Care Checklist for Infants Hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit". STUDY DESIGN: Online Survey. METHODS: Based upon an integrative literature review, we developed a checklist focused on safe nursing care for infants in the NICU. Nursing experts participated in three rounds of a content validation process where they rated the items online. An agreement level ≥0.90 was required for inclusion in the checklist. Forty- three expert nurses with experience working in the NICU and who were certified in neonatal nursing or had a master's or doctoratal degree in child health provided content validation of the patient care checklist. RESULTS: The final checklist contained 45 items with content validation index scores greater than 90%. The instrument was structured into six dimensions including patient identification, effective communication, medication safety, infection prevention, fall prevention, and pressure injuries/skin injuries prevention. CONCLUSION: Content validity was established for the "Safe Nursing Care Checklist for Infants Hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit" which can identify strengths and weaknesses in safe nursing care for infants in the NICU as well as direct educational interventions to promote nursing care based on scientific evidence. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: This checklist can potentially be used by bedside nurses to promote provision of safe care to infants in the NICU and to guide corrective strategies and encourage evidence-based decision-making. Validation in the clinical setting is needed.

Morbidade psicológica e implicações para a recuperação de Adultos após cirurgia oncológica / Psychological morbidity and implications for the recovery of adults after oncology surgery / morbidad psicológica e implicaciones para la recuperación de adultos después de la cirugia oncológica

Objetivo: avaliar o constructo morbidade psicológica (ansiedade/depressão) em adultos submetidos à cirurgia oncológica no pós-operatório, bem como sua possível relação com a recuperação cirúrgica. Método: estudo correlacional, realizado com 96 adultos submetidos a cirurgia oncológica internados em hospital mineiro de grande porte, entre agosto e dezembro de 2015, mediante questionário sociodemográfico, Escala Hospital Anxiety and Depression e o Quality of Recovery Score, para verificação da recuperação cirúrgica. Realizou-se análise descritiva dos dados e os testes Shapiro-Wilk, Mann-Whitney, t-student, além dos coeficientes de correlação de Pearsone Spearman. Resultados: as variáveis ansiedade e depressão apresentaram relação negativa com a recuperação cirúrgica; houve relação negativa entre a variável ansiedade com a idade. 59 (61,5%) participantes apresentaram sintomas de ansiedade e 38 (39,6%) depressão. As variáveis ansiedade e escolaridade mostraram relação positiva. Conclusão: a morbidade psicológica esteve relacionada à qualidade da recuperação cirúrgica, portanto, torna-se importante o planejamento das ações de enfermagem perioperatória (AU).

Objective: to assess the construct of psychological morbidity (anxiety/depression) in adults in the postoperative period after oncology surgery, as well as its possible relationship with surgical recovery. Method: Correlational study with 96 adults who underwent oncology surgery admitted to a large hospital of the state of Minas Gerais, between August and December 2015, through the administration of a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Quality of Recovery Score, to assess surgical recovery. Descriptive analysis of data and Shapiro-Wilk, Mann-Whitney and Student's t-Test, as well as Pearson's and Spearman correlation coefficients were used. Results: the variables anxiety and depression had a negative relationship with surgical recovery. There was a negative relationship between the variables anxiety and age. Fifty nine (61.5%) participants showed anxiety symptoms and 38 (39.6%) had depression. The variables anxiety and schooling showed a positive relationship. Conclusion: Psychological morbidity was related to the quality of surgical recovery. Therefore, the planning of perioperative nursing actions is essential (AU).

Objetivo: evaluar el constructo morbidad psicológica (ansiedad/depresión) en adultos sometidos a cirugía oncológica en pos operatorio, así como su posible relación con la recuperación quirúrgica. Método: estudio correlacional, realizado con 96 adultos sometidos a cirugía oncológica internados en un gran hospital en Minas Gerais, entre agosto y diciembre de 2015, por medio de cuestionario socio demográfico, Escala Hospital Anxiety and Depression y Quality of Recovery Score, para verificación de la recuperación quirúrgica. Se realizó análisis descriptivo de los datos y las pruebas Shapiro-Wilk, Mann-Whitney, t-student, además de los coeficientes de correlación de Pearson y Spearman. Resultados: las variables ansiedad y depresión presentaron relación negativa con la recuperación quirúrgica; hubo relación negativa entre la variable ansiedad con la edad. 59 (61,5%) participantes presentaron síntomas de ansiedad y 38 (39,6%) depresión. Las variables ansiedad y escolaridad evidenciaron relación positiva. Conclusión: la morbidad psicológica estuvo asociada a la cualidad de recuperación quirúrgica, por lo tanto es importante el planeamiento de las acciones de enfermería perioperatoria (AU).

Postoperative self-efficacy and psychological morbidity in radical prostatectomy.

OBJECTIVE: evaluate the general and perceived self-efficacy, psychological morbidity, and knowledge about postoperative care of patients submitted to radical prostatectomy. Identify the relationships between the variables and know the predictors of self-efficacy. METHOD: descriptive, cross-sectional study, conducted with 76 hospitalized men. The scales used were the General and Perceived Self-efficacy Scale and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, in addition to sociodemographic, clinical and knowledge questionnaires. RESULTS: a negative relationship was found for self-efficacy in relation to anxiety and depression. Psychological morbidity was a significant predictor variable for self-efficacy. An active professional situation and the waiting time for surgery also proved to be relevant variables for anxiety and knowledge, respectively. CONCLUSION: participants had a good level of general and perceived self-efficacy and small percentage of depression. With these findings, it is possible to produce the profile of patients about their psychological needs after radical prostatectomy and, thus, allow the nursing professionals to act holistically, considering not only the need for care of physical nature, but also of psychosocial nature.

Perception of primary healthcare management nurses on the nursing process.

OBJECTIVE: this qualitative study aimed to analyze the perceptions of primary health care management nurses on the nursing process. METHOD: data were collected through interviews and analyzed by the Content Analysis proposed by Bardin's theoretical framework. RESULTS: managers recognize the importance of the nursing process, although its implementation was not a priority at the time of the interviews. A conceptual difficulty and a lack of understanding that the implementation of the care methodology should be a cross-departmental action in the local healthcare management were clearly observed. CONCLUSION: managers should have their perspectives broadened concerning the relevance of the nursing process and the professional training. The active participation of legislative nursing bodies, local healthcare management and the federal government may open the way for the effective implementation of the nursing process.

Nurses' perception about risk classification in an emergency service.

OBJECTIVE: Get to know how nurses perceive the accomplishment of risk classification in an emergency service. METHODOLOGY: In this qualitative study, 11 nurses were included with at least two months of experience in the risk classification of patients who visited the emergency service. Semistructured interviews were used to collect the information. The data were collected between August and December 2011. For data analysis, Bardin's theoretical framework was used. RESULTS: The nurses in the study consider the risk classification as a work organization instruments that permits closer contact between nurses and patients. The nursing skills needed for risk classification were identified: knowledge about the scale used, clinical perspective, patience and agility. The availability of risk classification scales was the main facilitator of this work. The main difficulties were the disorganization of the care network and the health team's lack of knowledge of the protocol. CONCLUSION: Risk classification offers an opportunity for professional autonomy to the extent that it is the main responsible for regulating care at the entry door of the emergency services.

Telephone follow-up of patients after radical prostatectomy: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: to assess and summarize the best scientific evidence from randomized controlled clinical trials about telephone follow-up of patients after radical prostatectomy, based on information about how the phone calls are made and the clinical and psychological effects for the individuals who received this intervention. METHOD: the search was undertaken in the electronic databases Medline, Web of Science, Embase, Cinahl, Lilacs and Cochrane. Among the 368 references found, five were selected. RESULTS: two studies tested interventions focused on psychological support and three tested interventions focused on the physical effects of treatment. The psychoeducative intervention to manage the uncertainty about the disease and the treatment revealed statistically significant evidences and reduced the level of uncertainty and anguish it causes. CONCLUSION: the beneficial effects of telephone follow-up could be determined, as a useful tool for the monitoring of post-prostatectomy patients.

[Nursing diagnoses in patients classified as priority level I and II according to the Manchester protocol]. / Diagnósticos de enfermagem em pacientes classificados nos níveis I e II de prioridade do Protocolo Manchester.

The aim of this study was to identify possible nursing diagnoses in patients classified as priority level I and II according to the Manchester protocol. This descriptive retrospective study evaluated 40 medical charts classified as priority level I and II. To identify nursing diagnoses, two experts analyzed signs and symptoms registered in medical charts at the time of risk classification. For priority level I patients, the most frequent nursing diagnoses were acute pain (65.0%), respiratory insufficiency (45.0%), and impaired gas exchange (40.0%). For the priority level II patients, the most frequent nursing diagnoses were acute pain (80.0%), nausea (10.0%), and risk for electrolyte imbalance (10.0%). This study suggests that the use of the Manchester protocol enabled identification of defining characteristics and risk factors and supports the elaboration of nursing diagnoses in risk classification.

[Creating diagnoses and interventions under the auspices of different nursing classification systems]. / Elaboração de diagnósticos e intervenções à luz de diferentes sistemas de classificações de enfermagem.

This study analyzes the use of different nursing classification systems to meet the standards established by the norm ISO 18.104:2003, based on a fictitious clinical situation. Nursing diagnoses and interventions were created using NANDA-I, NIC and ICNP® and an analysis was performed of the terminology agreement of these classification systems with the model proposed by the norm ISO 18.104:2003. For the creation of nursing diagnoses, NANDA-I and ICNP® comply with norm ISO 18.104:2003. As for the creation of nursing interventions, ICNP® meets the terminology reference model proposed by ISO 18104:2003. NIC, on the other hand, does not propose a combinatory terminology reference model. The unification of nursing terminology depends on reviewing, standardizing and testing these classifications in order to establish a common and sound language for the profession.