NDB-UFES: An oral cancer and leukoplakia dataset composed of histopathological images and patient data.

The gold standard for the diagnosis of oral cancer is the microscopic analysis of specimens removed preferentially through incisional biopsies of oral mucosa with a clinically detected suspicious lesion. This dataset contains captured histopathological images of oral squamous cell carcinoma and leukoplakia. A total of 237 images were captured, 89 leukoplakia with dysplasia images, 57 leukoplakia without dysplasia images and 91 carcinoma images. The images were captured with an optical light microscope, using 10x and 40x objectives, attached to a microscope camera and visualized through a software. The images were saved in PNG format at 2048 × 1536 size pixels and they refer to hematoxylin-eosin stained histopathologic slides from biopsies performed between 2010 and 2021 in patients managed at the Oral Diagnosis project (NDB) of the Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES). Oral leukoplakias were represented by samples with and without epithelial dysplasia. Since the diagnosis considers socio-demographic data (gender, age and skin color) as well as clinical data (tobacco use, alcohol consumption, sun exposure, fundamental lesion, type of biopsy, lesion color, lesion surface and lesion diagnosis), this information was also collected. So, our aim by releasing this dataset NDB-UFES is to provide a new dataset to be used by researchers in Artificial Intelligence (machine and deep learning) to develop tools to assist clinicians and pathologists in the automated diagnosis of oral potentially malignant disorders and oral squamous cell carcinoma.

A primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma mimicking labial herpes.

INTRODUCTION: A primary cutaneous CD-30 positive T -cell lymphoproliferative disorders are rare and heterogeneous group of primary skin tumors, which include primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (PCALCL) and lymphomatoid papulois. CASE REPORT: We report a rare an atypical case of PCALCL with an aggressive and refractory behavior that occurred in the lip vermilion, and that had been initially diagnosed as aggressive herpes. The lesion was recurrent and refractory to the CHOEP chemotherapy protocol followed by radiotherapy, but after hyper CVAD (acronym) + brentuximab with a considerable improvement. After 4 cycles of hyper CVAD plus brentuximab, the patient underwent 100% compatible sibling bone marrow transplantation, with success in the procedure. CONCLUSION: Primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma is a rare disease of difficult diagnosis and may be confused with chronic infectious diseases, postponing treatment.

Immunohistochemical Study of Laminin-332 γ2 Chain and MMP-9 in High Risk of Malignant Transformation Oral Lesions and OSCC.

OBJECTIVES: Oral squamous cell carcinoma is associated with alterations in basement membrane. Laminin-332 is present in basal lamina and performs multiple biologic effects by γ2 chain. Matrix metalloproteinase acts disrupting extracellular components and was related to poor prognosis in cancer. Here, molecular profile of laminin-332 γ2 chain and matrix metalloproteinase-9 was assessed in oral lesions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The expression of laminin-332 γ2 chain and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) was examined by immunohistochemistry in 10 patients with high risk of malignant transformation oral lesions and 26 cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Associations between microscopic and clinicopathologic features were established. RESULTS: Immunostaining of laminin-332 γ2 chain in high risk oral lesions was most detected in basement membrane which is continuous, while the majority of OSCC cases showed a discontinuous membrane (P = 0.001). It was observed a positive reaction for γ2 chain in invasive fronts and a higher expression in epithelial compartment of smoking patients with OSCC (P < 0.0001). In epithelium, MMP-9 expression was presented in all layers with no difference between lesions. However, an elevated immunostaining in stromal cells was associated with male patients (P = 0.0054), older than 60 years (P = 0.0101) and with OSCC. CONCLUSIONS: Present study results support the hypothesis of changes in molecules expression in high risk oral lesions and oral squamous cell carcinoma. A relation between clinical and molecule profile was observed. Those molecules may represent a useful tool to predict oral cancer behaviour.

Enamel-Renal-Syndrome: case report.

AIMS: to describe a case in which dental changes were observed and investigation proceeded to consider Enamel-Renal-Syndrome (ERS), a rare disorder that associates amelogenesis imperfecta with nephrocalcinosis. CASE REPORT: an 11-year-old male patient upon intraoral examination revealed generalized gingival hyperplasia, a few teeth were absent clinically and the remaining ones were yellowish-brown in color. The enamel alterations were suggesting of amelogenesis imperfecta. Unerupted teeth with increased pericoronal spaces, suggesting hyperplasic follicles or dentigerous cysts and an enamel with lower thickness and density were observed in the panoramic radiography. The patient was referred for an assay to investigate mucopolysaccharidosis; however, it was negative. A renal ultrasound showed bilateral nephrocalcinosis and laboratory exams, including calcium, phosphate, and creatinine levels were below the average. An incisional gingival biopsy showed numerous round to ovoid basophilic calcifications in the connective tissue. The final diagnosis was ERS. CONCLUSION: Dentists should refer patients with similar clinical presentation for renal ultrasound evaluation in order to rule out the possible diagnosis of ERS.

Oral lichen planus: clinical profile and determination of oral epithelial dysplasia / Liquen plano oral: perfil clínico y determinación de la displasia epitelial oral

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is the most common noninfectious oral disease and is considered a potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs). The etiology and pathogenesis of OLP are not completely understood and the malignant transformation remains under discussion. The aim was to asses the cytological and histological features of OLP, and establish relationship between clinical and microscopic profiles. A total of 10 patients diagnosed with OLP were investigated. Slides were prepared and stained with Hematoxylin­Eosin to identify 8 histological features and 8 cytological alterations. Finally, oral epithelial dysplasia degree was determined. Hyperplasia and loss of polarity of basal cells were detected in 90 % of cases. Anisonucleosis, nuclear pleomorphism and hyperchromasia affected 100 % of the sample. Six cases were classified as mild-grade OED, with no cases of severe-grade. Microscopic alterations were higher in women (P <0.0001) and moderate-grade OED was diagnosed only in this group (P <0.0014). The findings demonstrated that microscopic and clinical data association should be analyzed to a better understand of disease behavior. OED was absence only in one case, so the periodic follow-up of patients diagnosed with OLP is mandatory to avoid the malignant transformation.

El liquen plano oral (LPO) es la enfermedad no infecciosa más común y se considera un trastorno potencialmente maligno. La etiología y la patogénesis del LPO no se conoce y la transformación maligna sigue siendo objeto de debate. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las características citológicas e histológicas del LPO y establecer la relación entre los perfiles clínicos y microscópicos. Un total de 10 pacientes diagnosticados con LPO fueron investigados. Secciones histológicas se prepararon y tiñeron con hematoxilina-eosina para identificar 8 características histológicas y 8 alteraciones citológicas. Finalmente, se determinó el grado de displasia epitelial. La hiperplasia y la pérdida de la polaridad de las células basales se detectaron en el 90 % de los casos. Anisonucleosis, pleomorfismo nuclear e hipercromasia afectaron al 100 % de las muestras. Seis casos fueron clasificados como displasia epitelial oral (DEO) de grado leve y no se reportaron casos de grado severo. Las alteraciones microscópicas fueron mayores en las mujeres (p <0,0001) y DEO de grado moderado fue diagnosticado sólo en este grupo (p <0,0014). Los resultados demostraron que la asociación de datos microscópicos y clínicos deben ser analizados para una mejor comprensión del comportamiento de la enfermedad. La DEO estuvo ausente sólo en un caso, por lo que el seguimiento periódico de los pacientes diagnosticados con LPO es necesario para evitar la transformación maligna.

Conservative treatment of odontogenic myxoma.

Odontogenic myxomas (OMs) are nonencapsulated rare benign tumors that can occur in gnathic bones. They are locally invasive and have a high recurrence rate. Radiologically, OMs show a multilocular (in the majority of cases) or unilocular radiolucency, with either distinct or poorly defined margins. Histopathologically, OMs are characterized by spindle-, wedge-, or stellate-shaped cells loosely arranged in an abundant mucoid background. Myxomas are mainly asymptomatic. Radical surgery, excision, and enucleation followed by curettage of the surrounding bony tissue have all been advocated as treatment options. This study presents a successful case of conservative treatment of OMs with a 5-year follow-up.