Enfermagem nas prisões, uma prática de atenção básica em saúde: revisão narrativa

Objetivo: Analisar a atuação de enfermagem no contexto prisional. Material e Método: Trata-se de uma análise reflexiva realizada por meio de revisão narrativa de literatura, a partir de textos consultados na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), National Library of Medicine (PuBMed) e Scopus, que abordassem a atuação de enfermagem nas prisões; nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol; publicados de 2010 a 2021, completos e de acesso aberto e cujo propósito foi uma aprendizagem reflexiva a partir da imersão nos contextos práticos-teóricos sobre o tema, para tecer uma investigação da atuação da enfermagem nas prisões. Resultados: Foram incluídos 20 artigos, dos quais emergiram duas categorías temáticas: Funções do Enfermeiro no contexto prisional e Desafios da enfermagem nas prisões. As ações de enfermagem neste contexto incluem: o ensino, a pesquisa, à gerência do cuidado e às práticas assistenciais, as quais demandam do enfermeiro conhecimentos de atenção primária, secundária e terciária em saúde, com foco na atenção básica. Os desafios para o cuidado neste cenário são a falta de autonomia, a escassez de recursos humanos e materiais. Conclusão: A atuação da enfermagem no sistema prisional constitui-se de relevante contribuição da categoria enquanto prática social, devendo alicerçar-se nas prerrogativas legais de cuidados de enfermagem.

Objective: Analyzing the nursing performance in the prison context. Material and Method: This research is a reflective analysis carried out through a narrative review of the literature, based on texts consulted in the Virtual Health Library, National Library of Medicine and Scopus, that addressed the role of nursing in prisons; in Portuguese, English and Spanish; published from 2010 to 2021, complete and open access, with the purpose of reflective learning from immersion in practical-theoretical contexts on this topic, with the objective of investigating the role of nursing in prisons. Results: 20 articles were included, from which two thematic categories emerged: Roles of the Nurse in the prison context and Challenges of nursing in prisons. Nursing actions in this context include teaching, research, care management and care practices, which require nurses to have knowledge of primary, secondary, and tertiary health care, with a focus on basic care. The challenges for care in this scenario are the lack of autonomy, the scarcity of human and material resources. Conclusion: The role of nursing in the prison system means a relevant contribution of the category as a social practice if it is based on legal prerogatives of nursing care.

Objetivo: Analizar la atención de enfermería en el contexto de las cárceles. Material y Método: Se trata de un análisis reflexivo a través de una revisión narrativa de la literatura, a partir de los textos consultados en la Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), National Library of Medicine (PubMed) y Scopus, que abordó el papel de la enfermería en las cárceles, en portugués, inglés y español; publicados desde 2010 hasta 2021, acceso completo y abierto, cuyo propósito era un aprendizaje reflexivo por medio de la inmersión en los contextos prácticos-teóricos sobre la temática, para tejer una investigación sobre la actuación de la enfermería en las cárceles. Resultados: Se incluyeron 20 artículos, de los cuales surgieron dos categorías temáticas: Roles del Enfermero en el contexto penitenciario y Desafíos de la enfermería en las cárceles. Acciones de enfermería en ese contexto incluyen: la enseñanza, la investigación, las gerencias de los cuidados y las prácticas asistencialistas, las cuales demandan del enfermero conocimientos de atención primaria, secundaria y terciaria en salud, con foco en la atención básica. Los desafíos para el cuidado en esa situación son la falta de autonomía, la escasez de los recursos humanos y materiales. Conclusión: La actuación de la enfermería en el sistema carcelario se constituye en relevante contribución para el área de la enfermería sobre la práctica social, necesitando basarse en las prerrogativas legales de los cuidados de la enfermería.

Translation and psychometric validity of the Brazilian version of the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer-colorectal liver metastases module.

Patients with liver metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC) experience important lifestyle changes that impair the quality of life (QoL). The use of instruments is important to assess the cancer patients' QoL. To develop a Brazilian translation of the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire Colorectal Liver Metastases (QLQ-LMC21) questionnaire, and to investigate psychometric validity in patients with CRC with liver metastases, patients with liver metastasis from CRC answered the Brazilian versions of EORTC core Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 (QLQ-C30) and the QLQ-LMC21 module, a demographic data questionnaire and a questionnaire to assess understanding against the translated QLQ-LMC21. Data collection was performed in three Southern hospitals in Brazil, from August 2017 to August 2019. Descriptive analyses and Spearman's correlation tests were performed for construct and criterion validity. The Cronbach's alpha test was performed to assess reliability. Significant values were p < 0.05. Ten patients participated in the study for the pilot test and 106 for validation, with a mean age of 58.2 + 12.4 years old. The translated questionnaire was easy to understand for the participants in the pilot test phase, with no need for modification. In the validation of the convergent construct, all the correlations were significant (p < 0.001) and with coefficients above 0.53. In the discriminant validity, among items of different scales, the values of the divergent correlations were pain scale (0.005 to 0.186) and fatigue (-0.01 to 0.186), all non-significant. In the criterion validation, the correlations were significant, p < 0.05, and higher among similar scales of the QLQ-LMC21 and QLQ-C30, p-value < 0.001. The total internal consistency of the questionnaire was adequate, with a Cronbach's alpha value of 0.790. The Brazilian version of the QLQ LMC21 proved to be a valid reliable questionnaire to be used in conjunction with the QLQ-C30.

Validation of the comprehensive score for financial toxicity for Brazilian culture.

Financial toxicity is a side effect of cancer treatment showing the financial burden experienced by cancer patients for funding their treatment. An instrument for its evaluation can contribute towards the creation of coping strategies. In Brazil, a developing country, cancer patients certainly feel the effects of this serious adverse event, however, the discussion on the theme and research concerning these issues is scarce and an instrument for evaluation can help in the promotion of coping strategies. Thus, the study objective was to: 1) translate and adapt the COmprehensive Score for financial Toxicity (COST) questionnaire to Brazilian culture and 2) evaluate the COST psychometric properties in Brazil. Thus, a methodological study was developed in two stages. In the first stage, the translation and cross-cultural adaptation were performed, and in the second stage, two groups of participants were recruited to evaluate the psychometric properties. In the first stage, 21 individuals participated, including translators and cancer patients, and in the second stage, 126 patients participated who were undergoing cancer treatment. For validation, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and Cronbach's alpha coefficient were performed to verify internal consistency. For the first stage's outcome, the pre-test Cronbach's alpha was 0.83. The EFA and CFA carried out in the second stage of the study revealed that the COST Brazilian version measures a single construct with a value of-χ2/gl = 179.78, comparative fit index = 0.00, Parsimony goodness of fit index = 0.302, root mean square error of approximation = 1.196 and p-value of close fit = 0.000. When comparing the average of the COST score and the standard deviation of the two samples, the significance value was p = 0.001. Therefore, it is possible to confirm that the COST is a valid and reliable questionnaire to measure the financial toxicity of cancer patients in Brazil.

Nursing case management for people with hypertension in primary health care: A randomized controlled trial.

INTRODUCTION: Hypertension is a chronic disease that requires continuous and long-term care to prevent or delay the development of associated complications. Although various interventions for hypertension exist, case management in Brazil's primary healthcare is understudied. We examined nursing case management effectiveness for controlling blood pressure among Brazilian adults with hypertension in the public healthcare system. METHOD: A randomized controlled trial with a 12-month follow-up was conducted at a primary healthcare clinic in southern Brazil. Adult patients with hypertension were randomly allocated to intervention (n = 47) and usual care groups (n = 47). The nursing case management model includes nursing consultations, telephone contact, home visits, health education, and appropriate referrals. Patient outcomes (blood pressure, body mass index, waist circumference, quality of life, treatment adherence) were assessed at baseline and 6- and 12-month follow-up for the intervention group and at baseline and 12-month follow-up for the usual care group. Data were collected from only the intervention group at T6 to avoid contact between the researcher and the usual care group, and to check the care plan and modify it if necessary. RESULTS: After the intervention, the intervention group's blood pressure decreased significantly compared to the usual care group. The differences in systolic and diastolic blood pressure between the groups was -8.3 (intervention)/1.1 (usual care) mmHg (p = .004) and -7.4/-0.6 mmHg (p = .007), respectively. The intervention group had significantly greater improvement in waist circumference (-2.0/1.2 cm), body mass index (- 0.4/0.3), and treatment adherence (4.8/-1.1) than the usual care group (all p < .05). CONCLUSION: Nursing case management in primary healthcare may be effective for improving outcomes among patients with hypertension.

Care models for people with chronic diseases: integrative review.

OBJECTIVES: To identify the care models and the impact of the use of these in the care of people with chronic diseases reported in the literature in the years 2000 to 2014. METHODS: Integrative literature review in which the following guiding question was adopted: Which care models are used in the care of patients with chronic diseases and what impacts can be verified through their application? We consulted the bibliographic databases Virtual Health Library, LILACS, MEDLINE, Spanish Bibliographic Index of Health Sciences and the Database of Nursing. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 17 articles on the topic of interest. Three categories emerged from the analysis: health care costs, model-based care experience, and patient autonomy. The articles addressed self-management, case management and care model for people with chronic diseases. The major impacts on the use of the models were: a better relationship between the patient and the health professional, an increase in the autonomy of the person with chronic illness, and a reduction in personal and health care expenditure. CONCLUSIONS: The use of care models for people with chronic diseases presents benefits to the patient and to the health system. Nurses must actively participate in the application of these care models of people with this type of illness.

Quality of life of undergraduate nursing students at a Brazilian public university.

OBJECTIVES: To analyze the quality of life of undergraduate students of a nursing course. METHODS: This was a descriptive and cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach conducted in a public university in a municipality of Paraná State, Brazil; the study used the World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) of the World Health Organization. RESULTS: The study included 95 students, predominantly young (83.2%), single (89.4%), females (91.6%), living with friends (47.4%), receiving allowances (59%), with enough monthly income (77.9%), and dedication of seven to eight daily hours to academic activities (25.2%). Among the areas of quality of life, social relationships showed the highest score (77.20) followed by psychological (67.73), environmental (64.85), and physical (63.40). The relationship between sociodemographic variables and domains of quality of life was not significant according to the Student's t and ANOVA tests. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the importance of attention to the physical health of nursing students.

[Adherence to the use of the surgical checklist for patient safety]. / Adesão ao uso de um checklist cirúrgico para segurança do paciente.

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate adherence to the checklist of the Programa Cirurgias Seguras (safe surgery programme) at a teaching hospital. METHODS: Evaluative study conducted at a teaching hospital in the south of Brazil in 2012. Data were collected by means of non-participant observation in 20 hip and knee replacement surgeries and an instrument that was created for research based on the checklist and used by the institution. RESULTS: In the observed procedures (n=20) there was significant adhesion (p<0.05) to the instrument in relation to the verification of documentation, fasting, hair removal in the surgical site, absence of nail varnish and accessories, identification of the patient and surgical site on admission to the surgical unit, availability of blood and functionality of materials. However, there was no significant adherence to the checklist in the operating room in relation to patient identification, procedure and laterality, team introduction, surgical break and materials count. CONCLUSION: The results showed that the items on the checklist were verified nonverbally and there was no significant adherence to the instrument.

[Psychological violence in nurses' professional practice]. / Violência psicológica na prática profissional da enfermeira.

This descriptive study was performed from April to June 2008, at Universidade Federal do Paraná, in three hospitals, one higher education school and one secondary education school. The objectives were: to analyze the presence of psychological violence in the professional practice of nurses; to characterize the type of violence and the aggressor; to identify the victim's reactions after the aggression. Interviews were performed with 161 nurses, whose ages ranged between 22 and 57 years, and most of white ethnicity. It was found that psychological violence occurs at both the hospital and academic settings; most aggressors are women, particularly colleagues, followed by physicians and other health team professionals; nurses with less than one year since their graduation were those who suffered the highest degree of aggression and of greatest intensity. The factors that resulted from the aggression included irritability, which ranked first place, followed by anger, sorrow, and reduced self-esteem.