Produção de voz gástrica em paciente submetido a faringolaringoesofagectomia: Relato de caso / Case Report: total laryngectomy and esophagectomy rehabilitated with gastric speech

Introdução: O câncer de esôfago cervical em estádio avançadopode incluir como conduta terapêutica a remoção cirúrgica dafaringe, laringe e esôfago. A reabilitação vocal teoricamentemais indicada para estes casos seria a Laringe Eletrônica. Noentanto, pode haver outra forma de reabilitação vocal para essespacientes, devido à neuroplasticidade funcional que possibilitaao organismo uma nova adaptação para as funções vocais e/ou fala. Objetivo: Apresentar o caso de um paciente submetidoà faringolaringoesofagectomia total com reconstrução gástricaque desenvolveu voz estomacal como forma de comunicaçãooral. Relato de caso: Participou deste estudo um indivíduodo sexo masculino, raça negra, 43 anos, que foi submetido àpelveglossectomia parcial devido carcinoma espinocelular depelve lingual (T3 N0 M0) em 2007 e faringolaringoesofagectomiapor carcinoma epidermóide no esôfago cervical (T2 N0 M0) comreconstrução com tubo gástrico em 2009. Foi encaminhadopara o serviço de fonoaudiologia sendo reabilitado quanto àcomunicação oral por meio de exercícios para o desenvolvimentoda voz gástrica, adquirida após 2 meses de treinamento.Atualmente o paciente apresenta inteligibilidade e fluência de falaadequadas. Conclusões: Este estudo mostrou que é possívela reabilitação vocal por meio da voz gástrica como alternativade comunicação oral em um paciente submetido às ressecçõesassociadas de esôfago, faringe e laringe.

Total thyroidectomy with ultrasonic scalpel: a multicenter, randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: The ultrasonic scalpel is a recently introduced device in head and neck surgery. Total thyroidectomy is the most common endocrine procedure performed by surgeons. METHODS: This was an open, phase IV, multicenter, randomized controlled trial (RCT) that compared the use of an ultrasonic scalpel with a conventional technique in patients who underwent total thyroidectomy. The outcomes were surgical complication rate, operative time, drainage volume, postoperative pain, and costs. RESULTS: In all, 261 patients were included in 11 centers. There was a mean difference of 17% of operative time in favor of the ultrasonic scalpel group. There were no differences in postoperative complications. There was a difference in costs of 14% in favor of the ultrasonic scalpel group, but it was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: The use of an ultrasonic scalpel was as safe as that of the conventional technique and had the advantage of a shorter operative time and lower postoperative drainage. Costs were not different between groups.

Cumulative coffee consumption and reduced risk of oral and oropharyngeal cancer.

We examined the association between coffee consumption and oral cancer in a hospital-based case-control study comprising 143 patients with oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma attended at 3 major hospitals in Sao Paulo, Brazil, and 240 controls without cancer, recruited from outpatient units of the same hospitals and matched with cases by sex and age. Associations were assessed by multivariate logistic regression conditioned on sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics. Tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking, and higher intake of bacon and deep-fried foods were directly related to disease; the inverse was observed to family income and salad intake. Coffee consumption and tobacco smoking were partially correlated (Spearman correlation coefficient 0.14 among cases, 0.31 among controls). When adjusted for all covariates, a cumulative coffee consumption higher than 18.0 daily liters × year during lifetime was indicated to be protective against disease (adjusted odds ratio 0.39, 95% confidence interval 0.16-0.94, P = 0.037). This observation may have pharmacological implications for clinical medication of these cancers and is relevant to programs aimed at reducing the burden of disease.

Solubilization of proteins from human lymph node tissue and two-dimensional gel storage.

In the present study, we compared six different solubilization buffers and optimized two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) conditions for human lymph node proteins. In addition, we developed a simple protocol for 2-D gel storage. Efficient solubilization was obtained with lysis buffers containing (a) 8 M urea, 4% CHAPS (3-[(3-cholamidopropyl) dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate), 40 mM Tris base, 65 mM DTT (dithiothreitol) and 0.2% carrier ampholytes; (b) 5 M urea, 2 M thiourea, 2% CHAPS, 2% SB 3-10 (N-decyl-N,N-dimethyl-3-ammonio-1-propanesulfonate), 40 mM Tris base, 65 mM DTT and 0.2% carrier ampholytes or (c) 7 M urea, 2 M thiourea, 4% CHAPS, 65 mM DTT and 0.2% carrier ampholytes. The optimal protocol for isoelectric focusing (IEF) was accumulated voltage of 16,500 Vh and 0.6% DTT in the rehydration solution. In the experiments conducted for the sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), best results were obtained with a doubled concentration (50 mM Tris, 384 mM glycine, 0.2% SDS) of the SDS electrophoresis buffer in the cathodic reservoir as compared to the concentration in the anodic reservoir (25 mM Tris, 192 mM glycine, 0.1% SDS). Among the five protocols tested for gel storing, success was attained when the gels were stored in plastic bags with 50% glycerol. This is the first report describing the successful solubilization and 2D-electrophoresis of proteins from human lymph node tissue and a 2-D gel storage protocol for easy gel handling before mass spectrometry (MS) analysis.