Fatores clínicos do bem-estar de mulheres em parturição: perspectivas deontológicas e da bioética principialista / Clinical factors of women in labor well-being: deontological and bioethical principlism perspectives / Factores clínicos del bienestar de la mujer en trabajo de parto: perspectivas deontológicas y de la bioética principialista

Objetivo: avaliar os fatores clínicos associados ao bem-estar das mulheres durante o trabalho de parto e parto à luz da bioética principialista e da deontologia. Método: estudo transversal com abordagem quantitativa. Participaram 396 puérperas internadas em um hospital municipal do sudoeste da Bahia, e os dados foram coletados no período de janeiro a maio de 2023, após aprovação do comitê de ética em pesquisa. Os dados foram organizados no software Excel e analisados via SPSS v.25. a partir da regressão logística multinomial. Resultados: a maior parte da amostra apresentou bem-estar com assistência em saúde, mulheres que tiveram parto realizado por profissionais não médicos apresentaram mais chances de níveis de bem-estar "adequado". E mulheres que não tiveram a via de parto cesárea apresentaram aumento de chances de bem-estar. Conclusão: é necessário que os profissionais reflitam sobre suas ações, condicionando-as à humanização no parto, em observância aos princípios bioéticos.

Objective: to evaluate the clinical factors associated with women's well-being during labor and delivery in the light of bioethics principlism and deontology. Method: a cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach was conducted. It involved 396 postpartum women admitted to a municipal hospital in the southwest of Bahia. Data were collected from January to May 2023, after approval from the research ethics committee. The data were tabulated using Excel software and analyzed using SPSS v.25 through Multinomial Logistic Regression. Results: majority of the sample exhibited well-being with health care assistance. Women who underwent delivery performed by non-medical professionals showed higher chances of "adequate" levels of well-being. Additionally, women who did not undergo cesarean delivery showed increased chances of well-being. Conclusion: It is necessary for professionals to reflect on their actions, conditioning them to the humanization of childbirth, according to bioethical principles.

Objetivo: evaluar los factores clínicos asociados al bienestar de la mujer durante el trabajo de parto y parto a la luz de la bioética y la deontología principialista. Método: estudio transversal con enfoque cuantitativo. Incluyó 396 puérperas ingresadas en un hospital municipal del suroeste de Bahía. Recolección de datos de enero a mayo de 2023, con aprobación del comité de ética en investigación. Los datos se tabularon en el software Excel y se analizaron mediante SPSS v.25. utilizando regresión logística multinomial. Resultados: la mayoría de las participantes de la muestra presentó bienestar con la atención para la salud; las que tuvieron partos realizados por profesionales no médicos tenían más probabilidades de tener niveles "adecuados" de bienestar; las que no tuvieron parto por cesárea tenían mayores probabilidades de tener bienestar. Conclusión: es necesario que los profesionales reflexionen sobre sus acciones y las adecuen para humanizar el parto, respetando los principios bioéticos.

The role of neophobia in a pioneer olfactory enrichment for amazons, macaws, and toucans / El papel de la neofobia en un enriquecimiento olfativo pionero para guacamayos, loros y tucanes

Abstract Introduction: Despite sensory enrichment being critical for ensuring the well-being of captive wild animals, smells are not being included in enrichment protocols for birds. For this group, neophobia can be a problem when it comes to implementing new enrichment devices. Objective: To explore how participation in an olfactory enrichment and latency times varies between bird taxonomic groups (Amazona spp. / Ara spp. / Ramphastos spp.). Methods: We exposed 257 birds to a scent enrichment, and we recorded which individuals engaged with it and the time they took to interact with it. Results: We discovered that participation by toucans in the enrichment was higher compared to amazons and macaws. Furthermore, latency time to interact with the enrichment was higher in amazons that in the other species. Our findings could suggest that toucans are neophilic species which could benefit from higher exploration rates. Amazons on the contrary seem to be particularly neophobic, possibly because of their less opportunistic feeding habits compared to toucans and their higher vulnerability to predation compared to macaws. Conclusion: These results point out that toucans would be more inclined to engage in environmental enrichments, while a more natural design using smells inside familiar objects could be a more successful enrichment for psittacids.

Resumen Introducción: A pesar de que el enriquecimiento sensorial es fundamental para garantizar el bienestar de los animales silvestres en cautiverio, los olores no son incluidos de forma rutinaria en los protocolos de enriquecimiento para aves. Además, en el caso de estos animales, la neofobia puede ser un problema a la hora de implementar nuevos dispositivos de enriquecimiento. Objetivo: Explorar cómo varía la participación y la latencia en la interacción con un enriquecimiento olfativo entre grupos taxonómicos de aves (Amazona spp. / Ara spp. / Ramphastos spp.). Métodos: Expusimos a 257 aves a un enriquecimiento olfativo y registramos qué individuos participaron y el tiempo que tardaron en interactuar con él. Resultados: La participación en el enriquecimiento fue mayor en los tucanes en comparación con las amazonas y los guacamayos. Además, el tiempo de latencia para interactuar con el enriquecimiento fue mayor en las amazonas que en las otras especies. Nuestros hallazgos sugieren que los tucanes son especies neofílicas que podrían beneficiarse de tasas de exploración más altas. Por otro lado, las amazonas parecen ser particularmente neofóbicas, posiblemente debido a sus hábitos alimenticios menos oportunistas en comparación con los tucanes y a su mayor vulnerabilidad a la depredación en comparación con los guacamayos. Conclusión: Estos resultados señalan que los tucanes serían más proclives a participar en enriquecimientos ambientales, mientras que un diseño que utilice olores dentro de objetos más naturales o familiares podría ser más exitoso para las psitácidas.

[Impact of the Mediterranean diet and the consumption of fermented beverages on subjective well-being in different contexts in Spain]. / Impacto de la dieta mediterránea y del consumo de bebidas fermentadas en el bienestar subjetivo en diferentes contextos en España.

Introduction: The relationship between the Mediterranean diet, the consumption of fermented beverages (beer and wine), and subjective well-being in Spain was investigated. Using a cross-sectional study with 2,752 participants, dietary patterns and emotional well-being were evaluated in contexts such as work, the gym, and bars/restaurants. The results showed that context significantly impacts dietary habits and well-being. Participants at the gym adhered more to the Mediterranean diet and reported fewer negative emotions compared to other contexts. Correlation maps indicated that beer consumption was associated with a higher intake of red meat, while wine was related to a higher consumption of fish and seafood. Additionally, the study found that participants following the Mediterranean diet experienced higher levels of emotional well-being, with less frequent negative emotions such as anxiety and anger, and higher levels of life satisfaction, especially in contexts like the gym. These findings suggest that public health interventions should consider contextual factors to promote healthy eating habits and improve emotional well-being, highlighting the importance of the Mediterranean diet in health and the prevention of psychological problems.

Introducción: Se investigó la relación entre la dieta mediterránea, el consumo de bebidas fermentadas (cerveza y vino) y el bienestar subjetivo en España. Utilizando un estudio transversal con 2752 participantes, se evaluaron los patrones dietéticos y el bienestar emocional en contextos como el trabajo, el gimnasio y bares o restaurantes. Los resultados mostraron que el contexto tiene un impacto significativo en los hábitos dietéticos y el bienestar. Los participantes del gimnasio siguieron más la dieta mediterránea y reportaron menos emociones negativas en comparación a los de otros contextos. Los mapas de correlación indicaron que el consumo de cerveza se asociaba con una mayor ingesta de carne roja, mientras que el vino se relacionaba con un mayor consumo de pescado y mariscos. Además, el estudio encontró que los participantes que seguían la dieta mediterránea experimentaban mayores niveles de bienestar emocional, con menor frecuencia de emociones negativas, como la ansiedad y la ira, y mayores niveles de satisfacción con la vida, especialmente en contextos como el gimnasio. Estos hallazgos sugieren que las intervenciones de salud pública deberían considerar los factores contextuales para fomentar hábitos alimenticios saludables y mejorar el bienestar emocional, resaltando la importancia de la dieta mediterránea en la salud y en la prevención de problemas psicológicos.

Long-term PTSD prevalence and associated adverse psychological, functional, and economic outcomes: a 12-15 year follow-up of adults with suspected serious injury.

Background: An increasing number of longitudinal studies investigates long-term PTSD, related outcomes and potential gender differences herein. However, a knowledge gap exists when it comes to studies following individual civilian trauma beyond a decade post-trauma.Objective: To investigate the long-term PTSD prevalence, associated adverse psychological, functional and economic outcomes related to (suspected) serious injury of 12-15 years ago in Dutch adults, as well as potential gender differences herein.Method: N = 194 trauma-exposed adults (34% women) admitted to an emergency department following suspected serious injury completed a follow-up assessment 12-15 years (M = 14.30, SD = 1.00) post-trauma. Participants completed assessments of clinician-rated PTSD symptom severity, as well as self-report questionnaires on psychological, functional and economic outcomes.Results: Nine participants (4.8%) fulfilled the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for PTSD related to the index trauma of 12-15 years ago. Results showed that PTSD symptom severity (CAPS-5) was significantly associated with more severe symptoms of anxiety (HADS) and depression (QIDS), lower well-being (WHO-5) and (health-related) quality of life (WHOQOL; EQ-5D-5L), but not with alcohol use (AUDIT), productivity loss at work (iPCQ) and health care use (iMCQ). No significant gender differences in the long-term PTSD prevalence nor in its related psychological, functional and economic outcomes were found.Conclusions: Our findings underscore the long-term presence of PTSD and associated adverse psychological and functional outcomes in a proportion of adults who experienced (suspected) serious injury over a decade ago. PTSD is already widely recognized for its substantial impact in the aftermath of a trauma. The current study emphasizes the potential long-term consequences of individual civilian trauma, highlighting the importance of accurate screening and prevention for PTSD.

We investigated long-term PTSD and associated adverse outcomes 12­15 years post-trauma.4.8% had PTSD 12­15 years following suspected serious injury.Higher PTSD symptoms were associated with adverse psychological and functional outcomes.

'I've got no PPE to protect my mind': understanding the needs and experiences of first responders exposed to trauma in the workplace.

ABSTRACTBackground: First responders (FRs) are at high risk of being exposed to traumatic events in their occupational roles. Responding to critical incidents often involves exposure to life-threatening circumstances, dealing with fatalities and encountering highly stressful situations that may trigger traumatic responses. These experiences can lead to poor physical and mental health (MH) outcomes including post-traumatic stress disorder, co-morbid conditions such as depression, anxiety, substance abuse, insomnia, and suicidality. Little research has explored the perspectives and experiences of FRs in dealing with occupational trauma(s) and how best to meet their health needs.Objective: This study aimed to explore FRs' experiences of exposure to occupational trauma and its impact on their mental wellbeing. The wider objective was to investigate how FRs can be supported to access appropriate and relevant help, addressing barriers like stigma.Method: A qualitative research design using in-depth semi-structured interviews with FRs (n = 54) was adopted. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed using an inductive thematic approach.Results: Themes developed were: (1) the pervasive, cumulative and salient impact of occupational trauma on MH (micro-traumas, nightmares, flashbacks and reliving experiences); (2) the demands of the job exacerbating the adverse effects of trauma (self and others); (3) insufficient support and unhelpful ways of coping following exposure to trauma (lack of psychological safety); (4) stigma and fear of judgement as barriers to MH help-seeking; and (5) need for specific, accessible and credible trauma-focused interventions and workplace support.Conclusions: The implications of these findings are discussed at the individual, service provider and organisational level, emphasising the importance of implementing a strengths-based, non-pathologising and de-stigmatising approach to trauma in the workplace as experienced by FRs. Emphasis is placed on the importance of overcoming barriers to accessing MH support and improving access to evidence-based, trauma-focused psychological interventions and workplace support.

First responders regularly experience traumatic events in their workplace which can bring about traumatic stress, which is further exacerbated by the demands and pressures of their jobs.First responders' coping needs are not being met to a sufficient extent, especially in terms of psychological/MH input.There is need for evidenced-based, easily accessible, occupation-specific trauma-focused interventions to support first responders with their MH needs from occupational trauma-related stressors.

Investigación preclínica en animales. Pautas actuales / Preclinical animal research. Current guidelines

El uso de animales en experimentación científica está regulado por normativas diseñadas para garantizar la ética y el bienestar de los animales. A nivel mundial las regulaciones varían, pero muchos países como Argentina adoptan directrices establecidas por organizaciones internacionales como la Oficina de Protección de los Derechos de los Animales, EE.UU. (Animal Welfare Office) y el Instituto Nacional de Salud, EE.UU. (National Institute of Health). Los protocolos que se elaboran teniendo en cuenta las recomendaciones de estas entidades deben ser revisados por comités de ética para asegurarse que se cumplan con los estándares internacionales. En resumen, las pautas actuales buscan equilibrar el avance científico con la ética, asegurando que el uso de animales en investigación sea racional, humanitario y respetando el bienestar animal.(AU)

The use of animals in scientific experiments is regulated by guidelines designed to ensure ethics and welfare of animals. Regulations vary around the world, but many countries, such as Argentina, follow guidelines established by international organizations such as the US Office of Animal Welfare and the US National Institutes of Health. Protocols developed using the recommendations of these entities must be reviewed by ethics committees to ensure that they follow international standards. In summary, the current guidelines seek to strike a balance between scientific progress and ethics, ensuring that the use of animals in research is rational, humane and respects animal welfare.(AU)

[Self-sense and experiences of physical activity in breast cancer survivors: Qualitative evidence synthesis]. / Significados y experiencias de actividad física en mujeres sobrevivientes de cáncer de mama: síntesis cualitativa.

Breast cancer has a high incidence rate and a negative impact on women's lives. The practice of physical activity (PA) has shown strong evidence in controlling the side effects associated with the disease and its treatment. However, having an active lifestyle is influenced by socio-health inequities. The objective was to analyze the categories related to the meanings and perceived experiences with PA in breast cancer survivors (BCS). Protocol https://osf.io/7fwbs/. Articles describing the meanings of PA in BCS published after 2010 were included. Fourteen articles were analyzed using line-by-line coding. The emerging categories were: 1)PA as a strategy to re-signify and empower the body. 2)Cancer means a change in PA trajectories. 3)PA is a tool for a healthy and functional body in everyday life.

Caring to care: Nurturing ICU healthcare professionals' wellbeing for enhanced patient safety.

Healthcare professionals working in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) care for patients suffering from a critical illness and their relatives. Working within a team of people with different personalities, competencies, and specialties, with constraints and demands might contribute to a working environment that is prone to conflicts and disagreements. This highlights that the ICU is a stressful place that can threaten healthcare professionals' wellbeing. This article aims to address the concept of wellbeing by describing how the stressful ICU work-environment threatens the wellbeing of health professionals and discussing how this situation jeopardizes patient safety. To promote wellbeing, it is imperative to explore actionable interventions such as improve communication skills, educational sessions on stress management, or mindfulness. Promoting ICU healthcare professionals' wellbeing through evidence-based strategies will not only increase their personal resilience but might contribute to a safer and more efficient patient care.

Representaciones sociales acerca de Instagram: Estudio cualitativo con adultos emergentes con diferente bienestar psicológico y autoestima corporal

Antecedentes existe una relación entre el uso de Instagram y diferentes influencias e interacciones con el bienestar y salud mental de este grupo etario. Objetivo Reconstruir las representaciones sociales acerca de la red social Instagram de adultos emergentes con diferentes niveles de bienestar psicológico y autoestima corporal. Método redes semánticas naturales y entrevistas semiestructuradas fueron aplicadas a N=12 adultos emergentes (19 - 27 años) divididos en dos grupos según sus niveles de autoestima corporal y bienestar psicológico. El análisis de datos estuvo basado en análisis de redes semánticas naturales y algunos procedimientos de codificación teórica. Resultados se muestra la presencia del concepto de "acoso" como núcleo central de la representación social de Instagram en el grupo con baja autoestima corporal y bajo bienestar psicológico, a diferencia del grupo con alta autoestima corporal y alto bienestar psicológico en donde el núcleo central fue "red social". Conclusiones en los grupos estudiados, se encontraron dos representaciones sociales diferentes respecto de Instagram. Estos resultados pueden ser relevantes para aportar a llenar el vacío de conocimiento sobre los significados subjetivos colectivos de los adultos emergentes, teniendo implicancias en la mejor comprensión de las diversas formas de relación que establecen con esta y otras redes sociales.

Background There is a relationship between the use of Instagram and various influences and interactions with the well-being and mental health of this age group. Objective To reconstruct the social representations of the Instagram social network among emerging adults with different levels of psychological well-being and body esteem. Method Natural semantic networks and semi-structured interviews were conducted with N=12 emerging adults (19 - 27 years old) divided into two groups based on their body self-esteem and psychological well-being levels. Data analysis relied on natural semantic network analysis and theoretical coding. Results The concept of "harassment" is revealed as the central core of the social representation of Instagram in the group with low body self-esteem and low psychological well-being, unlike the group with high body esteem and high psychological well-being where the central core was the "social network" itself. Conclusions Two different social representations of Instagram were found in the studied groups. These results could contribute to filling the knowledge gap about the collective subjective meanings of emerging adults, impacting the better understanding of the diverse relationships they establish with this and other social networks.

[Mobile health in primary care. New challenges in the development of solutions to promote physical activity and well-being]. / La salud móvil en atención primaria. Nuevos desafíos en el desarrollo de soluciones para promover la actividad física y el bienestar.

The use of smart devices such as mobile phones (smartphones) or smart watches (smartwatch) to promote physical activity and well-being has increased in recent years among patients and professionals in primary care. This change is driven by the access of patients and professionals to a large catalog of health applications, which can complement the provision of services and promote the empowerment of patients in their own health and lifestyles. These applications are beginning to be integrated with areas such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) and data storage in the cloud, among other emerging technological systems, offering a new complementary approach to clinical practice known so far. Despite the great potential, there are numerous limitations and major challenges for its full implementation in clinical practice.

Ethics and Welfare in invertebrates: a stepping-stone to research and animal production / Ética y bienestar en invertebrados: una piedra fundamental en investigación y producción animal

Abstract Introduction: Even though only a few species are considered to be dangerous, pests or vectors, the majority of invertebrates produce a feeling of aversion in humans. This has contributed to the delay in the development of ethical considerations as regards this group in contrast with vertebrates, with the exception of cephalopods. Objective: In the present study, we provide an overview of the current situation on animal ethics and welfare in order to contribute to the development of a framework for ensuring invertebrate welfare. Methods: Today, animal welfare is multidisciplinary in nature to a very high degree as it includes ethology, physiology, pathology, biochemistry, genetics, immunology, nutrition, cognitive-neural, veterinary medicine, and ethics. Animal welfare is a complex concept, difficult to achieve successfully from one perspective. Results: As a consequence, we propose to include the five domains (nutrition, environment, health, behaviour and mental state) along with the three conceptions (basic health and functioning, affective state and natural living), as well as the 5R Principle (Replace, Reduction, Refinement, Respect and Responsibility) in seeking to achieve a comprehensive welfare state. Conclusions: We consider that in both research and animal production, the individual and collective ethical concerns coexist and, in fact, the main moral concern to account for is the collective one and that, within that collective view, the individual moral concern should be applied with responsibility and respect for the individual. Finally, we propose a practical example of invertebrate welfare production in sea urchin aquaculture with the aim of including animal production of invertebrates in this important discussion.

Resumen Introducción: Aunque sólo unas pocas especies son consideradas peligrosas, plagas o vectores, la mayoría de los invertebrados producen un sentimiento de aversión en el ser humano. Esto ha contribuido al retraso en el desarrollo de consideraciones éticas respecto a este grupo en comparación con los vertebrados, a excepción de los cefalópodos. Objetivo: En el presente trabajo, proporcionamos una visión general de la situación actual en materia de ética y bienestar animal con el fin de contribuir al desarrollo de un marco para garantizar el bienestar de los invertebrados. Métodos: Hoy en día, el bienestar animal es de naturaleza multidisciplinaria en un grado muy alto, ya que incluye etología, fisiología, patología, bioquímica, genética, inmunología, nutrición, cognitivo-neural, medicina veterinaria y ética. El bienestar animal es un concepto complejo, difícil de lograr con éxito desde una sola perspectiva. Resultados: Como consecuencia, proponemos incluir los cinco dominios (nutrición, ambiente, salud, comportamiento y estado mental) junto con las tres concepciones (Salud básica y funcionamiento, estado afectivo y vida natural), así como el Principio 5R (Reemplazar, Reducir, Refinar, Respetar y Responsabilidad) en la búsqueda de alcanzar un estado de bienestar integral. Conclusiones: Consideramos que tanto en la investigación como en la producción animal coexisten las preocupaciones éticas individuales y colectivas y, de hecho, la principal preocupación moral a dar cuenta es la colectiva y que, dentro de esa visión colectiva, se debe aplicar la preocupación moral individual. con responsabilidad y respeto por la persona. Finalmente, proponemos un ejemplo práctico de producción de bienestar de invertebrados en la acuicultura de erizos de mar con el objetivo de incluir la producción animal de invertebrados en esta importante discusión.

Efecto de la deuda económica sobre el bienestar psicológico de los residentes de cirugía: Resultados de un estudio nacional en Colombia / Effect of financial debt on the psychological well-being of surgery residents: Results of a national study in Colombia

Introducción. La deuda económica durante la residencia en cirugía general puede afectar el desempeño profesional, las decisiones de vida y el bienestar psicológico. La información disponible en Colombia es limitada. El objetivo de este estudio fue cuantificar la deuda económica del residente de cirugía general, identificar los factores asociados y evaluar su efecto en el bienestar psicológico. Métodos. Estudio de corte transversal analítico. Se invitó a 380 residentes a diligenciar una encuesta sobre los aspectos relacionados con su deuda económica y se utilizó el WHO-index para evaluar su bienestar psicológico. Resultados. Un total de 259 residentes participaron en el estudio (67,6 %). El 56 % posee una deuda económica promedio de COP $88.000.000 ((US$21.826)). Un alto nivel de endeudamiento se relacionó con el año de residencia, el tipo de institución (privada) y la solicitud de préstamos. Se identificó algún trastorno mental en 14,7 % y un bajo nivel de bienestar psicológico en 56,4 % de los participantes. No se identificó ninguna asociación entre una elevada deuda económica y el bajo bienestar psicológico. Conclusiones. La deuda económica tiene un efecto sobre los residentes. El endeudamiento de los residentes de cirugía en Colombia es altamente prevalente, y no se correlaciona con un pobre bienestar psicológico. La autodeterminación favorece el bienestar psicológico en el posgrado en cirugía general. Existe la necesidad de educación financiera en los residentes. Se requieren nuevos estudios que evalúen las causas del pobre bienestar psicológico.

Introduction. Financial debt during surgery residency can affect professional performance, life decisions, and psychological well-being. The information available in Colombia is limited. The objective of this study is to quantify the financial debt of the general surgery resident, identify the associated factors and evaluate their effect on psychological well-being. Methods. A cross-sectional study was carried out. A total of 380 residents were invited to complete a survey on aspects related to their financial debt, and the WHO-index to evaluate their psychological well-being. Results. A total of 259 residents participated in the study (67.6%). 56% have an average economic debt of $88,000,000 COP (US$21,826). High debt was related to level of residence, type of institution (private), and loan application. Some mental disorder was identified in 14.7% and a low level of psychological well-being in 56.4% of the participants. No association was identified between high financial debt and low psychological well-being. Conclusions. Economic debt has an effect on residents. Financial debt among surgical residents in Colombia is highly prevalent; however, it does not correlate with poor psychological well-being. Self-determination favors psychological well-being in the postgraduate course in general surgery. Likewise, the need for financial education in residents is imminent. New studies are required that thoroughly evaluate the causes of poor well-being.

Anxiety and depression in pregnancy: associated variables during the COVID-19 pandemic period.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between age, parity, nationality, educational level, employment and partner support with depression and anxiety during pregnancy. To determine the impact of the evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic on the anxiety and depression levels of the participants. METHOD: Cross-sectional descriptive correlational study carried out in the Osakidetza/Basque Health Service, Primary Care, Bizkaia (Spain). A total of 295 pregnant women between 8 and 41 weeks participated. The association between age, parity, nationality, educational level, employment, partner support and COVID-19 incidence rates during the study period and depression (measured with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale) and anxiety (measured with the State-Anxiety Inventory/STAI-S subscale) scores during pregnancy was measured. A logistic regression model was constructed and odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals were estimated. RESULTS: The mean score was 18.75 points for anxiety (SD=8.69) and 6.45 points for depression (SD=4.32). Women expecting their second or later child had higher scores for depression (OR 2.51[95%IC: 1.26-5.01)) and anxiety (OR 1.98 [95%IC: 1.01-3.89]). Having completed university studies was associated with lower scores in depression (OR 0.28 [95%IC: 0.11-0.77]) and in anxiety (OR 0,2 [95%IC: 0.08-0.54]). A good relationship with the partner was associated with lower levels of anxiety (OR 0.45 [95%IC: 0.24-0.81]). The mean anxiety and depression scores are related to the incidence of COVID-19 cases; the anxiety score was significantly higher in periods of higher incidence. CONCLUSIONS: Greater emotional care for pregnant women with low educational level, multiparous and with weak support from their partner, would reduce anxiety and depression in pregnancy. Health emergency situations affect mental health during gestation.

Feasibility and acceptability of a culturally adapted psychological first aid training intervention (Preparing Me) to support the mental health and well-being of front-line healthcare workers in China: a feasibility randomized controlled trial.

Background: Psychological first aid (PFA) training helps to prepare healthcare workers (HCWs) to manage trauma and stress during healthcare emergencies, yet evidence regarding its effectiveness and implementation is lacking.Method: A two-arm feasibility randomized controlled trial design was conducted in a Chinese tertiary hospital. Participants were randomly allocated to receive either a culturally adapted PFA training (the intervention arm) or psychoeducation (the control arm). Feasibility indicators and selected outcomes were collected.Results: In total, 215 workers who expressed an interest in participating in the trial were screened for eligibility, resulting in 96 eligible participants being randomly allocated to the intervention arm (n = 48) and control arm (n = 48). There was a higher retention rate for the face-to-face PFA training session than for the four online group PFA sessions. Participants rated the PFA training as very helpful (86%), with a satisfaction rate of 74.25%, and 47% reported being able to apply their PFA skills in responding to public health emergencies or providing front-line clinical care. Positive outcome changes were observed in PFA knowledge, skills, attitudes, resilience, self-efficacy, compassion satisfaction, and post-traumatic growth. Their scores on depression, anxiety, stress, and burnout measures all declined. Most of these changes were sustained over 3 months (p < .05). Repeated measures analysis of variance found statistically significant interaction effects on depression (F2,232 = 2.874, p = .046, ηp2 = .031) and burnout (F2,211 = 3.729, p = .018, ηp2 = .037), indicating a greater reduction in symptoms of depression and burnout with PFA compared to psychoeducation training.Conclusion: This culturally adapted PFA training intervention was highly acceptable among Chinese HCWs and was feasible in a front-line care setting. Preliminary findings indicated positive changes for the PFA training intervention on knowledge, skills, attitudes, resilience, self-efficacy, compassion satisfaction, and post-traumatic growth, especially a reduction of depression and burnout. Further modifications are recommended and a fully powered evaluation of PFA training is warranted.

Psychological first aid (PFA) training was culturally adapted and evaluated to help prepare healthcare workers to manage trauma and stress during healthcare emergencies.This culturally adapted PFA training was highly acceptable among Chinese healthcare workers and was feasible in a front-line care setting.Preliminary findings show positive changes for the PFA training intervention on knowledge, skills, attitudes, resilience, self-efficacy, compassion satisfaction, and post-traumatic growth, especially a reduction of depression and burnout.

[Factors associated with academic performance in adolescents from La Rioja (Spain): lifestyle habits, health indicators, and sociodemographic factors]. / Factores asociados al rendimiento académico de los adolescentes de La Rioja (España): hábitos de vida, indicadores de salud y factores sociodemográficos.

Introduction: Introduction: academic performance is influenced by numerous factors, some personal and others contextual in nature, which also have a close relationship with the health of students. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the relationship and influence of lifestyle habits, various physical and psychosocial health indicators, and sociodemographic variables on academic performance. Method: the study was carried out on a sample of 761 students (14.51 ± 1.63 years old) from 25 educational centers in a region of northern Spain. Academic performance was assessed, as well as health-related quality of life, self-esteem, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, hours of nocturnal sleep, level of physical activity, environment for the practice of physical activity, participation in extra-curricular sports activities, maximum oxygen consumption, body mass index, and various sociodemographic factors. Results: being male, having immigrant origins, as well as having a low/medium socioeconomic level, a cardiorespiratory capacity in the risk zone, lower adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and lower health-related quality of life indices were associated with lower academic performance, explaining up to 14 % of its variance according to the regression analysis. Likewise, adolescents with higher self-esteem, lower body mass index, females, those who lived in a favorable environment for physical activity practice, engaged in extra-curricular physical activity, and had a higher number of hours of nocturnal sleep showed higher levels of academic performance. Conclusions: interventions aimed at combating academic failure should take into account the aforementioned associated factors, with special emphasis on the most vulnerable groups such as males, those with lower socioeconomic status, and those who follow unhealthy lifestyle habits.

Introducción: Introducción: el rendimiento académico está influenciado por numerosos factores, algunos de índole personal y otros contextuales, que, además, poseen una estrecha relación con la salud de los estudiantes. Por ello, el objetivo del estudio fue analizar la relación e influencia de los hábitos de vida, diversos indicadores de salud física y psicosocial, y variables sociodemográficas sobre dicho rendimiento. Método: el estudio se llevó a cabo sobre una muestra de 761 estudiantes (14,51 ± 1,63 años) de 25 centros educativos de una región del norte de España. Se valoró el rendimiento académico, así como la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud, la autoestima, la adherencia a la dieta mediterránea, las horas de sueño nocturno, el nivel de actividad física, el entorno para la práctica de dicha actividad física, la participación en actividades deportivas extraescolares, el consumo máximo de oxígeno, el índice de masa corporal y diversos factores sociodemográficos. Resultados: ser chico, tener origen migrante y poseer un nivel socioeconómico bajo/medio, una capacidad cardiorrespiratoria en zona de riesgo, una menor adherencia a la dieta mediterránea e índices más bajos de calidad de vida relacionada con la salud resultaron asociarse a un menor rendimiento académico, llegando a explicar hasta el 14 % de su varianza según el análisis de regresión. Igualmente, los adolescentes con mayor autoestima, menor índice de masa corporal, las chicas, aquellos que residían en un entorno favorable para la práctica física, los que realizaban actividad física extraescolar y los que presentaban mayor número de horas de sueño nocturno, mostraron mayores índices de rendimiento académico. Conclusiones: las intervenciones dirigidas a combatir el fracaso escolar deberían tener en cuenta los factores asociados citados, haciendo especial hincapié en los grupos más vulnerables como los chicos, aquellos con menor nivel socioeconómico y los que siguen unos hábitos de vida no saludables.

Desafíos de salud y bienestar en el mundo según indicadores ODS / Challenges of health and well-being in the world according to SDG indicators

Resumen En este estudio se analiza el estado actual de los indicadores de salud y bienestar pertenecientes a los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible (ODS), identificando los desafíos más significativos que se presentan entre los países del mundo y en la región de las Américas. Se utiliza la técnica multivariante HJ-Biplot para representar las variaciones y covariaciones existentes entre 16 indicadores del ODS 3, reportados al año 2022, según datos de 176 países, entre ellos, 31 del continente americano. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que indicadores como la esperanza de vida al nacer, la cobertura sanitaria universal y la demanda de planificación familiar satisfecha, caracterizan a los países desarrollados. En contraste, los países en vía de desarrollo aún registran retos importantes para favorecer la salud materna, el bienestar de los niños y en el control de enfermedades trasmisibles y crónicas. Por ello, en el marco de la Agenda 2030, es necesario continuar trabajando en acciones de política pública que permitan avanzar en la implementación de programas para mejorar la salud y el bienestar de la población, en especial entre las naciones de menores ingresos.

Abstract This study reviews the current state of the good health and well-being indicators included in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), identifying the most significant challenges faced by countries in the world and in the Americas region. The HJ-Biplot multivariate technique is used to represent variances and covariances between 16 SDG 3 indicators, reported as of 2022, based on data from 176 countries, including 31 countries of the American continent. The findings show that indicators such as life expectancy at birth, universal health coverage and satisfied demand for family planning are key characteristics of developed countries. In contrast, developing countries still face significant challenges in terms of promoting maternal health, the well-being of children and the control of communicable and chronic diseases. For this reason, in the framework of the 2030 Agenda, it is necessary to continue working on public policy actions that enable making progress in the implementation of programs to improve the health and well-being of the population, especially in lower-income countries.

influência de aspectos socioeconômicos sobre os indicadores de guarda responsável em cães e gatos em Santana de Parnaíba - SP / influence of socio-economic aspects on responsible keeping indicators in dogs and cats in Santana de Parnaíba ­ SP / Influencia de los aspectos socioeconómicos en los indicadores de mantenimiento responsable en perros y gatos en Santana de Parnaíba

O conhecimento de tutores acerca dos cuidados básicos veterinários como requisito para a guarda responsável de animais de companhia tem sido pouco explorado. Os perfis sócios demográficos estão relacionados ao grau de desenvolvimento de uma população, sendo fator preponderante na maneira como são criados os animais de companhia. O presente trabalho analisou a influência do perfil demográfico e de fatores socioeconômicos de tutores do município de Santana de Parnaíba na guarda responsável de cães e gatos. Foram incluídos 300 tutores (205 de cães e 95 de gatos), que levaram seus animais para mutirões de castração em Santana de Parnaíba entre dezembro de 2018 e janeiro de 2019. O instrumento utilizado foi composto de 38 questões sobre aspectos sócio demográficas, nutricionais, sanitários, comportamentais e de conforto. O escore de guarda responsável permitiu pontuação máxima de 15 pontos, sendo que os tutores de cães apresentam escore de guarda responsável 10% maior que tutores de gatos. A menor renda familiar e do tipo de pet de estimação influenciaram no escore. O presente trabalho mostrou que 79% dos cidadãos de Santana de Parnaíba apresentam escore de guarda responsável entre 10 e 14 pontos, com ótima informação e aplicação dos princípios que promovem a qualidade de vida.(AU)

Owners' knowledge of basic veterinary care as a requirement for the responsible ownership of companion animals has been little explored. Sociodemographic profiles are related to the level of development of a population, being a preponderant factor in the way companion animals are raised. The present work analyzed the influence of the demographic profile and socioeconomic factors of owners in the municipality of Santana de Parnaíba on the responsible ownership of dogs and cats. 300 owners were included (205 of dogs and 95 of cats), who took their animals to castration campaigns in Santana de Parnaíba between December 2018 and January 2019. The instrument used was composed of 38 questions on sociodemographic, nutritional, health aspects, behavioral and comfort. The responsible guardianship score allowed a maximum score of 15 points, with dog owners having a responsible guardianship score 10% higher than cat owners. Lower family income and type of pet influenced the score. The present work showed that 79% of the citizens of Santana de Parnaíba have a responsible custody score between 10 and 14 points, with excellent information and application of principles that promote quality of life.(AU)

Se ha explorado poco el conocimiento de los propietarios sobre los cuidados veterinarios básicos como requisito para la tenencia responsable de animales de compañía. Los perfiles sociodemográficos están relacionados con el nivel de desarrollo de una población, siendo un factor preponderante en la forma en que se crían los animales de compañía. El presente trabajo analizó la influencia del perfil demográfico y de los factores socioeconómicos de los propietarios del municipio de Santana de Parnaíba en la tenencia responsable de perros y gatos. Se incluyeron 300 propietarios (205 de perros y 95 de gatos), que llevaron a sus animales a campañas de castración en Santana de Parnaíba entre diciembre de 2018 y enero de 2019. El instrumento utilizado estuvo compuesto por 38 preguntas sobre aspectos sociodemográficos, nutricionales y de salud. comportamiento y comodidad. La puntuación de tutela responsable permitió una puntuación máxima de 15 puntos, y los dueños de perros obtuvieron una puntuación de tutela responsable un 10% más alta que los dueños de gatos. El menor ingreso familiar y el tipo de mascota influyeron en el puntaje. El presente trabajo mostró que el 79% de los ciudadanos de Santana de Parnaíba tienen un puntaje de custodia responsable entre 10 y 14 puntos, con excelente información y aplicación de principios que promueven la calidad de vida.(AU)

Os programas sociais e a qualidade de vida das pessoas idosas em situação de extrema pobreza / Social programs and the quality of life of elderly people in situations of extreme poverty / Los programas sociales y la calidad de vida de las personas adulto mayores en situación de extrema pobreza

Dentro de 30 anos, duas de cada cinco pessoas serão maiores de 60 anos e mais de 80% dessas pessoas viverão em países com rendas econômicas médias e baixas, por isso é urgente que esses países implementem políticas para reverter essa situação. Este estudo teve como propósito identificar o impacto da qualidade de vida dos programas sociais nos idosos em condição de extrema pobreza. Este estudo foi do tipo explicativo-transversal, trabalhando com 634 idosos entre 66 e 97 anos, nas províncias de: San Román, Puno e Azángaro na região de Puno. A escala de Fumat foi construída para avaliar a qualidade de vida, seguida pela análise de regressão linear múltipla com um nível de significância menor que 0,05. Os resultados indicaram que o Sistema Integral de Saúde é o programa social que mais contribui na qualidade de vida (ß = 0,341; p < 0,001) em comparação com os programas sociais: Fundo Energético para a Inclusão Social (ß = 0,024; p < 0,05) e o programa Penção 65 (ß = 0,018; p < 0,05). Manter uma boa qualidade de vida e uma boa saúde na idade adulta é decisivo para desfrutar de uma vida plena e satisfatória.

Within 30 years, two out of every five people will be over 60 years old and more than 80% of these people will live in countries with medium and low economic incomes, so it is urgent that these countries implement policies to reverse this situation. This study aimed to identify the impact of social programs on the quality of life of elderly people living in extreme poverty. This study was explanatory-cross-sectional, working with 634 elderly people between 66 and 97 years old, in the provinces of: San Román, Puno and Azángaro in the Puno region. The Fumat scale was constructed to assess quality of life, followed by multiple linear regression analysis with a significance level lower than 0.05. The results indicated that the Comprehensive Health System is the social program that contributes most to quality of life (ß = 0.341; p < 0.001) compared to the social programs: Social Inclusion Energy Fund (ß = 0.024; p < 0 .05) and the Pensión 65 program (ß = 0.018; p < 0.05). Maintaining a good quality of life and good health in adulthood is decisive for enjoying a full and satisfying life.

Dentro de 30 años, dos de cada cinco personas serán mayores a 60 años y más del 80 % de esas personas vivirán en países con ingresos económicos medios y bajos, por lo que es urgente que estos países implementen políticas para revertir esta situación. Este estudio tuvo como propósito identificar el impacto de la calidad de vida de los programas sociales en los adultos mayores en condición de extrema pobreza. Este estudio fue de tipo explicativo-transversal, se trabajó con 634 adultos mayores entre 66 a 97 años, en las provincias de: San Román, Puno y Azángaro de la región de Puno. La escala de Fumat fue construida para evaluar la calidad de vida, seguidamente se empleó el análisis de regresión lineal múltiple con un nivel de significancia menor a 0,05. Los resultados indican que el Sistema Integral de Salud es el programa social que más contribuye en la calidad de vida (ß = 0,341; p < 0.001) en comparación con los programas sociales: Fondo Energético para la Inclusión Social (ß = 0,024; p < 0.05) y el programa Pensión 65 (ß = 0,018; p < 0.05). Mantener una buena calidad de vida y una buena salud en la edad adulta es decisiva para disfrutar de una vida plena y satisfactoria.

Gender, psychological distress, and subjective well-being two years after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain / Género, trastorno psicológico y bienestar subjetivo a dos años del inicio de la pandemia de COVID-19 en España / Gênero, distúrbio psicológico e bem-estar subjetivo dois anos após o início da pandemia da COVID-19 na Espanha

Abstract This study aimed to examine gender differences in distress and well-being two years after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, analyzing risk and protective factors for psychological distress and subjective well-being. It is a repeated cross-sectional study with a sample of 1,588 women (50%) and men (50%) from the general Spanish population aged 18-74 years who were assessed online by seven questionnaires and scales. Descriptive, variance, and hierarchical multiple regression analyses were performed. From February to April 2022, 57.4% of women and 38.7% of men had psychological distress, percentages that totaled 50.5% and 41.5%, respectively, from October 2022 to February 2023. Women also had greater perceived vulnerability to diseases, more negative feelings, and lower affect balance, resilience, and self-esteem than men. The most important predictors of greater psychological distress refer to lower self-esteem, resilience, and social support and higher perceived vulnerability to diseases. Other statistically significant predictors included lower educational level in women and neither being married nor living with a partner in men. Lower self-esteem also best predicted lower subjective well-being, with lower social support and lower resilience also constituting significant predictors. Moreover, lower educational level and higher perceived vulnerability to diseases statistically and significantly predicted lower subjective well-being in women, as did not being a student in men. We conclude that psychological distress remains greatly prevalent in Spain two years after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in women.

Resumen Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar las diferencias de género en distrés psicológico y en el bienestar a dos años del inicio de la pandemia de COVID-19, analizando factores de riesgo y de protección para distrés psicológico y bienestar subjetivo. Se trata de un estudio transversal repetido con una muestra de 1.588 individuos de la población general de España, 50% mujeres y 50% hombres, con edades comprendidas entre 18 y 74 años. Los participantes fueron evaluados en línea mediante 7 cuestionarios y escalas. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos, de varianza y de regresión múltiple jerárquica. Entre febrero y abril del 2022, el 57,4% de las mujeres y el 38,7% de los hombres presentaron distrés psicológico, con porcentajes del 50,5% y 41,5%, respectivamente, entre octubre del 2022 y febrero del 2023. Las mujeres también presentaron una mayor vulnerabilidad percibida a la enfermedad, más sentimientos negativos, menos equilibrio afectivo y menor resiliencia y autoestima que los hombres. Los indicadores más importantes de un mayor distrés psicológico fueron la baja autoestima, la baja resiliencia, el escaso apoyo social y una mayor vulnerabilidad percibida a la enfermedad. Otros indicadores estadísticamente significativos fueron los siguientes: bajo nivel de educación entre las mujeres y no estar casado o no vivir con una compañera entre los hombres. La baja autoestima también fue el mejor indicador de un bajo bienestar subjetivo; además, el escaso apoyo social y la baja resiliencia también fueron indicadores importantes. Además, el bajo nivel de educación y la alta vulnerabilidad percibida a la enfermedad fueron indicadores estadísticamente significativos de bajo bienestar subjetivo entre las mujeres y de no ser estudiantes entre los hombres. Concluimos que el distrés psicológico sigue siendo muy prevalente en España dos años después del inicio de la pandemia de COVID-19, especialmente entre las mujeres.

Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar as diferenças de gênero em estresse psicológico e no bem-estar dois anos após o início da pandemia da COVID-19, analisando fatores de risco e de proteção para estresse psicológico e bem-estar subjetivo. Este foi um estudo transversal repetido com amostra de 1.588 indivíduos da população geral da Espanha - 50% do sexo feminino e 50% do sexo masculino, com idade entre 18 e 74 anos. Os participantes foram avaliados online por meio de sete questionários e escalas. Foram realizadas análises descritivas, de variância e de regressão múltipla hierárquica. Entre fevereiro e abril de 2022, 57,4% das mulheres e 38,7% dos homens apresentaram estresse psicológico, com porcentagens de 50,5% e 41,5%, respetivamente, entre outubro de 2022 e fevereiro de 2023. As mulheres também apresentaram maior vulnerabilidade percebida à doença, mais sentimentos negativos, menor equilíbrio afetivo e menor resiliência e autoestima do que os homens. Os indicadores mais importantes de maior estresse psicológico foram baixa autoestima, baixa resiliência, baixo apoio social e maior vulnerabilidade percebida à doença. Outros indicadores estatisticamente significativos foram: baixo nível de escolaridade entre as mulheres e não ser casado ou não viver com uma companheira entre os homens. Baixa autoestima também foi o melhor indicador de baixo bem-estar subjetivo; além disso, baixo apoio social e baixa resiliência também foram indicadores significativos. Além disso, baixo nível de escolaridade e alta vulnerabilidade percebida à doença foram indicadores estatisticamente significativos de baixo bem-estar subjetivo entre as mulheres e de não ser estudante entre os homens. Concluímos que estresse psicológico ainda é muito prevalente na Espanha dois anos após o início da pandemia da COVID-19, principalmente entre as mulheres.