Dual-plane lift-and-hold technique for brow ptosis in young patients with facial paralysis.

BACKGROUND: Direct browlift is useful but leaves a scar above the brow. We proposed a dual-plane browlift to avoid facial scarring while effectively resolving brow ptosis in young and young adult patients. METHODS: Seven patients with facial palsy underwent dual-plane browlift between July 2018 and June 2022. The mean postoperative follow-up period was 31.9 months. Skin resection at the hairline was combined with subcutaneous dissection down to the inferior margin of the brow to "lift" the brow. Fascia lata strips were fixed to the dermis just inferior to the eyebrow to "hold" the brow, and the strips were suspended upward through the subperiosteal tunnel and fixed to the periosteum. Brow height was compared before and after the procedure and with the contralateral side. RESULTS: The reported complications included slight hematoma at the recipient site, temporary difficulty in closing the eye, and seroma at the fascia donor site. The paralyzed side showed significant differences between the preoperative period and postoperative months (POM) 3, 6, and 12, but differences were not shown in the intervals between POM 3 and 6, 6 and 12, or 3 and 12. The difference in eyebrow height between the paralyzed and nonparalyzed sides was significant preoperatively but not at POM 3, 6, or 12. All scars matured well, and the fascia silhouette was not visible in the forehead region. CONCLUSIONS: Dual-plane browlift enables rigid suspension using the fascia lata and excises flaccid skin without leaving facial scars, yielding excellent cosmetic quality and stable long-term outcomes.

Evaluating the results of eyebrow lift by combining methods of subcutaneous flap and thread support in patients with droopy eyebrows.

BACKGROUND: Brow lift also known as eyebrow lift was first described in 1919, and since then, many changes have been made in the methods of doing it, although there is still no agreed method of absolute superiority for eyebrow lift. Most previous studies have reported the results generally qualitatively and based on patient or surgeon satisfaction. In this study, by combining two less complicated methods of eyebrow lift, we have evaluated the quantitative results. METHOD: Before the surgery, a standard photograph of the face was taken. The vertical distance between the tail of the eyebrow and interpupillary line was determined. RESULTS: This study was performed on 15 females with a mean age of 38.27 ± 6.82 years. The mean distance between the eyebrow and interpupillary line by photographic measurement before surgery, 3 weeks, and 6 months after surgery was, respectively, 10.45 ± 1.74, 15.72 ± 1.77, and 13.53 ± 1.69 mm using the tail of the eyebrow and 18.47 ± 1.67, 23.33 ± 1.57, and 21.55 ± 1.66 mm using the crown of the eyebrow. In the clinical measurement, the eyebrow tail was 11.98 ± 1.75, 19.22 ± 1.73, 17.35 ± 1.68 and 15.13 ± 1.76 mm away from the pupil line, and the crown of eyebrow was 20.45 ± 1.90, 27.12 ± 1.58, 25.00 ± 1.80, and 23.35±1.78 mm. There is a significant difference between the distance of the tail of the eyebrow and the crown of the eyebrow in both measurement methods (photographic and clinical) at different times (p-value <0.001). CONCLUSION: Performing eyebrow lift with the Pretrichial method has many comparative advantages to other methods. Additionally, eyebrow lift with the thread support is a less invasive method.

Prevalence of Masked versus Unmasked Blepharoptosis in Subjects Seeking for Blepharoplasty and or Eyebrow Lift.

PURPOSE: To report the prevalence of unmasked versus masked in subjects seeking for eyelid and eyebrow rejuvenation. METHODS: This retrospective study included subjects (>18 years) who were seeking for blepharoplasty and/or eyebrow lift procedures in the year 2020. They were either having No ptosis, Unmasked or Exposed ptosis (complaining of simultaneous droopy eyelid, which was confirmed on examination), or Masked or Hidden ptosis (not complaining of simultaneous droopy eyelid, but its presence was revealed on the examination). Margin reflex distance 1 (MRD1) and levator function (LF) were recorded. Associated ptosis was defined as MRD1 of ≤3 mm and regarded as mild (3 and 2.5 mm), moderate (2 and 1.5 mm), and severe (≤1 mm). RESULTS: Included were 1401 subjects with a mean age of 47.2 years. The prevalence of masked and unmasked ptosis was 31% (90% unilateral) and 15.6% (59% bilateral), respectively. A significantly younger mean age (45.6 vs. 59.7 years), higher MRD1 (2.6 vs. 1.9 mm), and better LF (13.3 vs. 11.3 mm) were observed in the masked vs. unmasked ptosis group. More than 80% of the subjects with masked ptosis presented with indirect signs. A majority of both groups (68.8% of masked and 63.5% of unmasked ptosis) were mild to moderate. CONCLUSION: Almost half of the subjects seeking for eyelid and eyebrow rejuvenation had either masked (2/3) or unmasked (1/3) associated ptosis. Masked ptosis was mostly unilateral and presenting with indirect signs of ptosis.

Elevación de la ceja y abordaje mínimamente invasivo mediante la blefaroplastia / Eyebrow lift by blepharoplasty with a minimally invasive approach

Las cejas y el párpado superior están íntimamente relacionados, por lo que se recomienda realizar un plan quirúrgico basado en la evaluación de las cejas y del área periorbitaria para lograr los resultados deseados de una apariencia descansada y natural. Para el levantamiento de las cejas se han realizado diferentes técnicas. Cada técnica tiene sus ventajas, desventajas e indicaciones. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en bases de datos que ofrece Infomed, como Ebsco, Hinari, Pubmed, Google académico y textos básicos de Oftalmología y Cirugía Estética. La elevación de la ceja mediante la blefaroplastia produce beneficios, tales como un abordaje menos invasivo, cicatrices posteriores menos evidentes, un plano de disección más fácil que disminuye el sangrado transquirúrgico, la disminución del tiempo de cirugía y por consiguiente menores complicaciones posoperatorias. Además, permite que los resultados sean duraderos, al igual que los obtenidos en la cirugía de elevación de las cejas mediante técnicas endoscópicas, con una marcada disminución en los costos al no utilizar el endoscopio. La presente revisión se realizó con el objetivo de ampliar los conocimientos sobre el envejecimiento del tercio superior facial, así como el empleo de la blefaroplastia ampliada como una alternativa quirúrgica de rejuvenecimiento periocular(AU)

The eyebrows and upper eyelids are closely related structures. It is therefore recommended to develop a surgical plan based on evaluation of the eyebrows and the periorbital area in order to achieve the desired result of a rested, natural appearance. Different techniques have been used for eyebrow lifting. Each technique has advantages, disadvantages and indications. A bibliographic search was conducted in the databases offered by Infomed, such as Ebsco, Hinari, Pubmed, Google Scholar, as well as ophthalmology and aesthetic surgery basic textbooks. Eyebrow lift by transblepharoplasty has benefits such as a less invasive approach, less visible scars after surgery, an easier dissection plane reducing intraoperative bleeding, reduced surgery time and therefore fewer postoperative complications. On the other hand, results are as lasting as those obtained by eyebrow lift surgery by endoscopic techniques, but costs are markedly lower due to the non-use of an endoscope. The present review was conducted with the purpose of broadening our knowledge about aging of the facial upper third, as well as about the use of extended blepharoplasty as a surgical alternative for periocular rejuvenation(AU)

Minimal Undermining Suspension Technique (MUST): Combined Eyebrow and Mid-face Lift via Temporal Access.

BACKGROUND: Less downtime following esthetic interventions leads to the popularity of injectable solutions for facial rejuvenation treatments. Surgical interventions for esthetic purposes are usually associated with higher complication rates and longer recovery times when compared to less invasive treatments. Here we present for the first time a minimally invasive surgical technique for a simultaneous mid-face and eyebrow lift using one small temporal incision. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We prospectively studied patients who underwent facial rejuvenation using a minimal undermining suspension technique (MUST) in an outpatient setting. Postoperatively, surgical complications were classified according to the Clavien-Dindo classification. Preoperatively and at 12-month post-intervention, patient-reported outcomes were described using the FACE-Q questionnaire. Pre- and postoperative pictures were compared using MERZ Aesthetic Scales. RESULTS: Fifty-five patients (50 females and 5 males) with a mean age of 47 years were studied. The overall complication rate was 19%, whereas 18 patients (15%) developed an ecchymosis of the orbicular temporal region and two patients (4%) developed a dimple caused by the anchor of the suture. No displacements of the palpebral rim or injuries to the facial nerve were observed. Recovery time was in average 7 days and no long-term complications were seen. Both, the FACE-Q and the MERZ Aesthetic Scales showed significant improvements at 12-month post-surgery (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The MUST can be used as a minimal invasive procedure for facial rejuvenation with a short downtime and low complication rate. The discreet temporal access and the MUST dissector allowed a safe dissection of anatomical tissue planes to perform safely a mid-face and eyebrow lift. Further studies are warranted to prove long-term outcomes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the A3 online Instructions to Authors. www.springer.com/00266 .